Resultado da pesquisa (5)
Termo utilizado na pesquisa strongylus
#1 - Mortality caused by gastrointestinal nematodes in beef cattle submitted to an inadequate sanitary protocol
Abstract in English:
The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and pathological findings of two outbreaks of gastrointestinal nematode infections in beef cattle kept under an inadequate sanitary protocol. An outbreak of trichostrongylosis occurred in Amambai, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), from May to July 2016. The herd consisted of 3,000 Nellore cows, and of these, fifteen died after showing emaciation and diarrhea and remaining in recumbency. At necropsy, the abomasum showed edema in the folds, white, raised areas, multifocal to coalescent, and small ulcers. Histopathology showed larvae compatible with trichostrongylid nematodes were present inside the abomasum glands. Trichostrongylus axei was identify in the abomasum. The hemonchosis outbreak began in October 2018, in a breeding and finishing property in Santa Rita do Pardo, MS. Of 4,000 cattle aged 8 to 18 months, 673 became ill and 117 died. Clinical signs were emaciation, weakness, dehydration, submandibular edema, and soft stools. At necropsy, large numbers of nematodes were found in the abomasum; they were morphologically classified as Haemonchus placei. Both outbreaks were caused by failures in the parasite control protocol. However, in Outbreak I, frost and immune stress caused by lack of food may have contributed to the deaths. In Outbreak I, the main failure in the devermination protocol was the use of anthelmintics without carrying out an efficacy test. In Outbreak II, there was no parasite control protocol in the rearing and finishing property, and in the breeding property, there was resistance to the anthelmintic used (ivermectin). The two outbreaks highlight the importance of gastrointestinal nematode control protocols in cattle and demonstrate that infections by T. axei and H. placei can be lethal for this species.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os achados epidemiológicos, clínicos e patológicos de dois surtos de verminose em bovinos de corte mantidos sob protocolo sanitário inadequado. Um surto de tricostrongilose ocorreu em Amambai, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), de maio a julho de 2016. O rebanho de cria era composto por 3.000 vacas Nelore, das quais, quinze vacas adultas morreram após apresentarem emagrecimento, diarreia e permanecerem em decúbito. Na necropsia, o abomaso apresentava edema das pregas, áreas brancacentas, elevadas, multifocais a coalescentes e pequenas úlceras. Na histopatologia, larvas compatíveis com nematódeos tricostrongilídeos estavam presentes no interior das glândulas do abomaso. A recuperação de helmintos do abomaso demonstrou que Trichostrongylus axei foi o principal agente etiológico. O surto de hemoncose iniciou-se em outubro de 2018, em uma propriedade de recria e terminação em Santa Rita do Pardo, MS. Do total de 4 mil bovinos com 8 a 18 meses, 673 adoeceram e 117 morreram. Os sinais clínicos foram emagrecimento, fraqueza, desidratação, edema submandibular e fezes pastosas. Na necropsia, havia grande quantidade de nematódeos no abomaso, que foram classificados morfologicamente como Haemonchus placei. Ambos os surtos foram causados por falhas no protocolo de controle parasitário, porém, no Surto I, geadas e estresse imunológico causado pela falta de alimento podem ter contribuído para as mortes. No Surto I, a principal falha no protocolo de desverminação foi o uso de anti-helmínticos sem a realização de teste de eficácia. No Surto II, não havia protocolo de controle parasitário na propriedade de recria e terminação, e na propriedade de cria, havia resistência ao anti-helmíntico utilizado (ivermectina). Os dois surtos ressaltam a importância dos protocolos de controle de nematódeos gastrintestinais em bovinos e demonstram que infecções por T. axei e H. placei podem ser letais para esta espécie.
#2 - Bronchoalveolar lavage as a tool for evaluation of cellular alteration during Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infection in cats, 34(10):990-995
Abstract in English:
ABSTRACT.- Ribeiro V.M., Barçante J.M.P., Negrão-Correa D., Barçante T.A., Klein A. & Lima W.S. 2014. Bronchoalveolar lavage as a tool for evaluation of cellular alteration during Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infection in cats. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(10):990-995. Setor de Preventiva, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: joziana@dmv.ufla.br
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a procedure that retrieves cells and other elements from the lungs for evaluation, which helps in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. The aim of this study was to perform this procedure for cellular analysis of BAL fluid alterations during experimental infection with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in cats. Fourteen cats were individually inoculated with 800 third stage larvae of A. abstrusus and five non-infected cats lined as a control group. The BAL procedure was performed through the use of an endotracheal tube on the nineteen cats with a mean age of 18 months, on 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 270 days after infection. Absolute cell counts in the infected cats revealed that alveolar macrophages and eosinophils were the predominant cells following infection. This study shows that the technique allows us to retrieve cells and first stage larvae what provides information about the inflammatory process caused by aelurostrongylosis.
Abstract in Portuguese:
RESUMO.- Ribeiro V.M., Barçante J.M.P., Negrão-Correa D., Barçante T.A., Klein A. & Lima W.S. 2014. Bronchoalveolar lavage as a tool for evaluation of cellular alteration during Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infection in cats. [Lavado broncoalveolar como ferramenta para avaliação de alterações celulares durante a infecção por Aelurostrongylus abstrusus em gatos.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(10):990-995. Setor de Preventiva, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil. E-mail: joziana@dmv.ufla.br
O lavado broncoalveolar (LBA) é um procedimento que permite a recuperação de células e outros elementos pulmonares para avaliação, auxiliando no diagnóstico de doenças pulmonares. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar este procedimento para avaliação das células presentes no fluido broncoalveolar na infecção experimental por Aelurostrongylus abstrusus em gatos. Quatorze animais foram individualmente inoculados com 800 larvas de terceiro estádio de A. abstrusus, enquanto cinco animais não infectados foram mantidos como grupo controle. O LBA foi realizado com uso de um tubo endotraqueal em todos os 19 animais com média de idade de 18 meses, nos dias nos dias 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 e 270 após infecção. A contagem absoluta de células dos animais infectados revelou que macrófagos alveolares e eosinófilos constituíram os tipos celulares predominantes durante todo o período de infecção. Os resultados deste trabalho demonstram que a técnica permite recuperar células e larvas de primeiro estádio de A. abstrusus, fornecendo informações importantes sobre o processo inflamatório causado na aelurostrongilose.
#3 - Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 30(3):229-236
Abstract in English:
RESUMO.- Sczesny-Moraes E.A., Bianchin I., Silva K.F., Catto J.B., Honer M.R. & Paiva F. 2010. [Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.] Resistência anti-helmíntica de nematóides gastrintestinais em ovinos, Mato Grosso do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(3):229-236. Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil. E-mail: eurico_sczesny@hotmail.com
Entre os métodos de controle da verminose gastrintestinal em ovinos, a utilização de produtos químicos é o mais empregado. Porém, o uso indiscriminado e continuado desses produtos tem selecionado populações de helmintos resistentes aos anti-helmínticos, fenômeno relatado no mundo todo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as espécies de parasitos gastrintestinais e diagnosticar a situação da resistência anti-helmíntica em ovinos no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram realizados testes de redução na contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) em rebanhos de dezesseis propriedades rurais; as sete formulações utilizadas continham as seguintes bases farmacológicas: Albendazol, Ivermectina, Levamisole, Triclorfon, Moxidectina, Closantel e uma contendo as três primeiras associadas. As espécies identificadas nas necropsias, em ovinos adultos, foram: Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Cooperia curticei, C. punctata, C. pectinata e Oesophagostomum columbianum; em ordem de prevalência. As formulações contendo Albendazol e Ivermectina não apresentaram eficácia na redução de OPG nos rebanhos testados, com médias de redução de 0,7 e -19,6%, respectivamente. Closantel apresentou eficácia média de 6,7%; Levamisole, Moxidectina e Triclorfon de 28,7, 26,8 e 65%, respectivamente; a associação das três bases (Albendazol, Ivermectina e Levamisole), uma média de eficácia de 55,8%. As percentagens médias de larvas infectantes recuperadas nas coproculturas, tanto no pré como no pós-tratamento, foram semelhantes; indicando que a resistência às bases testadas está presente em todas as espécies citadas, em maior ou menor intensidade. Os dois gêneros predominantemente resistentes são Haemonchus sp., com 86,9%; seguido por Trichostrongylus sp., com média de 47,5%; Strongyloides sp. 33,6%; Oesophagostomum, sp. 21,4% e Cooperia sp. 19,7%.
Abstract in Portuguese:
ABSTRACT.- Sczesny-Moraes E.A., Bianchin I., Silva K.F., Catto J.B., Honer M.R. & Paiva F. 2010. [Anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.] Resistência anti-helmíntica de nematóides gastrintestinais em ovinos, Mato Grosso do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(3):229-236. Departamento de Patologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Cidade Universitária, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil. E-mail: eurico_sczesny@hotmail.com
Among the methods of control of gastrointestinal worms in sheep, the use of chemicals is the most common. However, the continued, and indiscriminate, use of these products has selected populations of resistant helminths to anthelmintics, a phenomenon reported in the whole world. This study aimed to identify the species of gastrointestinal parasites and diagnose the status of anthelmintic resistance in sheep in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil. Feacal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) were performed in flocks of sixteen farms, and the seven formulations used contained the following pharmacological bases: Albendazole, Ivermectin, Levamizol, Trichlorfon, Moxidectin, Closantel and one containing the first three in association. The species identified at necropsy, in adult sheep, were: Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Cooperia curticei, C. punctata, C. pectinata and Oesophagostomum columbianum, in order of prevalence. The formulations containing Albendazole and Ivermectin did not show efficacy in reducing the EPG in the flocks tested, with average reductions of 0.7 and -19.6%, respectively. Closantel presented an average efficacy of 6.7%; Levamisolee, Moxidectin and Trichlorfon, 28.7, 26.8 and 65% respectively, the combination of three bases (Albendazole, Ivermectin and Levamizol), an average efficacy of 55.8 %. The average percentages of infective larvae recovered in the faecal cultures, pre and post treatment were similar, indicating that resistance to the bases tested is present in all species cited, to a greater or lesser degree. The two genera predominantly resistant are Haemonchus sp., with 86.9%, followed by Trichostrongylus sp., with an average of 47.5%, Strongyloides sp. 33.6%, Oesophagostomum sp. 21.4% and Cooperia sp. 19.7%.
#4 - Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul, p.382-386
Abstract in English:
ABSTRACT.- Pierezan F., Rissi D.R., Oliveira Filho J.C., Lucena R.B., Tochetto C., Flores M.M., Rosa F.B & Barros C.S.L. 2009. [Granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis in horses in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(5):382-386. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br
Five cases of granulomatous enteritis associated with cyathostomes are described in horses from three farms in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The cases occurred from January 1999 to December 2007. The clinical course in two cases in which clinical follow-up was available was 10-14 days. Clinical signs presented by two horses were similar and included diarrhea (3/3), weight loss (2/3), pyrexia (1/3), tachycardia (1/3), and tachypnea (1/3). Gross changes consisted of thickening of the wall of large colon and cecum by edema and the occurrence of numerous 1-4mm, dark-tan, slightly raised multifocal pinpoints disseminated throughout the mucosa. Up on the incision of these pinpoints, brown-reddish, small (1-2mm) nematode larvae emerged. Large numbers of parasites with morphology compatible with small strongyles were observed in the lumina of large colon and cecum or adhered to the mucosae of these organs. Histologically, multiple granulomas were seen in the mucosa and submucosa of large colon and cecum. These granulomas consisted of moderate to severe inflammatory infiltrate of macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, and eosinophils surrounded by fewer lymphocytes and plasma cells. In the center of these granulomas, transversal cut sections of parasites with morphology compatible with cyathostomes larvae were observed. Additionally, there was edema and moderate to marked lymphohistioplasmacytic and eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate throughout the mucosa and submucosa of the large colon and cecum; necrosis and lymphohistiocytic proliferation in the submucosal lymphoid follicles, with hyperplasia of goblet cells in the epithelial lining of these organs were also observed. The diagnosis of granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis was made based on epidemiological, clinical, and gross findings which were confirmed by histopathology.
Abstract in Portuguese:
ABSTRACT.- Pierezan F., Rissi D.R., Oliveira Filho J.C., Lucena R.B., Tochetto C., Flores M.M., Rosa F.B & Barros C.S.L. 2009. [Granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis in horses in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(5):382-386. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br
Five cases of granulomatous enteritis associated with cyathostomes are described in horses from three farms in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The cases occurred from January 1999 to December 2007. The clinical course in two cases in which clinical follow-up was available was 10-14 days. Clinical signs presented by two horses were similar and included diarrhea (3/3), weight loss (2/3), pyrexia (1/3), tachycardia (1/3), and tachypnea (1/3). Gross changes consisted of thickening of the wall of large colon and cecum by edema and the occurrence of numerous 1-4mm, dark-tan, slightly raised multifocal pinpoints disseminated throughout the mucosa. Up on the incision of these pinpoints, brown-reddish, small (1-2mm) nematode larvae emerged. Large numbers of parasites with morphology compatible with small strongyles were observed in the lumina of large colon and cecum or adhered to the mucosae of these organs. Histologically, multiple granulomas were seen in the mucosa and submucosa of large colon and cecum. These granulomas consisted of moderate to severe inflammatory infiltrate of macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, and eosinophils surrounded by fewer lymphocytes and plasma cells. In the center of these granulomas, transversal cut sections of parasites with morphology compatible with cyathostomes larvae were observed. Additionally, there was edema and moderate to marked lymphohistioplasmacytic and eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate throughout the mucosa and submucosa of the large colon and cecum; necrosis and lymphohistiocytic proliferation in the submucosal lymphoid follicles, with hyperplasia of goblet cells in the epithelial lining of these organs were also observed. The diagnosis of granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis was made based on epidemiological, clinical, and gross findings which were confirmed by histopathology.
#5 - Relationship of intestinal histology with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in three breeds of sheep, p.43-48
Abstract in English:
ABSTRACT.- Amarante A.F.T., Rocha R.A. & Bricarello P.A. 2006. Relationship of intestinal histology with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in three breeds of sheep. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(1):43-48. Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Cx. Postal 510, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil. E-mail: amarante@ibb.unesp.br
The study was carried out to evaluate the relationship of inflammatory intestinal cells with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections in three breeds of sheep (Santa Ines, Suffolk and Ile de France), naturally infected. Mast cells, eosinophils, and globule leucocytes were enumerated in intestinal mucosa. Histamine concentration was estimated in intestinal tissue samples and the length of male and female specimens were determined. The three breeds of sheep showed similar cellular response in the small intestine mucosa (P>0.05). There was extensive variation among sheep in the parasitological and inflammatory cell variables, even in lambs of the same breed. In general, animals presenting less inflammatory cells had a larger worm burden, higher fecal egg counts, and larger T. colubriformis worms. The inflammatory cells possibly impaired the parasite’s establishment, development, and survival.
Abstract in Portuguese:
ABSTRACT.- Amarante A.F.T., Rocha R.A. & Bricarello P.A. 2006. Relationship of intestinal histology with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection in three breeds of sheep. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(1):43-48. Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Cx. Postal 510, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil. E-mail: amarante@ibb.unesp.br
The study was carried out to evaluate the relationship of inflammatory intestinal cells with the resistance to Trichostrongylus colubriformis infections in three breeds of sheep (Santa Ines, Suffolk and Ile de France), naturally infected. Mast cells, eosinophils, and globule leucocytes were enumerated in intestinal mucosa. Histamine concentration was estimated in intestinal tissue samples and the length of male and female specimens were determined. The three breeds of sheep showed similar cellular response in the small intestine mucosa (P>0.05). There was extensive variation among sheep in the parasitological and inflammatory cell variables, even in lambs of the same breed. In general, animals presenting less inflammatory cells had a larger worm burden, higher fecal egg counts, and larger T. colubriformis worms. The inflammatory cells possibly impaired the parasite’s establishment, development, and survival.
