PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Souza T.M., Lopes T.V., Wajnsztejn H., Pazdiora R.D., Riet-Correa F., Fujihara R.I., Mansur I.M. & Schons S.V. 2017. [Intestinal bloat in equids fed with Panicum maximum of high starch content.] Timpanismo gastrointestinal em equídeos alimentados com Panicum maximum com alto conteúdo de amido. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(10):1079-1084. Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Av. Norte-Sul 7300, Bairro Nova Morada, Rolim de Moura, RO 76940-000, Brazil. E-mail: sandroschons@hotmail.com Acute intestinal bloat occurs in horses and mules introduced into sprouting Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, cv. Massai and cv. Mombaça pastures in northern Brazil during the rainy season. It has been suggested that the disease is due to high concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates in this grass. The paper aimed to study outbreaks of colics in the state of Rondônia, Brazil and contribute to the knowledge of the carbohydrates contained in P. maximum as the cause of the disease. For this, ten farms which had cases of intestinal bloat were visited. On two farms, horses were introduced into such a toxic pasture. Samples of pasture were collected for determination of digestible energy, lysine, dry matter, water soluble carbohydrates, ether soluble carbohydrates, non-fiber carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, starch, and fat. Samples of P. maximum pastures from neighboring farms, where the disease was not occurring, and from Cynodon dactylon pastures where the horses had been grazing before were also collected. The results showed that colics occur in the rainy season in sprouting pasture with a morbidity of 31.6%, and lethality of 86.1%. The pastures which induce colic showed significantly (P=0.0072) higher starch concentration (8,3 and 9,2%) than pastures of P. maximum which did not cause colic (0,9 and 4,3%) as well as the Cynodon dactylon pastures ingested previously by the horses (0.2 and 0.8%. On another farm, the disease was produced experimentally in a horse receiving in the feeder P. maximum collected from a toxic pasture with 6.5% of starch. The same pasture did not cause colic from November to February with starch content of 2.7 to 5.1%. It is suggested that the cause of colic in equids ingesting sprouting pasture of P. maximum is the high starch content of this pasture during the groth period.

• Bloat carbohydrates equids starch Panicum maximum amido carboidratos cólica equídeos

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Souza T.M., Lopes T.V., Wajnsztejn H., Pazdiora R.D., Riet-Correa F., Fujihara R.I., Mansur I.M. & Schons S.V. 2017. [Intestinal bloat in equids fed with Panicum maximum of high starch content.] Timpanismo gastrointestinal em equídeos alimentados com Panicum maximum com alto conteúdo de amido. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(10):1079-1084. Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Av. Norte-Sul 7300, Bairro Nova Morada, Rolim de Moura, RO 76940-000, Brazil. E-mail: sandroschons@hotmail.com Timpanismo intestinal agudo em cavalos e mulas introduzidos em pastagens de Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia, cv. Massai e cv. Mombaça são relatados na região norte do Brasil, durante o período das chuvas. As causas são desconhecidas, porém, tem sido sugerido que estão associados a um maior armazenamento de carboidratos não fibrosos na gramínea. Este trabalho teve por objetivos realizar um levantamento epidemiológico dos surtos de cólicas ocorridos no Estado de Rondônia, assim como contribuir com o estudo da ação dos carboidratos de P. maximum na ocorrência da doença. Para isso foram realizadas visitas em 10 propriedades que apresentaram casos da enfermidade. Em duas propriedades foram introduzidos equinos no mês de março e foram coletadas amostras de pastagens para a determinação de energia digestiva, lisina, matéria seca, carboidratos solúveis em água, carboidratos solúveis em éter, carboidratos não fibrosos, fibra de detergente neutra, fibra de detergente ácido, lignina, amido, gordura e proteína bruta. Essas determinações foram realizadas, também, em amostras de pastagens de P. maximum de outras propriedades onde não estavam ocorrendo cólicas e das pastagens de Cynodon dactylon de onde provinham os equinos. Os resultados mostraram que os surtos de cólica ocorrem na época de chuva, quando as pastagens estão rebrotando com uma morbidade de 31,6%, e letalidade de 86,1%. As análises bromatológicas mostraram uma diferença significativa nas concentrações de amido (P=0,0072) do P. maximum que causou cólica (8,3 % e 9,2%), quando comparado com o P. maximum das outras propriedades (0,9% e 4,3%) e com o Tifton, utilizado previamente na alimentação dos mesmos equinos (0,2% e 0,8%). Em outra fazenda a doença foi reproduzida experimentalmente em um equino, no mês de março administrando P. maximum cortado contendo 6,5% de amido. A mesma pastagem não causou cólica quando foi administrada a equinos entre os meses de novembro a fevereiro, com 2,7% a 5,1% de amido. Estes resultados sugerem que a causa das cólicas em equídeos em pastagens de P. maximum, na época de rebrote, é o alto conteúdo de amido das mesmas.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Botteon P.T.L., Ferraz V.P., Glória M.B.A., Melo M.M., Paes Leme F.O., Faleiros R.R. & Alves G.E.S. 2008. [Plasmatic concentrations of tryptamine, tyramine end phenylethylamine in horses under the effect of carbohydrate overload and non-steroid antinflammatory compounds.] Concentrações plasmáticas de triptamina, tiramina e feniletilamina em eqüinos sob efeitos de sobrecarga de carboidratos e antiinflamatórios não esteroidais. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(6):299-302. Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30123-970, Brazil. E-mail: paulobotteon@gmail.com The concentrations of the bioactives amines tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TYR) and phenylethylamine (PEA) were determined by gas chromatography in plasma samples of 20 horses submitted to carbohydrate overload. Thirty hours after the overload, the horses were randomly distributed in four groups (n=5) and were submitted to four IV treatments every 12 hours: 10ml of saline (GC), ketoprofen 2.2mg/kg (GK), phenylbutazone 4.4mg/kg (GF), and flunixin meglumine 1.1mg/kg (GFM). Blood samples were collected at various times after the overload (0-72 h). Plasma TYR and PEA concentrations ranged from 0.18 to 164.2mg/L, and differed significantly with time (p<0.01), but did not differ in the treatments. Plasma concentrations of TRP differed between times and treatments. The GC was significantly major than other treatments at 48h and 60h after the overload, and the plasma concentration of TRP in groups GK and GFM was significantly lower than in groups GF and GC at 72 h (p=0.0012). We concluded that the anti-inflammatory drugs evaluated do not interfere in the plasma concentration of TYP and PEA. For TRP, ketoprofen and flunixin meglumine was effective to reduce de plasmatic concentration of this amine.

• Amines antinflammatory compounds laminitis horse

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Botteon P.T.L., Ferraz V.P., Glória M.B.A., Melo M.M., Paes Leme F.O., Faleiros R.R. & Alves G.E.S. 2008. [Plasmatic concentrations of tryptamine, tyramine end phenylethylamine in horses under the effect of carbohydrate overload and non-steroid antinflammatory compounds.] Concentrações plasmáticas de triptamina, tiramina e feniletilamina em eqüinos sob efeitos de sobrecarga de carboidratos e antiinflamatórios não esteroidais. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(6):299-302. Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30123-970, Brazil. E-mail: paulobotteon@gmail.com The concentrations of the bioactives amines tryptamine (TRP), tyramine (TYR) and phenylethylamine (PEA) were determined by gas chromatography in plasma samples of 20 horses submitted to carbohydrate overload. Thirty hours after the overload, the horses were randomly distributed in four groups (n=5) and were submitted to four IV treatments every 12 hours: 10ml of saline (GC), ketoprofen 2.2mg/kg (GK), phenylbutazone 4.4mg/kg (GF), and flunixin meglumine 1.1mg/kg (GFM). Blood samples were collected at various times after the overload (0-72 h). Plasma TYR and PEA concentrations ranged from 0.18 to 164.2mg/L, and differed significantly with time (p<0.01), but did not differ in the treatments. Plasma concentrations of TRP differed between times and treatments. The GC was significantly major than other treatments at 48h and 60h after the overload, and the plasma concentration of TRP in groups GK and GFM was significantly lower than in groups GF and GC at 72 h (p=0.0012). We concluded that the anti-inflammatory drugs evaluated do not interfere in the plasma concentration of TYP and PEA. For TRP, ketoprofen and flunixin meglumine was effective to reduce de plasmatic concentration of this amine.