Resultado da pesquisa (5)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa Leptospires

#1 - Evidence and implications of pigs as genital carriers of Leptospira spp. in the Caatinga biome

Abstract in English:

The Caatinga biome is unique to Brazil, with unfavorable environmental characteristics for the survival of Leptospira spp. However, recent studies have shown high positivity at PCR (polymerase chain reaction) in small ruminants. There are no Leptospira spp. studies based on sample calculation in pigs in the Caatinga. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of pigs in the spread of leptospirosis in the Caatinga biome. Overall, 200 biological samples (urine, blood, vaginal fluid, and tissues of reproductive and urinary tracts) were collected from 40 slaughtered sows, and MAT (microscopic agglutination test) and PCR tests were carried out to detect anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies and the agent’s DNA, respectively. The serological analysis showed a positivity rate of 5% (2/40), and the PCR identified Leptospira spp. DNA in 62.5% (25/40) of the animals. Only 2.5% (1/40) of the animals were positive for both techniques. The detected serogroups were Australis (50%) and Bataviae (50%), with antibody titers of 25 and 50. Leptospira spp. DNA was detected in 40% (16/40) of the reproductive tract samples, 32.5% (13/40) of the urinary tract, 32.5% (13/40) of the vaginal fluid and 30% (12/40) of the urine. There was no agreement (Kappa <0) between PCR samples from the genital tract vs. urinary tract or serological results. Genetic sequencing of one urine and one urinary tract tissue sample revealed 99% identity with L. borgpetersenii. The results indicate that leptospirosis is a concern in pigs in the context of Caatinga, with a high prevalence of infection detected by different diagnostic methods. The molecular analysis revealed a considerable proportion of infected animals. The findings emphasize the importance of a multifaceted approach in the diagnosis of leptospirosis in pigs, with a focus on the use of genital tract samples for the diagnosis of leptospirosis in this animal species, providing valuable insights for the control and prevention of this disease in both animals and the zoonotic context. Finally, the detection of leptospires in the genital tract indicates a possibility of male-female transmission in the venereal context.

Abstract in Portuguese:

O bioma Caatinga é único no Brasil, com características ambientais desfavoráveis à sobrevivência de Leptospira spp. Porém, estudos recentes demonstraram alta positividade na PCR (reação em cadeia da polimerase) em pequenos ruminantes. Não existem estudos para a infecção por Leptospira spp. baseados em cálculo amostral em suínos na Caatinga. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a importância dos suínos na disseminação da leptospirose no bioma Caatinga. Foram coletadas 200 amostras biológicas (urina, sangue, fluido vaginal e tecidos do trato reprodutivo e urinário) de 40 porcas abatidas e realizados testes SAM (teste de soroaglutinação microscópica) e PCR para detecção de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. e DNA do agente, respectivamente. A análise sorológica mostrou taxa de positividade de 5% (2/40) e a PCR identificou o DNA de Leptospira spp. em 62,5% (25/40) dos animais. Apenas 2,5% (1/40) dos animais foram positivos para ambas as técnicas. Os sorogrupos detectados foram Australis (50%) e Bataviae (50%), com títulos de anticorpos de 25 e 50. O DNA de Leptospira spp. foi detectado em 40% (16/40) das amostras do trato reprodutivo, 32,5% (13/40) do trato urinário, 32,5% (13/40) do fluido vaginal e 30% (12/40) de urina. Não houve concordância (Kappa <0) entre amostras de PCR do trato genital vs. trato urinário ou resultados sorológicos. O sequenciamento genético de uma amostra de urina e de uma amostra de tecido do trato urinário revelou 99% de identidade com L. borgpetersenii. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a leptospirose representa uma preocupação em suínos no contexto da Caatinga, com alta prevalência de infecção detectada por diferentes métodos diagnósticos, bem como análises moleculares revelaram proporção considerável de animais infectados. Os resultados enfatizam a importância de uma abordagem multifacetada no diagnóstico da leptospirose em suínos, com foco no uso de amostras do trato genital para o diagnóstico da leptospirose nesta espécie animal, fornecendo informações valiosas para o controle e prevenção desta doença em animais e no contexto zoonótico. Por fim, a detecção de leptospiras no trato genital indica possibilidade de transmissão macho-fêmea no contexto venéreo.


#2 - Antibody revealed by growth inhibition test the of leptospires in vitro (GIT) against serovars Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Copenhageni in adult dogs revaccinated annually with commercial vaccine, 33(5):627-634

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Rodrigues A.M.A., Vasconcelos S.A., Gonçales A.P., Moraes Z.M., Souza G.O. & Hagiwara M.K. 2013. [Antibody revealed by growth inhibition test the of leptospires in vitro (GIT) against serovars Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Copenhageni in adult dogs revaccinated annually with commercial vaccine containing serovars Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Pomona bacterins.] Anticorpos revelados pelo teste de inibição do crescimento de leptospiras in vitro (TICL) contra os sorovares Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae e Copenhageni em cães adultos revacinados anualmente com vacina comercial contendo bacterinas dos sorovares Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa e Pomona. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(5):627-634. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: mitika.hagiwara@gmail.com Currently, the serovar Copenhageni is the representative of serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae maintained in synanthropic rodents found most frequently in dogs and humans in metropolitan areas of Brazil. Despite some authors have suggested the existence of cross-protection between serovars included in the same serogroup, this condition has not yet been sufficiently clarified for serovars Icterohaemorrhagiae and Copenhageni. In the present work, 2 to 6-year-old dogs, vaccinated at 60, 90 and 120 days of age and thereafter, revaccinated annually with commercial vaccine containing Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Pomona bacterins were evaluated as to the immune status against leptospirosis before and 30 days after revaccination. Mycroscopic agglutination test (MAT) and in vitro growth inhibition test (GIT) were performed to search for agglutinating anti-Leptospira antibodies and neutralizing anti-Leptospira antibodies, respectively for serovars Canicola and Icterohaemorrhagiae, and additionally, for serovar Copenhageni, not included in the vaccine. The results showed that the immunity conferred by the vaccine to serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae is more lasting than that observed for serovar Canicola, since neutralizing antibody titers >1.0 log10 were observed before the booster vaccination with no substantial increase after revaccination. As for the serovar Canicola, revaccination resulted in a considerable increase in neutralizing antibody titer when compared to the one observed previously to the revaccination (p=0.001). The analysis of the data obtained by GIT allowed us to conclude that dogs given vaccine containing Icterohaemorrhagiae bacterin did not produce neutralizing antibodies against serovar Copenhageni enough to inhibit leptopiral growth at the same level as occurred for the homologous serovar. Despite this, the GIT titer found for serovar Copenhageni before and after revaccination showed that at least, some level of protection could be expected for dogs vaccinated with serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae bacterin, not a complete cross protection.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Rodrigues A.M.A., Vasconcelos S.A., Gonçales A.P., Moraes Z.M., Souza G.O. & Hagiwara M.K. 2013. [Antibody revealed by growth inhibition test the of leptospires in vitro (GIT) against serovars Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae and Copenhageni in adult dogs revaccinated annually with commercial vaccine containing serovars Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa and Pomona bacterins.] Anticorpos revelados pelo teste de inibição do crescimento de leptospiras in vitro (TICL) contra os sorovares Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae e Copenhageni em cães adultos revacinados anualmente com vacina comercial contendo bacterinas dos sorovares Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa e Pomona. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(5):627-634. Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: mitika.hagiwara@gmail.com Na atualidade, o sorovar Copenhageni é o representante do sorogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae, mantido por roedores sinantrópicos, que tem prevalecido nos cães e seres humanos das grandes metrópoles brasileiras. A despeito de alguns autores sugerirem a existência de proteção cruzada entre sorovares incluídos em um mesmo sorogrupo esta condição ainda não foi suficientemente esclarecida para os sorovares Icterohaemorrhagiae e Copenhageni. No presente trabalho cães adultos com dois a seis anos de idade primo-vacinados com três doses intervaladas de 30 dias a partir dos 60 dias de idade e revacinados anualmente com vacina anti-leptospirose polivalente contendo os sorovares Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Grippotyphosa e Pomona foram revacinados com a mesma vacina e aos 30 dias da revacinação foram submetidos aos testes de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM) e de inibição do crescimento de leptospiras in vitro (TICL), para avaliação comparativa dos níveis de anticorpos produzidos para os sorovares Canicola, Icterohaemorrhagiae e Copenhageni. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a imunidade conferida pela vacina para o sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae é mais duradoura que a observada para o sorovar Canicola, já que títulos de anticorpos neutralizantes >1,0 log10 foram observados antes do reforço vacinal não havendo substancial aumento após a revacinação. Quanto ao sorovar Canicola, a revacinação resultou em considerável aumento do título de anticorpos neutralizantes quando comparado ao momento anterior a revacinação (p=0,001). A análise dos valores encontrados após a revacinação demonstrou claramente que cães revacinados com bacterina produzida com o sorovar Icterohaermorrhagiae não apresentam aumento do título de anticorpos inibidores do crescimento contra o sorovar Copenhageni, em nível suficiente para inibir o crescimento de leptospiras. Apesar disso, os títulos de anticorpos inibidores de crescimento anti-Copenhageni encontrados antes e após a revacinação demonstraram que, pelo menos certo grau de proteção contra a infecção por esse sorovar pode ser esperado para os cães vacinados com bacterinas do sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, não sendo, no entanto, uma proteção cruzada completa.


#3 - erological investigation and PCR in detection of pathogenic leptospires in snakes, 31(9):006-811

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Biscola N.P., Fornazari F., Saad E., Richini-Pereira V.B., Campagner M.V., Langoni H., Barraviera B. & Ferreira Junior R.S. 2011. Serological investigation and PCR in detection of pathogenic leptospires in snakes. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(9):806-811. Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros 1780, Botucatu, SP 18610-307, Brazil. E-mail: rseabra@cevap.org.br Detection of Leptospira by PCR had not yet been described in snakes. This study investigated, by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and PCR, the presence of antibodies to Leptospira spp. and Leptospira spp., respectively, in venomous and non-venomous wildlife and captivity snakes. All snakes were divided into three groups to be compared: Group 1 (wildlife snakes - WS); Group 2 (snakes in intensive captivity - IC), and Group 3 (collective semi-extensive captivity -CC). Of the 147 snakes studied, 52 (35.4%) were positive for leptospirosis by MAT, 8 (15.4%) belonging to Group 1 (WS), 34 (65.4%) to Group 2 (IC) and 10 (19.2%) to Group 3 (CC). Jararaca (Bothrops jararaca) presented the highest average titer (66.7%, N=22/33) among the three group studied, and Hardjo prajtino was the most prevalent serovar (88.5%, N=46/52), with titers varying from 100 to 3200. Leptospira interrogans was revealed by PCR in kidney and liver of caiçaca (Bothrops moojeni) and jararaca-pintada (Bothrops pauloensis), showing 100% and 93% identity respectively. Future studies should be carried out for better understanding of the role of snakes as a reservoir of Leptospira in nature.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Biscola N.P., Fornazari F., Saad E., Richini-Pereira V.B., Campagner M.V., Langoni H., Barraviera B. & Ferreira Junior R.S. 2011. Serological investigation and PCR in detection of pathogenic leptospires in snakes. [Investigação sorológica e PCR na detecção de leptospiras patogênicas em serpentes.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(9):806-811. Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, Rua José Barbosa de Barros 1780, Botucatu, SP 18610-307, Brazil. E-mail: rseabra@cevap.org.br A detecção de Leptospira pela técnica de PCR não havia sido descrita em serpentes. Este estudo investigou pelo teste de aglutinação microscópica (MAT) e PCR, a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. e Leptospira spp., respectivamente, em serpentes peçonhentas e não peçonhentas de vida livre e de cativeiro. As serpentes foram divididas em três grupos para comparação: Grupo 1 (serpentes recém-chegadas da natureza - WS); Grupo 2 (serpentes em regime de cativeiro intensivo -IC) e Grupo 3 (serpentes em regime de cativeiro coletivo semi-extensivo - CC). Do total de 147 serpentes estudadas, 52 (35,4%) foram positivas para leptospirose pelo MAT, as quais 8 (15,4%) pertenciam ao Grupo 1 (WS), 34 (65,4%) ao Grupo 2 (IC) e 10 (19,2%) ao Grupo 3 (CC). Das espécies estudadas, a jararaca (Bothrops jararaca) apresentou maior soropositividade (66,7%, N=22/33). O sorovar mais prevalente foi o Hardjo prajtino (88,5%, N=46/52) e os títulos variaram de 100 a 3200. Leptospira interrogans foi revelada por PCR nos rins e no fígado de caiçaca (Bothrops moojeni) e de jararaca-pintada (Bothrops pauloensis), mostrando 100% e 93% de identidade, respectivamente. Futuros estudos devem ser realizados para melhor compreensão do papel das serpentes como reservatório de leptospiras na natureza.


#4 - Search agglutinins, leptospires antigen and apoptosis in the kidney of swine naturally infected with Leptospira spp., 31(7):561-568

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Gonçalves L.M.F., Mineiro A.L.B.B., Carvalho S.M., Campos A.P., Evangelista L.S.M., Pinho F.A., Silva S.M.M.S. & Costa F.A.L. 2011. [Search agglutinins, leptospires antigen and apoptosis in the kidney of swine naturally infected with Leptospira spp.] Pesquisa de aglutininas, antígeno de leptospiras e apoptose em rim de suínos naturalmente infectados por Leptospira spp. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(7):561-568. Setor de Patologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Agrícola da Socopo s/n. Teresina, PI 64.049-550, Brazil. E-mail: fassisle@gmail.com Serum and kidney of 75 mixed bred swine (no definite breed) reared in an extensive system and slaughtered in Timon (state of Maranhão) and Teresina (state of Piauí), Brazil, two cities separated from each other by the Parnaiba River, and 75 crossbred swine from a confinement rearing system, sired by Landrace, Large White and/or Duroc, were used in this study. From the 150 analyzed samples for the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), seven were reagents and the serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae (42.86%) was the most frequent. A comparison between both systems to verify a predisposition to Leptospira spp. infection showed that susceptibility was greater in extensively reared animals than in those bred in confinement (c2 test, p<0.05). Inflammatory infiltrates covered an average area larger in the seropositive revealing a significant difference for the seronegative animals (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney U-Test). Morphometric analysis showed Leptospira spp. and antigen labeling in seropositive animals only (p<0.05, Mann-Whitney U-test). Apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells was significantly more evident in the infected animals compared to uninfected. The rearing system and environment conditions are an important factor in the susceptibility of swine to Leptospira spp. infection. An eventual association of leptospira antigen and apoptotic cells suggests a probable mechanism of renal injury at leptospirosis.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Gonçalves L.M.F., Mineiro A.L.B.B., Carvalho S.M., Campos A.P., Evangelista L.S.M., Pinho F.A., Silva S.M.M.S. & Costa F.A.L. 2011. [Search agglutinins, leptospires antigen and apoptosis in the kidney of swine naturally infected with Leptospira spp.] Pesquisa de aglutininas, antígeno de leptospiras e apoptose em rim de suínos naturalmente infectados por Leptospira spp. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(7):561-568. Setor de Patologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Agrícola da Socopo s/n. Teresina, PI 64.049-550, Brazil. E-mail: fassisle@gmail.com Soro e rim de 75 suínos mestiços sem raça definida, criados em sistema extensivo e abatidos em Timon (MA) e Teresina (Piauí), Brasil, duas cidades separadas pelo Rio Parnaíba e 75 suínos mestiços de um sistema de criação em confinamento, filhos de Landrace, Large White e/ou Duroc foram utilizados neste estudo. Das 150 amostras analisadas pela prova de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM), sete foram reagentes e o sorovar Icterohaemorrhagiae (42,86%) foi o mais frequente. Uma comparação entre os dois sistemas para examinar uma predisposição para infecção para Leptospira spp. mostrou que a suscetibilidade foi maior nos animais criados extensivamente do que naqueles criados em confinamento (teste c2, p<0,05). A presença de infiltrado inflamatório foi significantemente maior nos animais soropositivos comparados aos soronegativos (p<0,05, Teste U de Mann-Whitney). A análise morfométrica mostrou Leptospira spp. e o antígeno de leptospira apenas nos animais soropositivos (p<0,05, teste de U de Mann-Whitney). Apoptose em células epiteliais tubulares foi significantemente mais evidente nos animais infectados comparados aos não infectados (p<0,05, Teste U de Mann-Whitney). Uma eventual associação de antígeno de Leptospira e células epiteliais em apoptose sugere um provável mecanismo de lesão renal na leptospirose suína.


#5 - Comparison of three diagnostic techniques for the detection of leptospires in the kidneys of wild house mice (Mus musculus)

Abstract in English:

Rossetti C.A., Vansco B.N., Pini, N & Carfagnini J.C. 2004. Comparison of three diagnostic techniques for the detection of leptospires in the kidneys of wild house mice (Mus musculus). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(1):6-10. Instituto de Patobiología, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CNIA) del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), CC 25 (1712) Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: crossetti@cicv.inta.gov.ar Forty-one wild house mice (Mus musculus) were trapped in an urban area, near railways, in Santa Fe city, Argentina. Both kidneys from each mouse were removed for bacteriological and histological examination. One kidney was inoculated into Fletcher semi-solid medium and isolates were serologically typed. The other kidney was microscopically examined after hematoxylin-eosin, silver impregnation and immunohistochemical stains. Leptospires, all of them belonging to the Ballum serogroup, were isolated from 16 (39%) out of 41 samples. The presence of the agent was recorded in 18 (44%) and in 19 (46%) out of 41 silver impregnated and immunohistochemically stained samples respectively. Additionally, leptospires were detected in high number on the apical surface of epithelial cells and in the lumen of medullary tubules and they were less frequently seen on the apical surface of epithelial cells or in the lumen of the cortical tubules, which represents an unusual finding in carrier animals. Microscopic lesions consisting of focal mononuclear interstitial nephritis, glomerular shrinkage and desquamation of tubular epithelial cells were observed in 13 of 19 infected and in 10 of 22 non-infected mice; differences in presence of lesions between infected and non-infected animals were not statistically significant (P=0,14). The three techniques, culture, silver impregnation and immunohistochemistry, had a high agreement (k³0.85) and no significant differences between them were detected (P>0.05). In addition, an unusual location of leptospires in kidneys of carrier animals was reported, but a relationship between lesions and presence of leptospires could not be established.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Rossetti C.A., Vansco B.N., Pini, N & Carfagnini J.C. 2004. Comparison of three diagnostic techniques for the detection of leptospires in the kidneys of wild house mice (Mus musculus). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(1):6-10. Instituto de Patobiología, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (CNIA) del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), CC 25 (1712) Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: crossetti@cicv.inta.gov.ar Forty-one wild house mice (Mus musculus) were trapped in an urban area, near railways, in Santa Fe city, Argentina. Both kidneys from each mouse were removed for bacteriological and histological examination. One kidney was inoculated into Fletcher semi-solid medium and isolates were serologically typed. The other kidney was microscopically examined after hematoxylin-eosin, silver impregnation and immunohistochemical stains. Leptospires, all of them belonging to the Ballum serogroup, were isolated from 16 (39%) out of 41 samples. The presence of the agent was recorded in 18 (44%) and in 19 (46%) out of 41 silver impregnated and immunohistochemically stained samples respectively. Additionally, leptospires were detected in high number on the apical surface of epithelial cells and in the lumen of medullary tubules and they were less frequently seen on the apical surface of epithelial cells or in the lumen of the cortical tubules, which represents an unusual finding in carrier animals. Microscopic lesions consisting of focal mononuclear interstitial nephritis, glomerular shrinkage and desquamation of tubular epithelial cells were observed in 13 of 19 infected and in 10 of 22 non-infected mice; differences in presence of lesions between infected and non-infected animals were not statistically significant (P=0,14). The three techniques, culture, silver impregnation and immunohistochemistry, had a high agreement (k³0.85) and no significant differences between them were detected (P>0.05). In addition, an unusual location of leptospires in kidneys of carrier animals was reported, but a relationship between lesions and presence of leptospires could not be established.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UNB UFRRJ CFMV