Resultado da pesquisa (311)
Termo utilizado na pesquisa virus
#1 - Investigation of some parasitic, bacterial and BVDV agents in dairy cows based on a past of abortions
Abstract in English:
Blood samples were taken from 94 dairy cows based on a past of abortions (4th-7th months) in four different farms in Burdur province. The presence of Chlamydophila abortus (Antibody = Ab), Coxiella burnetti (Ab), Sarcocystis spp. (Ab), Neospora caninum (Ab) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) (Antigen = Ag) were investigated in the collected blood samples. While seropositivity was determined for C. abortus, C. burnetti and N. caninum in the samples, BVDV was detected positive in the same samples. No samples were detected seropositive for Sarcocystis spp. (Ab). N. caninum showed the highest seropositivity in the samples tested, whereas C. burnetti had the lowest. When we looked at the mixed distribution of the factors in the positive animals, C. abortus + N. caninum was found to be the highest, and C. burnetti + N. caninum was the lowest. As a result of the study, it was determined that N. caninum was the most common abortion factor in cattle that had abortions between 4-7 months, and BVDV, C. abortus and C. burnetti, respectively, could also cause abortion. The high level of N. caninum indicates that canes and underground spring waters around the farms may be important reservoirs.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Blood samples were taken from 94 dairy cows based on a past of abortions (4th-7th months) in four different farms in Burdur province. The presence of Chlamydophila abortus (Antibody = Ab), Coxiella burnetti (Ab), Sarcocystis spp. (Ab), Neospora caninum (Ab) and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) (Antigen = Ag) were investigated in the collected blood samples. While seropositivity was determined for C. abortus, C. burnetti and N. caninum in the samples, BVDV was detected positive in the same samples. No samples were detected seropositive for Sarcocystis spp. (Ab). N. caninum showed the highest seropositivity in the samples tested, whereas C. burnetti had the lowest. When we looked at the mixed distribution of the factors in the positive animals, C. abortus + N. caninum was found to be the highest, and C. burnetti + N. caninum was the lowest. As a result of the study, it was determined that N. caninum was the most common abortion factor in cattle that had abortions between 4-7 months, and BVDV, C. abortus and C. burnetti, respectively, could also cause abortion. The high level of N. caninum indicates that canes and underground spring waters around the farms may be important reservoirs.
#2 - Safety and efficacy of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of canine leukopenia induced by canine parvovirus infection
Abstract in English:
This study aims to establish a therapy strategy for canine leukopenia induced by canine parvovirus (CPV) infection through intravenous infusion of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of BMMSCs on canine parvovirus. Forty healthy 2-month-old dogs were randomly divided into four groups including the BMMSC treatment group (A), conventional treatment group (B), CPV infection group (C), and a normal control group (D). Then the A, B, and C groups were orally infected with CPV (103.25 TCID50/mL) at 1mL/kg, and the D group received the same dose of saline. After the onset of infection, Group A received mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and rehydration as the treatment; Group B was treated with anti-inflammatory therapeutics and rehydration; and Group C and D were injected with the same dose of physiological saline. The level of leukocytes rebounded significantly after the treatment with BMMSCs and returned to reference numbers on Day 3 after treatment, which was significantly higher than that in the conventional treatment group. The concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-α were gradually increased during the treatment, and the BMMSC treatment group exhibited significantly higher IL-2 and IFN-α concentrations than the conventional treatment group on Days 3 and 4. The expression of the virus in the blood gradually decreased during the treatment, and the BMMSC treatment group displayed a faster decrease than the conventional treatment group. These results showed the advantages of BMMSC treatment over conventional treatment. This study provides a new BMMSC treatment strategy for canine leukopenia induced by CPV infection and reveals the mechanism by which BMMSC increases leukocytes after CPV infection.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Este estudo tem como objetivo estabelecer uma estratégia terapêutica de leucopenia canina induzida pela infecção por parvovírus canino (CPV) através de infusão intravenosa de células tronco mesenquimais da medula óssea alogênica (BMMSCs) e avaliar o efeito terapêutico de BMMSCs no parvovírus canino. Quarenta cães saudáveis de dois meses de idade foram divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos: o grupo de tratamento de BMMSCs (A), o grupo de terapia convencional (B), o grupo de infecção por CPV (C) e um grupo controle (D). Os grupos A, B e C foram infectados oralmente com CPV (103.25 TCID50/mL) a 1mL/kg e o D recebeu a mesma dose de soro fisiológico. Após o início da infecção, o grupo A recebeu uma dose de derivadas da medula óssea (CTMMO) e hidratação como tratamento, o grupo B foi tratado com terapia anti-inflamatória e hidratação, e grupos C e D foram injetados com a mesma dose de soro fisiológico. As concentrações de IL-2 e IFN-α aumentaram gradualmente durante o tratamento, e o grupo de tratamento BMMSC mostrou concentrações significativamente maiores de IL-2 e IFN-α do que o grupo de tratamento convencional nos Dias 3 e 4. A expressão de vírus no sangue diminuiu gradualmente durante o tratamento, e o grupo de tratamento BMMSC mostrou uma diminuição mais rápida do que o grupo de tratamento convencional. Esses resultados mostraram as vantagens do tratamento BMMSC em relação ao tratamento convencional. Este estudo fornece uma nova estratégia de tratamento da BMMSC para leucopenia canina induzida pela infecção por VCP e revela o mecanismo pelo qual a BMMSC aumenta os leucócitos após infecção por VCP.
#3 - Rabies in a free-ranging jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) in northeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
Rabies is a fatal viral disease that affects animals and humans and is widespread among national ecological systems. We describe the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings of a case of rabies in a jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) found in a rural peri-domestic area after showing aggression and attacking two animals. Histopathology of brain tissue showed lymphoplasmacytic meningoencephalitis associated with intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusion bodies in neurons, gliosis and neuronophagia. The diagnosis of rabies was based on the lesions and confirmed by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. In Brazil, rabies in wild felines of the genus Puma has only been described in animals through serological examinations. The pathological findings are essential for the diagnosis and elucidation of the participation of this species in the wild cycle of the disease, as well as in the maintenance and conservation of the balance of wild fauna.
Abstract in Portuguese:
A raiva é uma doença viral fatal que afeta animais e o homem, estando disseminada entre os sistemas ecológicos nacionais. Descrevem-se os achados anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos de um caso de raiva em um jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), encontrado em área peridomiciliar rural, após apresentar agressividade e ataque a dois animais. Microscopicamente, observou-se meningoencefalite linfoplasmocítica associada a corpúsculos de inclusão intracitoplasmáticos eosinofílicos em neurônios, gliose e neuronofagia. O diagnóstico de raiva foi estabelecido pelos achados patológicos e confirmado por imuno-histoquímica e qPCR. A ocorrência de raiva em felinos silvestres do gênero Puma só foi descrita por meio de exames sorológicos. Os achados patológicos são essenciais para o diagnóstico e elucidação da participação desta espécie no ciclo silvestre da doença, bem como na manutenção e conservação do equilíbrio da fauna silvestre.
#4 - Jaundice in cats: Causes and post-mortem findings in 44 cases
Abstract in English:
The aim of this study was to describe the pathological findings and causes of jaundice in 44 cats (Felis catus) over a six-year period. The cats were from two Brazilian metropolitan areas: 34.1% were female, 56.8% were male, and 9.1% had no information regarding their sex. Their ages ranged from 6 months to 13 years. Most of the cats examined were of a mixed breed (40/44), whereas the others were Angora (2/44), Oriental Short Hair (1/44) and Persian (1/44). All animals had mild to marked jaundice, and 39 were diagnosed with mild to marked anemia. The classification of icterus types (pre-hepatic, hepatic and post-hepatic) was based on gross and microscopic findings. Of the 44 animals, 10 were classified as pre-hepatic icterus, 33 with hepatic icterus and seven with post-hepatic icterus. In some cats, two types of icterus were found, of which five were classified as pre-hepatic and hepatic icterus, and one case was hepatic and post-hepatic icterus. According to the gross and microscopic findings, the cause of pre-hepatic icterus was idiopathic hemolytic anemia. The most frequent cause of hepatic icterus was hepatic lipidosis (26/44), followed by perihepatitis and hepatitis compatible with feline infectious peritonitis, lymphoma, glycogenic degeneration, cholangiocarcinoma and metastatic myeloid leukemia. In animals with post-hepatic icterus, the causes included cholangitis due to Platynosomum spp. infection, cholangioma of the common hepatic duct, and chronic cholangitis. Understanding the etiopathogenesis of jaundice requires an accurate clinic-pathological study and concomitant causes of the disease in cats should be considered.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os achados patológicos e as causas da icterícia em 44 gatos (Felis catus), durante um período de seis anos. Os gatos eram provenientes de duas regiões metropolitanas brasileiras; 34,1% eram fêmeas, 56,8% eram machos e 9,1% não tinham informação sobre o sexo. A idade variou de 6 meses a 13 anos. A maioria dos gatos examinados era de raça mista (40/44), enquanto os restantes eram Angorá (2/44), Oriental de pelo curto (1/44) e Persa (1/44). Todos os gatos apresentavam icterícia leve a acentuada e 39 foram diagnosticados com anemia discreta a grave. A classificação dos tipos de icterícia (pré-hepática, hepática e pós-hepática) baseou-se em achados macroscópicos e microscópicos. Dos 44 animais, 10 foram classificados como icterícia pré-hepática, 33 com icterícia hepática e sete com icterícia pós-hepática. Contudo, em alguns gatos, foram encontrados dois tipos de icterícia, cinco dos quais foram classificados como icterícia pré-hepática e hepática e um caso como icterícia hepática e pós-hepática. De acordo com os achados macroscópicos e microscópicos, a causa da icterícia pré-hepática foi anemia hemolítica idiopática. A causa mais frequente de ícterícia hepática foi a lipidose hepática (26/44), seguida de peri-hepatite e hepatite compatível com peritonite infecciosa felina, linfoma, degeneração glicogênica, colangiocarcinoma e leucemia mieloide metastática. Nos gatos com icterícia pós-hepática, as causas incluíram colangite devida a infecção por Platynosomum spp., colangioma do ducto hepático comum e colangite crônica. Atualmente, a compreensão da etiopatogenia da icterícia requer um estudo clínico-patológico preciso e causas concomitantes da doença em gatos devem ser consideradas.
#5 - An outbreak of avian pox in greater rheas (Rhea americana) in Northeast Brazil
Abstract in English:
Greater rheas (Rhea americana) are Brazil’s largest non-flying bird species. Currently, they are listed as “Near Threatened” on IUCN’s Red List of Endangered Species, mainly because of animal trafficking, deforestation and illegal hunting. Greater rheas’ diseases are poorly documented in Brazil, although they are a native species, and there are conservational scientific facilities that keep and reproduce them. We report an outbreak of avian pox in 13 juvenile greater rheas (Rhea americana) in Northeast Brazil. All 13 rheas infected with the virus developed clinical signs associated with respiratory disease, such as serous nasal discharge; they were gasping and breathing with their beaks open. Severe whitish, chronicle and round-crusted multifocal to coalescent nodules formed on their skin. Out of the 13 affected rheas, nine (69%) died a few weeks after the first clinical signs. Only four (31%) of the rheas survived after unspecified treatment with antibiotics. Two rheas were referred to necroscopic evaluation at the “Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária” of “Universidade Federal da Paraíba”, Campus II, Areia. Microscopically, acantholytic lesions, hyperkeratosis, heterophilic infiltrate and the presence of Bollinger bodies, the pathognomonic inclusion body caused by poxvirus, were seen in the skin. Thus, the avian pox diagnosis was confirmed by clinical and histopathological examinations. This study seems to be the first on avian pox in greater rheas in Northeast Brazil. Investigating the causes of death of wild native birds is essential to the preservation of species. Greater rheas are an important part of the ecosystem and suffer from illegal hunting and animal trafficking. Necroscopic examination allows us to detect pathogens and take prophylactic measures to avoid the decreasing number of wild populations.
Abstract in Portuguese:
As emas (Rhea americana) são a maior espécie de ave não-voadora do Brasil. Atualmente, estão listadas como “Quase Ameaçada” na Lista Vermelha das Espécies Ameaçadas da União Internacional para a Conservação da Natureza e dos Recursos Naturais, principalmente devido ao tráfico animal, desmatamento e caça ilegal. As doenças das emas são pouco documentadas no Brasil, apesar de serem uma espécie nativa e existirem centros científicos de conservação que as mantém e as reproduzem. Relatamos um surto de bouba aviária em 13 emas (Rhea americana) juvenis no Nordeste do Brasil. Todas as 13 emas infectadas com o vírus desenvolveram sinais clínicos associados à doença respiratória, como secreção serosa nasal, estavam ofegantes e respirando com os bicos abertos. Na pele, formaram-se severos nódulos brancacentos, crônicos, crostosos, arredondados, multifocais a coalescentes. Das 13 emas afetadas, nove (69%) morreram em poucas semanas após os primeiros sinais clínicos. Apenas quatro emas (31%) sobreviveram após tratamento inespecífico com antibióticos. Duas emas foram encaminhadas para exame necroscópico no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus II, Areia. Microscopicamente, foram observadas lesões acantolíticas, hiperqueratose, infiltrado heterofílico e a presença de Corpos de Bollinger, corpúsculos de inclusão patognomônicos do poxvírus. Portanto, o diagnóstico de bouba aviária foi confirmado após os exames clínicos e histopatológicos. Este parece ser o primeiro relato de bouba aviária em emas no Nordeste do Brasil. Investigar as causas de morte de aves silvestres é essencial para a preservação das espécies. Emas possuem um papel importante no ecossistema que habitam e sofrem com a caça ilegal e o tráfico animal. A necropsia nos permite detectar patógenos e tomar medidas profiláticas para evitar a diminuição de populações selvagens.
#6 - Searching bovine papillomavirus presence in lesions seen on teats of cows
Abstract in English:
The samples were taken from 106 cows with various-looking lesions on their teats and ranged in age from 2 to 8 years. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen (Ag) positive for the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) was found in 59 (55.7%) blood serum samples. PCR using FAP59/64 primers was positive for 24 (22.6%) samples. BPV-2 (40, 37.7%), BPV-6 (28, 26.4%), BPV-8 (30, 28.3%), BPV-9 (36, 34%), BPV-10 (32, 30.3%), and BPV-12 (22, 20.8%) were found in a PCR type-specific analysis of single and mixed type teat warts. The highest positivity was observed in BPV-2, BPV-9 and BPV-10 in flat and round forms, BPV-6, BPV-10, BPV-12, and mixed types in rice grain-cauliflower forms, BPV-9 and mixed types in filiform in the distribution of types based on the macroscopic appearance of teat lesions. As for the distribution of BPV types according to age, the most BPV-2 types were found in the age group of two years, the most BPV-10 types in the age group of three years, the most BPV-9 types in the age group of four years, the most BPV-8+BPV-12 types in the age group of five years, and the most mixed types between the ages of six and eight years. The existence of the virus was then checked using electron microscopy on the chosen samples (at least one investigation was conducted), and it was positively identified using BPV type-specific primers. The authors concluded that BPV detection using an ELISA (Ag) test from blood serum samples was shown to be less sensitive than BPV type-specific PCR from wart samples.
Abstract in Portuguese:
The samples were taken from 106 cows with various-looking lesions on their teats and ranged in age from 2 to 8 years. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen (Ag) positive for the bovine papillomavirus (BPV) was found in 59 (55.7%) blood serum samples. PCR using FAP59/64 primers was positive for 24 (22.6%) samples. BPV-2 (40, 37.7%), BPV-6 (28, 26.4%), BPV-8 (30, 28.3%), BPV-9 (36, 34%), BPV-10 (32, 30.3%), and BPV-12 (22, 20.8%) were found in a PCR type-specific analysis of single and mixed type teat warts. The highest positivity was observed in BPV-2, BPV-9 and BPV-10 in flat and round forms, BPV-6, BPV-10, BPV-12, and mixed types in rice grain-cauliflower forms, BPV-9 and mixed types in filiform in the distribution of types based on the macroscopic appearance of teat lesions. As for the distribution of BPV types according to age, the most BPV-2 types were found in the age group of two years, the most BPV-10 types in the age group of three years, the most BPV-9 types in the age group of four years, the most BPV-8+BPV-12 types in the age group of five years, and the most mixed types between the ages of six and eight years. The existence of the virus was then checked using electron microscopy on the chosen samples (at least one investigation was conducted), and it was positively identified using BPV type-specific primers. The authors concluded that BPV detection using an ELISA (Ag) test from blood serum samples was shown to be less sensitive than BPV type-specific PCR from wart samples.
#7 - Molecular characterization of carnivore protoparvovirus strains circulating in cats in Turkey
Abstract in English:
Cats are susceptible to feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). Therefore, coinfection and superinfection with multiple parvovirus strains may occur, resulting in high heterogeneity and recombination. Considering the importance of cats as a potential source of genetic diversity for parvoviruses, we investigated the frequency of parvovirus infection in cats using their blood and fecal samples and performed molecular characterization of parvovirus strains circulating in cat populations. Accordingly, the fecal and blood samples of 60 cats with gastroenteritis symptoms were collected from Turkey’s Burdur, Isparta, and Izmit provinces. Of these 15 fecal samples tested as parvovirus-positive by PCR, 14 were confirmed to have been infected with true FPV strains by sequencing analysis. Through the phylogeny analysis, those were located in the FPV cluster, closely related to CPV-2, and one was discriminated in the CPV-2b cluster. Additionally, sequence analysis of the VP2 gene of CPV and FPV revealed that the FPV strains detected in Turkey and the vaccine strains were highly related to each other, with a nucleotide identity of 97.7- 100%. Furthermore, 13 variable positions were detected in VP2 of the field and reference FPV strains. Three synonymous mutations were determined in the VP2 gene. Some amino acid mutations in the VP2 protein-affected sites were considered responsible for the virus’s biological and antigenic properties. The partial sequence analysis of the VP2 gene revealed that four FPV strains detected in Turkey have a single nucleotide change from T to G at the amino acid position 384 between the nucleotides 3939-3941, which was reported for the first time. Therefore, these four isolates formed a different branch in the phylogenetic tree. The results suggest that both FPV and CPV-2b strains are circulating in domestic cats in Turkey and cats should be considered as potential sources of new parvovirus variants for cats, dogs and other animals.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Os gatos são suscetíveis ao vírus da panleucopenia felina (FPV) e ao parvovírus canino tipo 2 (CPV-2). Portanto, coinfecção e superinfecção com múltiplas cepas de parvovírus podem ocorrer, resultando em alta heterogeneidade e recombinação. Considerando a importância dos gatos como uma fonte potencial de diversidade genética para parvovírus, investigamos a frequência da infecção por parvovírus em gatos usando suas amostras de sangue e fezes e realizamos a caracterização molecular de cepas de parvovírus circulantes nas populações de gatos. Amostras fecais e de sangue de 60 gatos com sinais de gastroenterite foram coletadas nas províncias de Burdur, Isparta e Izmit, na Turquia. Destas, 15 amostras fecais testaram positivas para parvovírus por PCR e 14 foram confirmadas como infectadas com cepas verdadeiras de FPV por análise de sequenciamento. Através da análise filogenética, aqueles foram localizados no agrupamento FPV que está intimamente relacionado com o CPV-2, e um foi discriminado no agrupamento CPV-2b. Além disso, a análise da sequência do gene VP2 de CPV e FPV revelou que as cepas de FPV detectadas na Turquia e as cepas vacinais eram altamente relacionadas entre si, com uma identidade de nucleotídeos de 97,7-100%. Além disso, 13 posições variáveis foram detectadas em VP2 das cepas de campo e FPV de referência. Três mutações sinônimas foram determinadas no gene VP2. Algumas mutações de aminoácidos nos locais afetados pela proteína VP2 foram consideradas responsáveis pelas propriedades biológicas e antigênicas do vírus. A análise da sequência parcial do gene VP2 revelou que quatro cepas de FPV detectadas na Turquia têm uma única mudança de nucleotídeo de T para G na posição do aminoácido 384 entre os nucleotídeos 3939-3941, o que foi relatado pela primeira vez. Portanto, esses quatro isolados formaram um ramo diferente na árvore filogenética. Os resultados sugerem que ambas as cepas FPV e CPV-2b estão circulando em gatos domésticos na Turquia e os gatos devem ser considerados como fontes potenciais de novas variantes de parvovírus para gatos, cães e outros animais.
#8 - Cutaneous fungal infections secondary to avian pox in Northeast Brazil
Abstract in English:
This study describes the epidemiological and clinical-pathological aspects of outbreaks of avian pox diagnosed in poultry associated with fungal co-infections. A retrospective study was carried out, and cases of avian pox with suspected associated fungal infection were selected. The slides were subjected to routine and special histochemical staining in cases of suspected fungal infection, in addition to performing the immunohistochemical technique. Macroscopically, there were nodular lesions with crust formation, and histologically, the lesions were characterized by hyperplasia of the spinous layer associated with multiple eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions. In seven cases, morphologically compatible structures with fungi were verified through black impregnation with GMS and strongly stained in pink with PAS. The morphotintorial aspects were suggestive of fungi belonging to the genus Aspergillus sp. and Candida sp. The diagnosis of fungal co-infections was confirmed through immunohistochemistry, with positive immunostaining for fungi of the genus Aspergillus sp. (five cases) and Candida sp. (two cases). It is concluded that the occurrence of fungal co-infections secondary to the cutaneous lesions of avian pox represents a complicating factor of the disease, favoring the weakness of these animals and death. Therefore, the investigation of associated secondary agents is necessary.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Este artigo descreve os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos de surtos de varíola aviária diagnosticada em aves domésticas associados a coinfecções fúngicas. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo e selecionados os casos de varíola aviária com suspeita de infecção fúngica associada. As lâminas foram submetidas às colorações histoquímicas de rotina e especiais, nos casos de suspeita de infecção fúngica, além de realização da técnica de imuno-histoquímica. Macroscopicamente, haviam lesões nodulares com formação de crostas, e histologicamente, as lesões caracterizavam-se por hiperplasia da camada espinhosa associada a múltiplas inclusões intracitoplasmáticas eosinofílicas. Em sete casos verificou-se a presença de estruturas morfologicamente compatíveis com fungos, através de impregnação em preto por GMS e coradas fortemente em rosa por PAS. Os aspectos morfotintoriais foram sugestivos de fungos pertencentes aos gêneros Aspergillus sp. e Candida sp. O diagnóstico das coinfecções fúngicas foi confirmado através da imuno-histoquímica, com imunomarcação positiva para fungos dos gêneros Aspergillus sp. (cinco casos) e Candida sp. (dois casos). Através desses dados, pode-se concluir que a ocorrência de coinfecções fúngicas secundárias às lesões cutâneas de varíola aviária representam um fator complicador da doença, favorecendo a debilidade desses animais e óbito. Sendo assim, é necessária a investigação de agentes secundários associados.
#9 - Detection of feline panleukopenia virus (Carnivore protoparvovirus 1) in free-ranging Panthera onca in Brazil
Abstract in English:
The decline in the jaguar population confirms how much the species is vulnerable to extinction in Brazil. It also indicates the degradation of its natural habitat’s environmental integrity and quality. Studies claim that large felids are susceptible to feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and are presumptively diagnosed clinically in Brazil. A free-living jaguar (Panthera onca) cub was found unconscious and rescued due to a possible hit-and-run in the savannah of Mato Grosso. During recovery, it exhibited clinical and hematological signs consistent with FPV infection. The PCR was positive for FPV, with 99.61% identity between the FPV sequences available in the GenBank database through the BLAST tool. Due to habitat restrictions, certain diseases threaten wild cats and habitat encroachment by domestic animals can alter the pattern of spread of pathogens. We highlight the importance of the molecular diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of FPV to elucidate how it has reached wild felids.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O declínio da população de onça-pintada confirma o quanto a espécie está vulnerável à extinção no Brasil, indicando também a degradação da integridade ambiental e da qualidade de seu habitat natural. Estudos afirmam que felinos de grande porte são suscetíveis ao vírus da panleucopenia felina (FPV) e são diagnosticados clinicamente de forma presuntiva no Brasil. Um filhote de onça-pintada (Panthera onca) de vida livre foi encontrado inconsciente e resgatado devido a um possível atropelamento no cerrado do Mato Grosso. Durante a recuperação, apresentou sinais clínicos e hematológicos compatíveis com infecção por FPV. A PCR foi positiva para FPV, com 99,61% de identidade entre as sequências de FPV disponíveis no banco de dados GenBank por meio da ferramenta BLAST. Devido a restrições de habitat, certas doenças ameaçam felinos selvagens e a invasão de habitat por animais domésticos pode alterar o padrão de propagação de patógenos. Destacamos a importância do diagnóstico molecular e da análise filogenética do FPV para elucidar como ele atinge os felídeos silvestres.
#10 - Retrospective study of poxviruses diagnosed in cattle from Goiás State, Brazil (2010-2018)
Abstract in English:
A retrospective study of poxvirus infections diagnosed in cattle from Goiás state (GO), Brazil, from 2010 to 2018, was performed. All cases have been investigated by the GO Official Veterinary Service (Agrodefesa), from which technical forms and protocols of veterinary diagnosis laboratories were reviewed. In most cases, samples of oral or cutaneous tissues and/or swabs were submitted for virological diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and/or virus isolation. Thirty seven outbreaks/cases of vesicular disease were notified in cattle of 25 counties; in 33 cases the animals presented lesions clinically compatible with poxviruses. The etiology of 25 out of 33 outbreaks/cases was confirmed as poxviruses by PCR and/or viral isolation: 13 as bovine vaccinia virus (VACV), six as pseudocowpox virus (PCPV), five as bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV) and one coinfection (VACV and an Orf virus-like parapoxvirus). The laboratory confirmed that cases occurred mainly in dairy cattle (19/25) and during the dry season (22/25). In adult cattle, gross changes were observed mainly in the teats and udder and included vesicles, ulcers, crusts, papules and scars and varied of type, severity and affected region, depending on the poxvirus species. In calves, the main lesions were ulcers in the mouth and muzzle. Zoonotic lesions compatible with poxvirus infections were observed for all diagnosed poxviruses, affecting especially the hands of milkers and other farm workers. Our data demonstrate the sanitary and economic relevance of these diseases and the wide circulation of different poxviruses in cattle from GO.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo das infecções por poxvírus diagnosticadas em bovinos do estado de Goiás (GO), entre 2010 e 2018. Todos os casos foram investigados pela Agência Goiana de Defesa Agropecuária (Agrodefesa). Foram revisados formulários técnicos e protocolos de laboratórios de diagnóstico veterinário. Na maioria dos casos, amostras de tecidos orais ou cutâneos e/ou swabs foram encaminhadas para diagnóstico virológico. Foram notificados 37 surtos/casos de doença vesicular em bovinos em 25 municípios; em 33 casos os animais apresentavam lesões clinicamente compatíveis com poxvírus. A etiologia de 25 de 33 surtos/casos foi confirmada como poxvírus por PCR e/ou isolamento viral: 13 como vírus vaccínia (VACV), seis como vírus pseudocowpox (PCPV), cinco como vírus da estomatite papular bovina (BPSV) e um caso de coinfecção (VACV e um parapoxvírus semelhante ao Orf vírus). Os casos confirmados laboratorialmente ocorreram principalmente em bovinos leiteiros (19/25) e durante a estação seca (22/25). Em bovinos adultos, alterações macroscópicas foram observadas principalmente nas tetas e úbere e incluíram vesículas, úlceras, crostas, pápulas e cicatrizes e variaram quanto ao tipo, gravidade e região afetada, dependendo da espécie do poxvírus. Em bezerros, as principais lesões foram úlceras na boca e focinho. Lesões zoonóticas compatíveis com infecção por poxvírus foram observadas em todas as poxviroses diagnosticadas, afetando principalmente as mãos dos ordenhadores e outros trabalhadores rurais. Nossos dados demonstram a relevância sanitária e econômica dessas doenças e a ampla circulação de diferentes poxvírus em bovinos de GO.
