PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Fonteque J.H., Kohayagawa A., Saito M.E., Teixeira A.B., Watanabe M.J. & Thomassian A. 2012. [Effect of age and gender about the serum concentration of eritropoetin in Arabian horses.] Efeito da idade e sexo sobre a concentração sérica de eritropoetina em equinos da raça Árabe. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(Supl.1):21-24. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: fonteque@hotmail.com The erythropoietin (EPO) is a glicoproteic grow factor synthesized by the adjacent cells in the proximal renal tubes and controlled by feedback mechanism that involve the tension of tissular oxygen. In the presence of low tension of arterial oxygen, the production of EPO increases and it causes a major production of erythrocytes in the marrowbone. Due to poor knowledge of the serum concentration of erythropoietin in equines and the absence of information about the differences between age and gender, the aim of this study was to compare the serum concentration of erythropoietin in Arabian horses, clinically healthy with different age and gender. A total of 31 horses were used from 6 to 12 months old (young) and over 24 months old (adult), 13 males (six young and seven adult) and 18 females (eight young and ten adult) clinically healthy. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein using a vacuntainer with blood clot gel activator and the serum was separated by centrifugation and stored until the time of processing. The EPO serum concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay method (RIA) using a commercial kit (EPO Trac TM125I RIA, Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Webster, Texas, USA). For statistical analysis of data were used the Student t test at 5% level of significance (P<0.05). It was not observed any statistic differences (P<0.05) between the sex and age of the animals from 6 to 12 months old and over of 24 months. We concluded that the concentration of the EPO in Arabian equines is independent of the sex and age, and can be used as reference values however it is very important and necessary to obtain references values for each laboratory.

• Erythropoietin horses eritropoietina equinos

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Fonteque J.H., Kohayagawa A., Saito M.E., Teixeira A.B., Watanabe M.J. & Thomassian A. 2012. [Effect of age and gender about the serum concentration of eritropoetin in Arabian horses.] Efeito da idade e sexo sobre a concentração sérica de eritropoetina em equinos da raça Árabe. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(Supl.1):21-24. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: fonteque@hotmail.com A EPO é um fator de crescimento glicoprotéico sintetizado pelas células adjacentes aos túbulos proximais renais regulada via mecanismo de “feed back” envolvendo a tensão de oxigênio tissular. Na baixa tensão de oxigênio arterial, a produção de EPO aumenta causando uma maior produção de eritrócitos na medula óssea. Devido ao pouco conhecimento da concentração de EPO sérica em equinos e a ausência de trabalhos sobre o efeito da idade e sexo sobre a sua concentração o trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a concentração sérica de eritropoietina em equinos da raça Árabe de sexos e idades diferentes. Foram utilizados 31 equinos da raça Árabe, com idades de seis a 12 meses (jovens) e acima de 24 meses (adultos), sendo 13 machos (seis jovens e sete adultos) e 18 fêmeas (oito jovens e 10 adultas), clinicamente sadios. As amostras de sangue foram colhidas por venipunção jugular e o soro armazenado até o momento do processamento. A concentração sérica de eritropoetina foi determinada pelo método de radioimunoensaio (RIA) utilizando kit comercial (EPO Trac TM125I RIA, Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Webster, Texas, USA). Para análise estatística dos dados utilizou-se o Teste t de Student ao nível de 5% de significância (P<0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,05) quando se compararam os animais divididos entre sexos e as idades de seis a 12 meses (jovens) e acima de 24 meses (adultos). Conclui-se que a concentração de eritropoietina em equinos da raça Árabe independe do sexo e idade, e pode ser utilizada como valores de referência, porém ressalta-se a necessidade da obtenção de valores de referência para cada laboratório.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Santos P.R.S., Oliveira M.F., Silva A.R, Camargo C.M.O.N. & Assis Neto A.C. 2012. [The microstructure and development of male genital organs of Spix’s yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii) bred in captivity.] A microestrutura e o desenvolvimento dos órgãos genitais masculinos de preás (Galea spixii) criados em cativeiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(Supl.1):84-90. Setor de Anatomia do Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: pauloramos@usp.br The Spix’s yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii) from the Brazilian northeastern semi-arid is a rodent that does belong to the family Caviidae. They are found in regions of the Caatinga and Cerrado, and reproduces throughout the year, with a gestation period of 48 days and a litter of 2 to 4 pups. The aim of this study was to characterize histologically the structural components of the genital organs of male Spix’s yellow-toothed cavies regarding their chronological development. For the analysis we used animals at birth and with 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 and 150 days of age. Fragments of the epididymis, vas deferens, penis and accessory sex glands were collected, fixed and processed for light microscopic. The epididymis had a simple columnar epithelium and at each sexual stage the epididymis was noted different in size of the tubular lumen and regarding the presence of sperm in the lumen at 45 days of age. The epithelium of vas deferens was found to be pseudo-stratified columnar with increasing presence of stereocilia with advancing age. The vesicular gland showed a folded mucosa that varied according to stage of sexual development. The prostate was not very developed, with a small lumen in Spix’s yellow-toothed cavy at birth and at 15 days of age; at 45 days showed variable wrinkling of the epithelium. The male genital organs underwent morphological transformations in line with age and sexual development, what helped to determine the onset of puberty, which in the species studied occurred at 45 days of age.

• Spix’s yellow-toothed cavy Galea spixii epididymis vas deferens preás epidídimo ducto deferente glândulas sexuais acessórias

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Santos P.R.S., Oliveira M.F., Silva A.R, Camargo C.M.O.N. & Assis Neto A.C. 2012. [The microstructure and development of male genital organs of Spix’s yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii) bred in captivity.] A microestrutura e o desenvolvimento dos órgãos genitais masculinos de preás (Galea spixii) criados em cativeiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(Supl.1):84-90. Setor de Anatomia do Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: pauloramos@usp.br O preá do semiárido nordestino (Galea spixii) é um roedor pertencente à família Caviidae. São encontrados nas regiões da Caatinga e do Cerrado Brasileiro e se reproduz ao longo do ano, apresentando um período de gestação de 48 dias e uma ninhada de 2 a 4 crias. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar histologicamente os componentes estruturais dos órgãos genitais de preás machos relacionando com a evolução cronológica destes órgãos na espécie. Foram utilizados para análise animais ao nascimento e aos 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 e aos 150 dias de idade. Fragmentos do epidídimo, ducto deferente, pênis e glândulas sexuais acessórias foram coletados, fixados e processados para descrição em microscopia de luz. O epidídimo apresentou epitélio colunar simples e em cada fase sexual notou-se diferença quanto ao tamanho do lúmen tubular e à presença de espermatozóides no lúmen aos 45 dias de idade. O epitélio do ducto deferente no preá mostrou-se pseudo-estratificado colunar com crescente presença de estereocilios com o avanço da idade. A glândula vesicular no preá apresentou uma mucosa com pregueamento variado, de acordo com a fase do desenvolvimento sexual. A próstata mostrou-se pouco desenvolvida, com lúmen pequeno nos preás ao nascimento e aos 15 dias de idade; aos 45 dias mostrou-se com um pregueamento do epitélio variável. Os órgãos genitais masculinos do preá passaram por transformações morfológicas no decorrer da idade e com o desenvolvimento sexual, isso colaborou para a determinação do início da fase da puberdade, que na espécie em estudo foi aos 45 dias de idade.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Mattos M.R.F., Simões-Mattos L., Pilati C., Silva L.D.M. & Domingues S.F.S. 2010. Intersexuality in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(6):510-514. Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Bom Pastor s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, PE 55292-270, Brazil. E-mail: mattos@uag.ufrpe.br Intersexuality is a reproductive pathology that has been described in wild animals in recent years. However, its occurrence and consequences remain obscure and therefore all aspects of this reproductive disorder deserve attention. The aim of this study is to report a case of intersexuality with probable absence of gonadal tissue in the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) native to Brazil. The animal has male external genitalia, but its prepuce and penis were both hypoplastic. Because of a clinical suspicion of bilateral cryptorchidism, a laparotomy was performed and the absence of prostate and gonads were revealed. The procedure also revealed vas deferentia, extending laterally from the each side of the bladder basis to the right and left abdominal wall muscles. The animal died one month later, and post mortem examination confirmed the absence of prostatic and gonadal tissues. Muscular structures similar to uterine horns and cervix were founded macroscopically and confirmed by optic microscopy. In addition, post mortem findings corroborate with penis hypoplasia, since penile bone presence was observed. The vasa deferentia had a normal tissue structure, although hypoplastic. In conclusion, the case of a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) reported here represents a proved intersexual animal with probable absence of gonadal tissue.

• Cerdocyon thous crab-eating fox intersexuality raposa intersexualidade

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Mattos M.R.F., Simões-Mattos L., Pilati C., Silva L.D.M. & Domingues S.F.S. 2010. Intersexuality in a crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous). [Intersexualidade em uma raposa (Cerdocyon thous).] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(6):510-514. Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Av. Bom Pastor s/n, Boa Vista, Garanhuns, PE 55292-270, Brazil. E-mail: mattos@uag.ufrpe.br RESUMO.- [Intersexualidade em uma raposa (Cerdocyon thous).] A intersexualidade é uma das patologias reprodutivas, hereditária e/ou congênita, que têm sido mais reportada em animais selvagens nos últimos anos. Entretanto, suas ocorrências e conseqüências permanecem obscuras, sendo que todos os aspectos relacionados a este distúrbio reprodutivo merecem atenção. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de intersexualidade com provável ausência de tecido gonadal em uma raposa (Cerdocyon thous) do Brasil. O animal apresentava sexo fenotípico masculino, mas seu prepúcio e pênis eram pequenos. Devido a uma suspeita clínica de criptorquidismo bilateral, foi realizada uma laparotomia, sendo, no procedimento cirúrgico, revelada a ausência de próstata e gônadas. Os ductos deferentes foram localizados lateralmente à bexiga, entendendo-se desde a sua base, inserindo-se na musculatura da parede abdominal direita e esquerda. Um mês após, o animal morreu e os achados necroscópicos confirmaram a ausência de tecidos prostático e gonadal. Entretanto, uma estrutura muscular histologicamente semelhante a cornos e cérvix uterinos foram encontradas. Além disso, pelo mesmo método, ratificou-se a ausência de próstata e o pênis exibiu aspecto normal contendo osso peniano. Os ductos deferentes apresentaram estrutura tecidual normal, porém hipoplásicos. Concluiu-se que o caso reportado no presente trabalho representa um exemplo de intersexualidade com provável ausência de tecido gonadal em um animal da espécie Cerdocyon thous.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Fonteque J.H., Kohayagawa A., Takahira R.K., Bianchi E.H., Cherubini A.L., Piccinin A., Bruder E.M. & Ramos P.R.R. 2009. [Serum protein electrophoresis profile of the rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus kept in captivity.] Perfil eletroforético das proteínas séricas de serpentes Crotalus durissus terrificus (cascavel) criadas em cativeiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(6):457-460. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: fonteque@cav.udesc.br The poisonous snakes of the genera Crotalus and Bothrops have been kept in captivity with the purpose of extracting poison for the production of immunobiological. Knowledge of the physiology of these animals and serum proteins concentration changes are important for early identification of major diseases which lead to states of hypoproteinemia and hyperproteinemia. The objective was to determine the concentration of total protein and serum protein electrophoresis profile of Crotalus durissus terrificus (rattlesnake) in captivity. Blood samples were taken from the ventral coccygeal vein of 21 adult and healthy snakes divided into groups: Group 1 with 12 males, weighing in average 588.89±193.55g, and Group 2 with nine females, weighing in average 708.33±194.04g. The total serum concentration of protein was determined by the method of refractometry and agarose gel electrophoresis. The total protein values in the serum for females was 4.82±0.72, for males 4.51±0.50 and males and females 4.64±0.61, identified by four fractions (g/dL): albumin, a, b and g-globulin. Additionally the albumin/globulin ratio was calculated. The female snakes showed higher values for the variables, albumin and the albumin/globulin (AG) differed significantly (P<0.05) from the group of male snakes, but there was no clinical significance.

• Protein fractions albumin alpha beta and gamma-globulin sex agarose gel

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Fonteque J.H., Kohayagawa A., Takahira R.K., Bianchi E.H., Cherubini A.L., Piccinin A., Bruder E.M. & Ramos P.R.R. 2009. [Serum protein electrophoresis profile of the rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus kept in captivity.] Perfil eletroforético das proteínas séricas de serpentes Crotalus durissus terrificus (cascavel) criadas em cativeiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(6):457-460. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Hospital de Clínica Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: fonteque@cav.udesc.br The poisonous snakes of the genera Crotalus and Bothrops have been kept in captivity with the purpose of extracting poison for the production of immunobiological. Knowledge of the physiology of these animals and serum proteins concentration changes are important for early identification of major diseases which lead to states of hypoproteinemia and hyperproteinemia. The objective was to determine the concentration of total protein and serum protein electrophoresis profile of Crotalus durissus terrificus (rattlesnake) in captivity. Blood samples were taken from the ventral coccygeal vein of 21 adult and healthy snakes divided into groups: Group 1 with 12 males, weighing in average 588.89±193.55g, and Group 2 with nine females, weighing in average 708.33±194.04g. The total serum concentration of protein was determined by the method of refractometry and agarose gel electrophoresis. The total protein values in the serum for females was 4.82±0.72, for males 4.51±0.50 and males and females 4.64±0.61, identified by four fractions (g/dL): albumin, a, b and g-globulin. Additionally the albumin/globulin ratio was calculated. The female snakes showed higher values for the variables, albumin and the albumin/globulin (AG) differed significantly (P<0.05) from the group of male snakes, but there was no clinical significance.

Abstract in English:

Gomes M., Uieda W. & Latorre M.R.D.O. 2006. [Influence of sex differences in the same colony for chemical control of vampire Desmodus rotundus (Phyllostomidae) populations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.] Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllstomidae) no Estado de São Paulo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(1):38-43. Coordenadoria de Defesa Agropecuária/SP, Regional Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido X.A.Sousa 35, Mogi das Cruzes, SP 08780-210, Brazil. E-mail: murilong@usp.br The aim of this study was to verify the fidelity to the diurnal roosts by the genders of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus, and to analyse the Warfarin gel 2% effectiveness for reduction of the size of vampire bat colonies, when individuals of different sexes were treated. In 1999 and 2000, 626 vampire bats were mist netted while leaving at night 12 diurnal roosts in the state of São Paulo. They were marked, and 10% of the roost population received the Warfarin gel 2% treatment. In Test I only males were treated, in Test II only females were treated, and in Test III 5% of males and females were treated. After 5 and 10 days, the dead and the survivors were counted. Females were more loyal to the roosts (p<0,01) and better wide spreader of the Warfarin gel (p<0,01).

• Rabies vampire bats Desmodus rotundus Warfarin gel.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Gomes M., Uieda W. & Latorre M.R.D.O. 2006. [Influence of sex differences in the same colony for chemical control of vampire Desmodus rotundus (Phyllostomidae) populations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.] Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllstomidae) no Estado de São Paulo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(1):38-43. Coordenadoria de Defesa Agropecuária/SP, Regional Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido X.A.Sousa 35, Mogi das Cruzes, SP 08780-210, Brazil. E-mail: murilong@usp.br The aim of this study was to verify the fidelity to the diurnal roosts by the genders of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus, and to analyse the Warfarin gel 2% effectiveness for reduction of the size of vampire bat colonies, when individuals of different sexes were treated. In 1999 and 2000, 626 vampire bats were mist netted while leaving at night 12 diurnal roosts in the state of São Paulo. They were marked, and 10% of the roost population received the Warfarin gel 2% treatment. In Test I only males were treated, in Test II only females were treated, and in Test III 5% of males and females were treated. After 5 and 10 days, the dead and the survivors were counted. Females were more loyal to the roosts (p<0,01) and better wide spreader of the Warfarin gel (p<0,01).