PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Tassini L.E.S., Leme F.O.P., Veado J.C.C. & Ardnt M.H.L. 2018. Determination of the reference interval for the activity of NAcetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in urine of healthy dogs. [Determinação de intervalo de referência para a atividade da NAcetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) na urina de cães sadios.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38(8):1685-1690. Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, São Luiz, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil. E-mail: tassini.luiz@gmail.com The diagnosis of acute kidney injury by evaluating the activity of urinary enzymes is an important tool especially for its precocity in relation to methods of assessment of renal function considered late as the installation of injury precedes the function change. This study was performed to determine the reference interval for urinary NAG activity (N-Acetyl‑β‑D‑glucosaminidase) in urine of healthy dogs of different breeds, ages and sexes. It was utilized an automated method for the determination of NAG activity standardized for dog urine samples. Through statistical analysis it was observed that NAG is positively correlated with the age of the animal and urine specific gravity but is not interfered by sex or weight. Based on the determination of urinary activity and after correcting the values for a 1,025 urine specific gravity was obtained an reference interval of X ‘= 3.62U/L±0.66U/L.

• Reference interval NAcetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase NAG urine dogs enzimury injury Intervalo de referência urina cães enzimúria injúria.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Tassini L.E.S., Leme F.O.P., Veado J.C.C. & Ardnt M.H.L. 2018. Determination of the reference interval for the activity of NAcetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in urine of healthy dogs. [Determinação de intervalo de referência para a atividade da NAcetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) na urina de cães sadios.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 38(8):1685-1690. Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Pampulha, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, São Luiz, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil. E-mail: tassini.luiz@gmail.com O diagnóstico da injúria renal aguda pela avaliação da atividade de enzimas urinárias é uma importante ferramenta para o médico veterinário, especialmente por sua precocidade em relação aos métodos de avaliação da função renal, considerados tardios, visto que a instalação da injúria precede a alteração da função. Neste estudo foi realizada a determinação do intervalo de referência médio para a atividade urinária de NAG (N-Acetyl- β-D-Glucosaminidase), em urinas de cães hígidos, de diferentes raças, sexos e faixas etárias. Para isso, trabalhou-se com um método automatizado para determinação da atividade de NAG, padronizado para amostras de urina de cães. Por meio de análise estatística, observou-se que a NAG apresenta correlação positiva com a idade do animal e com a densidade urinária, mas não sofre interferência quanto ao sexo ou peso. Com base na determinação da atividade urinária e após corrigir os valores para uma densidade de 1,025, obteve-se um intervalo de referência médio de X´ = 3,62U/L±0,66U/L.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Caragelasco D.S., Kogika M.M., Martorelli C.R., Kanayama K.K. & Simões D. M.N. 2017. Urine protein electrophoresis study in dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism during therapy with trilostane. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(7):734-740. Departamento de Clinica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: mv.douglas@usp.br Hyperadrenocorticism is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs. Regarding to the kidneys, chronic hypercortisolemia can cause damage to the glomerulus, and evolve into chronic kidney disease. This study evaluated nine normotensive dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism, before and after therapy with trilostane, during the follow-up period of six months, in order to investigate the development of pathological proteinuria by quantitative (urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio) and qualitative (urinary protein electrophoresis) methods, and also to monitor its intensity over the course of the disease and therapy. The main renal lesion detected in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism was in the tubular segment, evidenced by the prevalence of urinary protein bands of lower molecular weight, indicating the lack absorption of these proteins in the proximal segment of the nephron. Low molecular weight proteins persisted throughout the follow-up. Regarding the future of routine veterinary medical clinic in the care of patients with hyperadrenocorticism, the assessments of proteinuria determinations by the urinary protein-to-creatinin ratio and urinary protein electrophoresis, according to the results obtained in this study, can add more information about the renal damage in these animals, and contribute to the prognosis.

• Hyperadrenocorticism proteinuria trilostane hiperadrenocorticismo proteinúria trilostano

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Caragelasco D.S., Kogika M.M., Martorelli C.R., Kanayama K.K. & Simões D. M.N. 2017. Urine protein electrophoresis study in dogs with pituitary dependent hyperadrenocorticism during therapy with trilostane. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(7):734-740. Departamento de Clinica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: mv.douglas@usp.br Hiperadrenocorticismo (HAC) é uma das doenças endócrinas mais comuns em cães. A hipercortisolemia crônica pode causar danos glomerulares, pelo aumento da taxa de filtração glomerular, podendo levar ao desenvolvimento de doença renal crônica. Este estudo avaliou nove cães normotensos com hiperadrenocorticismo hipófise-dependente, antes e após a terapia com trilostano, durante o período de acompanhamento de seis meses, a fim de investigar o desenvolvimento de proteinúria patológica por métodos quantitativo (relação proteína e creatinina urinária) e qualitativos (eletroforese de proteínas urinárias) e também para monitorar a sua intensidade ao longo do curso da doença e terapia. A principal lesão renal detectada em cães com HAC foi no segmento tubular, evidenciada pela prevalência de bandas de proteínas urinárias de peso molecular mais baixo, indicando a falta de absorção destas proteínas no segmento proximal do néfron. A proteinúria de baixo peso molecular persistiu durante todo o acompanhamento. Em relação ao futuro da rotina clínica médica veterinária no tratamento de cães com hiperadrenocorticismo, as avaliações de proteinúria pela relação proteína e creatinina urinária e eletroforese de proteínas urinárias, de acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo, podem adicionar mais informações sobre a lesão renal nestes animais e contribuir para o prognóstico.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Pimentel M.M.L., Santos F.A., Teixeira A.C.G., Izzo R.G., Lima M.A., Macedo M.F. & Bezerra M.B. 2017. Biochemical, thermographic, and follicular responses of murine models of hormone-treated bovine ovarian renal capsule xenografts. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(5):425-431. Laboratorio de Transplante de Gónadas e de Produção de Embriões In Vitro, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Av. Francisco Mota 572, Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: murielpimentel@yahoo.com.br This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of two different murine models of hormone-treated renal-encapsulated bovine ovarian tissue xenotransplantation. Two immunodeficient mouse models (BALB/c Nude and C57BL6 SCID) were xenografted with ovarian pieces from heifers and each group was subjected to two hormonal treatments of eCG or a combination of FSH+LH. Donor ovaries and recipients were evaluated by histology and infrared thermography at different times. At the time of xenograft collection, animals were evaluated for alterations in hepatorenal biochemistry. The statistical test used in the study was ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test. Among the strains, 80% of C57BL6 SCID and 77% of BALB/c Nude mice showed development and vascularization of the transplanted tissue, which acquired cyclicity at 19 and 9 days post-transplant, respectively. Hemorrhagic follicles in xenografts induced with FSH+LH were found in the C57BL6 SCID strain. Infrared thermography was insufficient to distinguish the tissue donor recipient. In conclusion, the C57BL6 SCID strain appears to be the best host for ovarian xenografts, since the transplants in these mice were viable and showed robust follicular development. This work will aid future choices of immunodeficient strains for xenografting procedures.

• Xenotransplantation ovary Xenotransplante ovário

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Pimentel M.M.L., Santos F.A., Teixeira A.C.G., Izzo R.G., Lima M.A., Macedo M.F. & Bezerra M.B. 2017. Biochemical, thermographic, and follicular responses of murine models of hormone-treated bovine ovarian renal capsule xenografts. [Respostas bioquímicas, termográficas e foliculares de modelos murinos tratados hormonalmente após xenotransplante de ovário bovino sob a cápsula renal.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(5):425-431. Laboratorio de Transplante de Gónadas e de Produção de Embriões In Vitro, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Av. Francisco Mota 572, Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: murielpimentel@yahoo.com.br Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as características dos dois diferentes modelos de murinas tratadas hormonalmente após xenotransplante de tecido ovariano bovino sob a cápsula renal. Dois modelos de camundongos imunodeficientes (BALB/c NUDE e C57BL6 SCID) receberam fragmentos de ovário de novilhas e cada grupo foi submetido a dois tratamentos hormonais de eCG ou uma combinação de FSH+LH. Ovários doadores e receptores foram avaliados por histologia e termografia infravermelha em diferentes momentos. No momento da retirada do xenotranplante, os animais foram avaliados quanto a alterações na bioquímica hepatorrenal. O teste estatístico utilizado no estudo foi ANOVA, seguido do teste de Tukey. Entre as linhagens, 80% de C57BL6 SCID e 77% das BALB/c NUDE mostraram desenvolvimento e vascularização do tecido transplantado, que adquiriu a ciclicidade 19 e 9 dias após o transplante, respectivamente. Corpos hemorrágicos foram encontrados após o xenotransplante induzidos com FSH+LH na linhagem C57BL6 SCID. A termografia infravermelha foi insuficiente para distinguir o tecido doador do receptor. Em conclusão, a linhagem C57BL6 SCID demonstrou ser o melhor hospedeiro para xenotransplante de ovário, uma vez que os transplantes nestes camundongos foram viáveis e mostraram desenvolvimento folicular. Este trabalho ajudará futuras escolhas de linhagens imunodeficientes para procedimentos de xenotranplante.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Greghi G.F., Netto A.S., Schalch U.M., Bonato C.S., Santana R.S.S., Cunha J.A., Silva S.L. & Zanetti M.A. 2014. [Anionic mineral supplement to cows in the peripartum: blood, urine parameters and incidence of diseases of importance in dairy cattle.] Suplemento mineral aniônico para vacas no periparto: parâmetros sanguíneos, urinários e incidência de patologias de importância na bovinocultura leiteira. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(4):337-342. Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Zootecnia de Engenharia de Alimentos , Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte 255, Pirassununga, SP 13630-000, Brazil. E-mail: giselegreghi@usp.br To evaluate the effect of anionic mineral supplement on blood and urine parameters and incidence of hypocalcemia and retained placenta, eighteen 5 to 10-year-old dairy cows of 7/8 Holstein black and white breed weighing 440-620 kg were divided in complete block according to their parity order into two groups: control (DCAB = 46.38mEq/kg DM) and treatment (with added anionic mineral supplement anion and DCAB = -249.28mEq/kg DM). Total calcium levels and pH were monitored in urine and blood serum; TCO2, pCO2, HCO3, base excess, ionized calcium, Na, K, Se in blood; score body condition, hematocrit and hemoglobin. Blood, urine and ECC data were submitted to the SAS Proc Means (2000) with analysis of variance of 5% and Tukey test, the incidence of retained placenta analyzed by Mann-Whitney (P<0.07) and serum Se concentration by Student’s t test (P<0.05), both by GraphPad Prism 5.0. The anionic mineral supplement decreased the values of TCO2, pCO2 , HCO3 and BE in blood with less weight loss, but the variation of pH and calcium was restricted to time. The anionic mineral supplement did not cause mild metabolic acidosis desired and therefore did not prevent hypocalcemia. However, by presenting Se in its composition, provided greater concentration of this serum micronutrient and contributed to lower retention of placenta.

• Anionic mineral supplement suplemento mineral aniônico

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Greghi G.F., Netto A.S., Schalch U.M., Bonato C.S., Santana R.S.S., Cunha J.A., Silva S.L. & Zanetti M.A. 2014. [Anionic mineral supplement to cows in the peripartum: blood, urine parameters and incidence of diseases of importance in dairy cattle.] Suplemento mineral aniônico para vacas no periparto: parâmetros sanguíneos, urinários e incidência de patologias de importância na bovinocultura leiteira. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(4):337-342. Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Zootecnia de Engenharia de Alimentos , Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Duque de Caxias Norte 255, Pirassununga, SP 13630-000, Brazil. E-mail: giselegreghi@usp.br A fim de avaliar o efeito do suplemento mineral aniônico sobre parâmetros sanguíneos, urinários e incidência de hipocalcemia e retenção de placenta, dezoito vacas de aptidão leiteira com grau de sangue 7/8 Holandesa preta e branca, com 440-620 kg e 5-10 anos, foram divididas com delineamento em blocos em função da ordem de parto em dois grupos: controle (BCAD=46,38mEq/kg de MS) e tratamento (com adição de suplemento mineral aniônico e BCAD = -249,28mEq/kg de MS). Foram monitorados níveis de cálcio total e pH na urina e soro sanguíneo; TCO2, pCO2, HCO3, excesso de base, cálcio ionizado, Na, K, Se no sangue; escore de condição corporal, hematócrito e hemoglobina. Os dados sanguíneos, urinários e ECC foram submetidos ao Proc Means do SAS (2000) com análise de variância a 5% e teste de Tukey e a incidência de retenção de placenta analisada por Mann-Whitney (P<0,07) e a concentração sérica de Se por teste t de Student (P<0,05), ambos pelo GraphPad Prism 5.0. O suplemento mineral aniônico diminuiu os valores de TCO2, pCO2, HCO3 e EB no sangue com menor perda de peso, mas a variação de pH e cálcio foi restrita ao tempo. O suplemento mineral aniônico não provocou leve acidose metabólica desejada e, consequentemente, não preveniu a hipocalcemia. Contudo, por apresentar Se em sua composição, proporcionou maior concentração deste micronutriente no soro e contribuiu para menor retenção de placenta.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Mazutti K., Locatelli-Dittrich R., Lunardon I., Kuchiishi S.S., Lara A.C., Zotti E. & Alberton G.C. 2013. Evaluation of the reagent test strips and microscopic examination of urine in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in sows. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(9):1103-1108. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Medicina Veterinária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Campus Curitiba, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil. E-mail: kelly.mazutti@pucpr.br The diagnosis of the urinary tract infection (UTI) in sows is usually performed by using reagent test strips, since it is a fast and practical method, and capable of being done at the farm. The microscopic examination of the urine is rarely used at the farm since it is a more time consuming and difficult technique. However, there are no studies on the accuracy of those two techniques for the UTI diagnosis on this species. This study aims to assess the accuracy of the reagent test strip and the urine microscopic examination in the diagnosis of ITU in sows, comparing them with the bacteriological examination of urine. In order to select the sows for this study, a chemical reagent test strip was carried out previously and a total of 139 sows were selected, 66 sows of which showed positivity to nitrite in the reagent test strip and 73 without nitrituria. Then, the next day, a new sample collection for performing a complete urinalysis was carried out from those 139 sows, which included physical, chemical, microscopic and microbiological examination of these urine samples. The results revealed that the nitrite test of the reagent strip showed 100% of specificity and 93% of sensitivity. The specificity of the microscopic examination for bacteriuria was 82% and the sensitivity was 100%. The UTI diagnosis by using reagent strips and/or the urine sediment test is reliable if compared to the urine bacteriological examination, which makes possible the rapid diagnosis of UTI in sows at the farm.

• Urinary tract infection cystitis Escherichia coli leukocyte esterase cistite esterase leucocitária

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Mazutti K., Locatelli-Dittrich R., Lunardon I., Kuchiishi S.S., Lara A.C., Zotti E. & Alberton G.C. 2013. Evaluation of the reagent test strips and microscopic examination of urine in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in sows. [Precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de infecções do trato urinário em porcas.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(9):1103-1108. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Medicina Veterinária, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Campus Curitiba, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, Prado Velho, Curitiba, PR 80215-901, Brazil. E-mail: kelly.mazutti@pucpr.br O diagnóstico de infecção do trato urinário (ITU) em porcas geralmente é feito com o auxílio de tiras reagentes, por ser um método rápido, prático e passível de ser realizado na própria granja. O exame microscópico da urina raramente é utilizado em granjas por ser uma técnica mais demorada e trabalhosa. No entanto, não existem estudos sobre a precisão destas duas técnicas no diagnóstico de ITU nesta espécie. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a precisão da tira reagente e do exame microscópico da urina no diagnóstico de ITU em porcas, comparando-os com o exame bacteriológico da urina. Para selecionar as porcas que iriam compor o estudo foi realizado um exame químico prévio com tira reagente, do qual foram selecionadas 139 porcas, 66 positivas para nitrito na tira reagente e 73 negativas. No dia seguinte foi realizada uma nova coleta de urina destas 139 porcas para realização da urinálise completa, que incluiu os exames físico, químico, microscópico e microbiológico destas amostras de urina. Os resultados demonstraram que a prova de nitrito da tira reagente apresentou 100% de especificidade e 93% de sensibilidade. A especificidade do exame microscópico para bacteriúria foi de 82% e a sensibilidade de 100%. O diagnóstico de ITU com o uso de tiras reagentes e/ou com exame microscópico da urina é confiável, quando comparado com o exame bacteriológico da urina, o que torna possível o diagnóstico rápido de ITU em porcas na granja.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Costa M.C., Flaiban K.K.M.C., Coneglian M.M., Feitosa F.L.F., Balarin M.R.S. & Lisbôa J.A.N. 2008. [Passive transfer of immunity in Nelore and Limousin calves and serum proteinogram in the first four months of life.] Transferência de imunidade passiva em bezerros das raças Nelore e Limousin e proteinograma sérico nos primeiros quatro meses de vida. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(9):410-416. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brazil. E-mail: janlisboa@uel.br To study the passive transfer of immunity, 90 healthy calves, 45 Nelore and 45 Limousin, were grouped (n=15) according to their dam’s parity: first, second or third or more calvings. Blood samples were draw from each calf with 24 to 36 hours of life and 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. The total serum (TSP) and plasma (TPP) proteins, gamaglutamiltransferase activity (GGT), serum albumin, alpha, beta and gammaglobulin by electrophoresis in agarose gel and IgG estimated by the zinc sulphate turbidity test were determined. Two-way-ANOVA was used to compare the data in the first age. The age behaviour was analysed through repeated measures ANOVA. Correlations were established between the variables. The passive transfer of immunity was successful in both breeds and the parity of the dam had no effect on the calves’ serum gammaglobulin concentration. The levels of gammaglobulins were higher at the end of the first day of life, and decreased until 60 days. From there on, the increase due to the active production of antibodies was precocious in taurine calves and slower in Zebu calves. At the end of the first day of life, the gammaglobulin was correlated with IgG (r=0,859), TPP (r=0,807), TSP (r=0,811) and GGT (r=0,399). The variation of serum proteins followed the normal pattern throughout the first four months of life, with little differences between taurine and Zebu calves.

• Calves Zebu taurine serum proteins immunoglobulins

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Costa M.C., Flaiban K.K.M.C., Coneglian M.M., Feitosa F.L.F., Balarin M.R.S. & Lisbôa J.A.N. 2008. [Passive transfer of immunity in Nelore and Limousin calves and serum proteinogram in the first four months of life.] Transferência de imunidade passiva em bezerros das raças Nelore e Limousin e proteinograma sérico nos primeiros quatro meses de vida. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(9):410-416. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brazil. E-mail: janlisboa@uel.br To study the passive transfer of immunity, 90 healthy calves, 45 Nelore and 45 Limousin, were grouped (n=15) according to their dam’s parity: first, second or third or more calvings. Blood samples were draw from each calf with 24 to 36 hours of life and 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days. The total serum (TSP) and plasma (TPP) proteins, gamaglutamiltransferase activity (GGT), serum albumin, alpha, beta and gammaglobulin by electrophoresis in agarose gel and IgG estimated by the zinc sulphate turbidity test were determined. Two-way-ANOVA was used to compare the data in the first age. The age behaviour was analysed through repeated measures ANOVA. Correlations were established between the variables. The passive transfer of immunity was successful in both breeds and the parity of the dam had no effect on the calves’ serum gammaglobulin concentration. The levels of gammaglobulins were higher at the end of the first day of life, and decreased until 60 days. From there on, the increase due to the active production of antibodies was precocious in taurine calves and slower in Zebu calves. At the end of the first day of life, the gammaglobulin was correlated with IgG (r=0,859), TPP (r=0,807), TSP (r=0,811) and GGT (r=0,399). The variation of serum proteins followed the normal pattern throughout the first four months of life, with little differences between taurine and Zebu calves.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Costa M.C., Flaiban K.K.M.C., Coneglian M.M., Dognani R., Vettorato E.D., Balarin M.R.S. & Lisbôa J.A.N. 2008. [Neutrophil oxidative burst in Nelore and Limousin calves in the first four months of life.] Metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos de bezerros das raças Nelore e Limousin nos primeiros quatro meses de vida. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(9):431-436. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brazil. E-mail: janlisboa@uel.br To study some defence mechanisms of beef calves kept on range conditions, 90 healthy calves, 45 Nelore and 45 Limousin, were bled at 24 to 36 hours of life, 15, 30, 60, 90 and, 120 days. Leukogram and neutrophil oxidative burst through the non-stimulated and the stimulated NBT tests were determined. The parasitemia with Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and B. bovis was investigated. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse the age effect on leukocyte counts. Variation of positive neutrophil throughout the age was analysed through Krushkal-Wallis test. Comparisons among breeds were done using the Mann-Whithney test. The white blood cell count increased with age in both breeds, with a decrease in neutrophil and an increase in lymphocyte counts. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio had been inverted before 15 days of life. The neutrophil oxidative burst was less effective in the newborn calves increasing with age. Limousin calves’ neutrophils had higher capacity to reduce NBT in advanced ages. The observed differences between taurine and Zebu calves had no effects on calves’ health and could be atributed to Anaplasma marginale natural and asynptomatic infection.

• Beef calf Zebu taurine NBT Anaplasma marginale

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Costa M.C., Flaiban K.K.M.C., Coneglian M.M., Dognani R., Vettorato E.D., Balarin M.R.S. & Lisbôa J.A.N. 2008. [Neutrophil oxidative burst in Nelore and Limousin calves in the first four months of life.] Metabolismo oxidativo dos neutrófilos de bezerros das raças Nelore e Limousin nos primeiros quatro meses de vida. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(9):431-436. Departamento de Clínicas Veterinárias, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Campus Universitário, Cx. Postal 6001, Londrina, PR 86051-990, Brazil. E-mail: janlisboa@uel.br To study some defence mechanisms of beef calves kept on range conditions, 90 healthy calves, 45 Nelore and 45 Limousin, were bled at 24 to 36 hours of life, 15, 30, 60, 90 and, 120 days. Leukogram and neutrophil oxidative burst through the non-stimulated and the stimulated NBT tests were determined. The parasitemia with Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and B. bovis was investigated. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse the age effect on leukocyte counts. Variation of positive neutrophil throughout the age was analysed through Krushkal-Wallis test. Comparisons among breeds were done using the Mann-Whithney test. The white blood cell count increased with age in both breeds, with a decrease in neutrophil and an increase in lymphocyte counts. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio had been inverted before 15 days of life. The neutrophil oxidative burst was less effective in the newborn calves increasing with age. Limousin calves’ neutrophils had higher capacity to reduce NBT in advanced ages. The observed differences between taurine and Zebu calves had no effects on calves’ health and could be atributed to Anaplasma marginale natural and asynptomatic infection.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Filappi A.R., Prestes D.S., Antes F.G., Flores E.L.M., Dressler V.L., Flores E.M.M. & Cecim M. 2008. [Metabolism and distribution of fluor in lambs chronically treated with sodium fluoride.] Metabolismo e distribuição do flúor em ovinos jovens tratados cronicamente com fluoreto de sódio. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(2):124-128. Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: afilappi@bol.com.br The objective of the present study was to evaluate fluorine metabolism in growing lambs. Twelve 5-month-old male lambs maintained on alfalfa hay (3% BW) and non-fluorinated water ad libitum were used. Animals were allocated into Control, receiving 5g NaCl/animal/day + 0.2mg I/kg dry matter) and Treated group, receiving the same treatment plus sodium fluoride (4.7mg F/kg body weight). Mineral treatment was given by gavage, daily for 150 days. Blood, urine and fecal samples were collected during and the end of the experiment. At the end of treatment period animals were euthanized and kidney, pineal and bone samples were collected. Urine F was higher in treated animals throughout the experiment. Bone F levels were also increased in treated animals; pineal F content however, was not different between groups. Kidney histology revealed no differences. It is concluded that chronic F administration induces accumulation of the element in the skeleton. However such fact appears not to be detrimental to animals. Rates of F accumulation in bone and urine excretion obtained in other species can not be used in growing lambs.

• Fluoride sheep serum urine bone

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Filappi A.R., Prestes D.S., Antes F.G., Flores E.L.M., Dressler V.L., Flores E.M.M. & Cecim M. 2008. [Metabolism and distribution of fluor in lambs chronically treated with sodium fluoride.] Metabolismo e distribuição do flúor em ovinos jovens tratados cronicamente com fluoreto de sódio. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(2):124-128. Departamento de Clínica de Grandes Animais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: afilappi@bol.com.br The objective of the present study was to evaluate fluorine metabolism in growing lambs. Twelve 5-month-old male lambs maintained on alfalfa hay (3% BW) and non-fluorinated water ad libitum were used. Animals were allocated into Control, receiving 5g NaCl/animal/day + 0.2mg I/kg dry matter) and Treated group, receiving the same treatment plus sodium fluoride (4.7mg F/kg body weight). Mineral treatment was given by gavage, daily for 150 days. Blood, urine and fecal samples were collected during and the end of the experiment. At the end of treatment period animals were euthanized and kidney, pineal and bone samples were collected. Urine F was higher in treated animals throughout the experiment. Bone F levels were also increased in treated animals; pineal F content however, was not different between groups. Kidney histology revealed no differences. It is concluded that chronic F administration induces accumulation of the element in the skeleton. However such fact appears not to be detrimental to animals. Rates of F accumulation in bone and urine excretion obtained in other species can not be used in growing lambs.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Oliveira C.M.C., Barbosa J.D., Pfeifer I.B. & Cardoso D.P. 2003. [The blood and urinary values in the pre and post-parturient period of buffaloes, kept on exclusive pasture feeding.] Parâmetros sangüineos e urinários, no pré e pós-parto, de búfalas criadas em sistema exclusivo de pastejo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 23(2):87-92. Central de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Maximino Porpino 1000, Castanhal, PA 68740-080, Brazil. E-mail: diomedes@ufpa.br Eight lactating buffaloes of the Murrah breed were used from 60 days before up to 60 days after calving, in order to evaluate alterations in the concentration of blood glucose, total plasmatic protein, haematocrit and the presence of ketonic bodies in the urine. The 5 to 10-year old buffaloes were clinically healthy and had had at least two lactations. During the experimental period the animais were maintained on Brachiaria brizantha pasture and · supplemented with a mineral mixture and water. The media concentrations of blood glucose and the media values of the haematocrit diminished significantly after calving (p<0,05). The concentrations of total plasmatic protein did not show significant variation during the pre and post-parturient period. The ketonic bodies in the pre-parturient period were only detected in the urine of one buffaloe, but after the 32nd day of lactation ketonic bodies were detected in ali animais. There was a direct relationship between the color of the urine positive by the Rothera test and blood glucose concentrations. lt can be concluded that at the beginning of lactation the buffaloes had an energetic deficit, characterized by a decline of blood glucose concentrations and the presence of ketonic bodies in the urine, and that lactation caused a progressive decline of the hematocrit, but that the concentration of total plasmatic protein did not vary during the pre and post-parturient period.

• Buffaloes ketonic bodies lactation metabolic perfil urine Búfalas corpos cetônicos lactação perfil metabólico urina.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Oliveira C.M.C., Barbosa J.D., Pfeifer I.B. & Cardoso D.P. 2003. [The blood and urinary values in the pre and post-parturient period of buffaloes, kept on exclusive pasture feeding.] Parâmetros sangüineos e urinários, no pré e pós-parto, de búfalas criadas em sistema exclusivo de pastejo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 23(2):87-92. Central de Diagnóstico da Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Maximino Porpino 1000, Castanhal, PA 68740-080, Brazil. E-mail: diomedes@ufpa.br Foi avaliada a ocorrência de alterações nas concentrações de glicose sangüínea, proteína plasmática total; hematócrito e presença de corpos cetônicos na urina de oito búfalas leiteiras da raça Murrah, com idade variando entre 5 e 10 anos, com no mínimo duas lactações, clinicamente sadias, desde 60 dias antes até 60 dias pós-parto. As concentrações médias de glicose sangüínea e o valor médio do hematócrito diminuíram significativamente no pós-parto (p<0,05). As concentrações de proteína plasmática total não sofreram variações significativas do pré para o pós-parto. No período préparto os corpos cetônicos só foram detectados na urina de uma búfala; entretanto, a partir do 32º dia de lactação foram detectados em todos os animais. Houve uma relação direta entre a coloração da urina positiva para o teste de Rothera e as concentrações de glicose sangüínea. Pode-se concluir que na fase inicial da lactação as búfalas utilizadas sofreram um déficit energético, caracterizado pela diminuição nas concentrações sangüíneas de glicose e presença de corpos cetônicos na urina, e que a lactação causou um declínio progressivo no hematócrito, enquanto que as concentrações da proteína plasmática total não sofreram variações do pré para o pós-parto.

Abstract in English:

An outbreak of acute diarrhoea in a mouse breeding colony was studied. In order to identify a causal pathogen of the diarrhoeic process a virological study was carried out. A homogenate of intestine originating from four diseased Young (21 days) animals was submitted to clarification and ultracentrifugation (100,000 g for 3 hours). The resulting sediment was processed for negative staining electron microscopy (EM) and inoculated into HEp-2 cell cultures. A cytopathic effect (CPE) resembling that of enteroviruses developed in these cultures. Homegenate of infected HEp-2 cells was clarified and inoculated in LLC-MK2 cell cultures and newborn swiss mice. Newborn mice developed spastic paralysis and LLC-MK2 cultures also presented enterovirus type CPE. Brain frozen sections of the inoculated animals were tested by Indirect Immunofluorescence (FA) and showed specific fluorescence for B4 coxsackievirus. The neutralization test (NT) in cell cultures, carried out with viral suspension originating from LLC-MK2 cultures, confirmed that coxsackie B4 was the isolated virus.

• Mouse diarrhoea coxsackievirus

Abstract in Portuguese:

Com o intuito de se identificar o eventual agente causador de diarréia aguda em uma colônia de criação de camundóngos brancos suíços, materiais de animais doentes foram estudados através de técnicas virológicas. O homogenato de intestinos originários de quatro animais (21 dias) doentes foi submetido à clarificação e ultracentrifugação (100.000 g por 3 horas). O sedimento resultante foi processado por coloração negativa e observado ao microscópio eletrônico (EM) e inoculado em culturas de células HEp-2. Estas culturas desenvolveram efeito citopático semelhante ao dos enterovírus. O homogenato de células HEp-2 infectadas foi clarificado e inoculado em células LLC-MK2 e em camundongos recém-natos por via intracerebral (branco suíço). Os animais desenvolveram paralisia espástica e as culturas de células LLC-MK2 também apresentaram efeito semelhante ao dos enterovírus. Seções de cérebro congelado de animais inoculados, foram testadas por imunofluorescência indireta (FA) e mostraram fluorescência específica para coxsackievírus grupo B4. O teste de neutralização (NT), em cultura de células, foi realizado com a suspensão originária de culturas de células LLC-MK2 infectadas e confirmou o isolamento do vírus Coxsackie B4.

• Camundongo diarréia coxsackievírus