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Year 2013 - Volume 33, Number 9
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Sedative effects of the association Ketamine and Midazolam administered intranasally or intramuscular in parrots (Amazona aestiva and Amazona vinacea), 33(9):1125-1129
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ABSTRACT.- Bitencourt E.H., Padilha V.S., Lima M.P.A., Beier S.L., Moraes A.N. & Oleskovicz N. 2013. [Sedative effects of the association Ketamine and Midazolam administered intranasally or intramuscular in parrots (Amazona aestiva and Amazona vinacea).] Efeitos sedativos da associação de Cetamina e Midazolam administrados pela via intranasal ou intramuscular em papagaio (Amazona aestiva e Amazona vinacea). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(9):1125-1129. Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000 Brazil. E-mail: a2no@cav.udesc.br
The lack of safe sedation protocols for use in parrots in the literature, demonstrate the need to know that the anesthetics are effective in these animals. Due to low muscle mass this bird, it was noted the need to consider other routes of administration, less invasive and painful to the animal, such as intranasal. The aim of this study was to evaluate sedative effects of intranasal administration compared to intramuscular 15mg.kg-1 of Ketamine and Midazolam 1mg.kg-1. We used 14 parrots (Amazona aestiva and Amazona vinacea), adults, and mean weight of 388.5±29.1g. The animals were randomly into two groups: intramuscular (IM, n=7) and intranasal (IN, n=7). In group intramuscular, administration of anesthetics was performed in the pectoral muscles, using insulin syringes and intranasal group with a micropipette. We evaluated the latency period, duration, quality of sedation, and the total recovery time. The average for the period of latency in the IM group was 6.13±2.02 and IN group 4.84±2.37 minutes. As for the duration of sedation in the IM group was 35.81±29.56 and in IN group 24.52±14.83 minutes. Both pathways promoted adequate sedation, the mean score for the quality of sedation obtained by the IM group was 2±1.5 and 1.28±1.1 in the IN group. The total recovery time in the IM group was 27.04±11.69 and 17.67±11.64 minutes in the IN group. Although the IN group the lowest times of onset, duration and full recovery and have better scores on quality of sedation, there was no statistically significant difference between groups. The results of this study indicate that administration of ketamine (15mg.kg-1) and midazolam (1mg.kg-1) intranasal or intramuscular in parrots (Amazona aestiva/Amazona vinacea) produce adequate sedation for minor procedures, but the intranasal route could be an alternative less invasive when compared to intramuscular injection. |
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