Resultado da pesquisa (35)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa diet

#31 - Effects of starter diet supplementation with arginine on broiler production performance and on small intestine morphometry, 32(3):259-266

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Murakami A.E., Fernandes J.I.M., Hernandes L. & Santos T.C. 2012. [Effects of starter diet supplementation with arginine on broiler production performance and on small intestine morphometry.] Efeito da suplementação de arginina na dieta de frangos na performance produtiva e na morfologia do intestino delgado. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(3):259-266. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil. E-mail: aemurakami@uem.br The effects of starter diet (days 1 to 21) supplemented with arginine (Arg) on the production performance and duodenum and jejunum mucosa morphometry of broilers were studied. Male Cobb broiler chickens (990) were randomly assigned to one of five treatments in a complete random design. Measurements of 33 chicks per treatment were made in six repetitions. The treatments consisted of a basal diet with 1.390% digestible Arg (no supplementation) and four dietary levels (1.490%, 1.590%, 1.690%, and 1.790%), providing a relationship with lysine of 1.103; 1.183; 1.262; 1.341 and 1.421%, respectively. From the age of 22 days on, all birds received conventional grower diet. The data were submitted to regression analysis by polynomial decomposition of the degrees of freedom in relation to the levels of Arg. The Arg supplementation increased (P<0.05) the live weight and the feed conversion ratio without increasing the feed intake of the birds. However, no effect was observed (P>0.05) in the growth phase (days 22 to 42) in the absence of the Arg supplementation. The supplementation of Arg over of NRC recommendation during the starter phase may be necessary for the expression of the maximal weight gain potential in birds. No effect (P<0.05) of Arg dietary supplementation was observed either on small intestine weight and length at any age. However, the duodenum villus:crypt ratio increased and the crypt depth decreased in the first week in response to increasing dietary Arg. It is concluded that broiler Arg dietary supplementation in the starter diet improved production performance and small intestine morphometry, especially in the first week.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Murakami A.E., Fernandes J.I.M., Hernandes L. & Santos T.C. 2012. [Effects of starter diet supplementation with arginine on broiler production performance and on small intestine morphometry.] Efeito da suplementação de arginina na dieta de frangos na performance produtiva e na morfologia do intestino delgado. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 32(3):259-266. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil. E-mail: aemurakami@uem.br O efeito na dieta inicial (1-21 dias) da suplementação de arginina (Arg) foi estudada sobre o desempenho e a morfologia da mucosa do jejuno em frangos de corte. Pintos machos Cobb (990) foram utilizados em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições com 33 aves cada. Os tratamentos consistiram em uma dieta basal com 1,390% de Arg digestível (sem suplementação) e 4 dietas com adição (1,490%; 1,590%; 1,690% e 1,790%), fornecendo uma relação de lisina de 1,103; 1,183; 1,262; 1,341 e 1,421%, respectivamente. A partir de 22 dias todas as aves receberam ração convencional. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de regressão pela decomposição polinomial dos graus de liberdade, referentes aos níveis de Arg A suplementação de Arg melhorou (P<0,05) o peso vivo e a conversão alimentar sem aumentar o consumo de ração. No entanto, não houve efeito (P>0,05) na fase de crescimento (22 a 42 dias) na ausência de suplementação de Arg. A suplementação acima do recomendado pelo NRC na fase inicial pode ser necessária para a expressão máxima do potencial de ganho de peso em aves. Não houve efeito da suplementação de Arg na dieta no peso e comprimento do intestino delgado em nenhuma idade. No entanto, a relação vilo:cripta no duodeno aumentou e a profundidade da cripta diminuiu na primeira semana em resposta ao incremento de Arg na dieta. Concluiu-se que em frangos de corte a suplementação de Arg na dieta inicial melhorou o desempenho e a morfometria do intestino delgado, especialmente na primeira semana.


#32 - Outbreak of polioencephalomalacia in cattle consuming high sulphur diet in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 30(8):613-617

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Cunha P.H.J., Bandarra P.M., Dias M.M., Borges A.S. & Driemeier D. 2010. [Outbreak of polioencephalomalacia in cattle consuming high sulphur diet in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Surto de polioencefalomalacia por ingestão excessiva de enxofre na dieta em bezerros no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(8):613-617. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Cx. Postal 131, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, Brazil. E-mail: phcunhavet@yahoo.com.br An outbreak of polioencephalomalacia in cattle caused by ingestion of high sulphur diet, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil is described. One group of 30 calves was kept in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) pasture and supplemented with concentrate and minerals. Six calves died, necropsy was performed in two of them and liver samples (for lead determination) and fragments of central nervous system were collected. Clinical and neurological examination was performed in one calf and confirmed brain involvement. Sulphur content on dietary components and water, ruminal hydrogen sulfide production in five calves of the same group and PCR from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded cerebral tissues to detect bovine herpesvirus 5 DNA was perfomed. The total sulphur intake was 0.38% dry matter and the values of ruminal sulfide concentration ranged from 1,000 to 2,500ppm. Lead It was not detected in the liver samples and PCR was negative for bovine herpesvirus 5. The brain lesions were characterized by laminar neuronal necrosis. The clinical signs of cerebrocortical syndrome associated with high ruminal sulfide values, elevated intake of dietary sulphur and histological lesions confirmed that the excess of sulphur caused the polioencephalomacia in these calves.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Cunha P.H.J., Bandarra P.M., Dias M.M., Borges A.S. & Driemeier D. 2010. [Outbreak of polioencephalomalacia in cattle consuming high sulphur diet in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Surto de polioencefalomalacia por ingestão excessiva de enxofre na dieta em bezerros no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(8):613-617. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Cx. Postal 131, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, Brazil. E-mail: phcunhavet@yahoo.com.br Neste trabalho descreve-se surto de polioencefalomalacia em bovinos decorrente da ingestão de dieta com excessiva concentração de enxofre em uma propriedade no Rio Grande do Sul. O lote era composto por 30 bezerros, mantidos em um piquete com azevém (Lolium multiflorum) e suplementados com ração e sal mineral. Seis bezerros morreram e dois deles foram necropsiados; amostras de tecido hepático para dosagem de chumbo e fragmentos do sistema nervoso central para histopatológico foram colhidos. Um dos bezerros foi examinado antes da morte e sinais neurológicos encefálicos foram constatados. Foi estabelecido o teor de enxofre nos componentes da dieta e água, a produção de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal em cinco bovinos do mesmo lote e realizada PCR de um bloco de parafina para detecção de DNA do herpevirus bovino tipo 5. O consumo total de enxofre foi de 0,38% da matéria seca fornecida aos animais e as dosagens de sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal em animais do mesmo lote variaram de 1.000 a 2.500ppm. Os achados histopatológicos indicaram necrose laminar do córtex cerebral. Não foi detectado chumbo na amostra de tecido hepático e não foi identificado DNA do herpesvirus bovino tipo 5 no encéfalo. O quadro clínico de síndrome cerebrocortical associado aos elevados valores do sulfeto de hidrogênio ruminal, alta ingestão de enxofre na dieta e os achados histopatológicos permitem estabelecer o excesso de enxofre como causador da polioencefalomalacia.


#33 - Development of conditioned taste aversion to Mascagnia rigida in goats, p.571-574

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Barbosa R.R., Pacífico da Silva I. & Benito Soto-Blanco B. 2008. Development of conditioned taste aversion to Mascagnia rigida in goats. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(12):571-574. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, BR 110 Km 47, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: benito.blanco@pq.cnpq.br The aim of this study was to determine whether goats could be averted from consuming Mascagnia rigida, a toxic plant found in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Fourteen male goats not previously familiarized to M. rigida were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: control (treated with 5.5mL water orally by a drenching gun) and lithium group (treated with 100mg LiCl/kg body weight orally by a drenching gun). For conditioning, goats were allowed to feed on M. rigida leaves for 15 min, followed by LiCl or water administration. The time spent on eating M. rigida leaves was measured. The conditioning was repeated daily until the LiCl-treated goats stopped eating M. rigida. On the 10th, 17th, and 24th day after conditioning, extinction trials of the M. rigida aversion were performed in goats by using single-choice tests. There was no difference between the two treatment groups with respect to the consumption of M. rigida on the first day of aversion conditioning, however, controls ingested increasing amounts of the plant on consecutive conditioning days. On the second day, five out of the seven goats in the lithium group did not eat the leaves, but on the third day, all the goats in the lithium group did not ingest M. rigida. This aversion persisted throughout all evaluated days. This indicates that goats can be easily conditioned by using lithium chloride to avoid eating M. rigida temporarily

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Barbosa R.R., Pacífico da Silva I. & Benito Soto-Blanco B. 2008. Development of conditioned taste aversion to Mascagnia rigida in goats. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(12):571-574. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, BR 110 Km 47, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: benito.blanco@pq.cnpq.br The aim of this study was to determine whether goats could be averted from consuming Mascagnia rigida, a toxic plant found in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Fourteen male goats not previously familiarized to M. rigida were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: control (treated with 5.5mL water orally by a drenching gun) and lithium group (treated with 100mg LiCl/kg body weight orally by a drenching gun). For conditioning, goats were allowed to feed on M. rigida leaves for 15 min, followed by LiCl or water administration. The time spent on eating M. rigida leaves was measured. The conditioning was repeated daily until the LiCl-treated goats stopped eating M. rigida. On the 10th, 17th, and 24th day after conditioning, extinction trials of the M. rigida aversion were performed in goats by using single-choice tests. There was no difference between the two treatment groups with respect to the consumption of M. rigida on the first day of aversion conditioning, however, controls ingested increasing amounts of the plant on consecutive conditioning days. On the second day, five out of the seven goats in the lithium group did not eat the leaves, but on the third day, all the goats in the lithium group did not ingest M. rigida. This aversion persisted throughout all evaluated days. This indicates that goats can be easily conditioned by using lithium chloride to avoid eating M. rigida temporarily


#34 - Effects of different sources of phosphorus on bone characteristics of sows and their offspring, 19(1):1-6

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Morés N., Barbosa H.P. & Barioni Jr W. 1999. [Effects of different sources of phosphorus on bone characteristics of sows and their offspring.] Efeito de diferentes fontes de fósforo na dieta sobre as características dos ossos de porcas e suas proles. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 19(1):1-6. Embrapa - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Suínos e Aves, Cx. Postal 21, Concórdia, SC 89700-000, Brazil. The main limitation in the use of rock phosphate in swine diets is the fluorine contente that may be toxic when used for long periods. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of monocalcium phosphate (MP) and Tapira phosphate (TP) to sows and their offspring when fed during four reproductive cycles, as compared to the traditional use of dicalcium phosphate (DP). The study involved 13, 16 and 13 sows for DP, MP and TP phosphates, respectively. The litters were also fed with the sarne respective phosphate treatments until they reached 95 kg of body weight. The variables analyzed were: macroscopic tooth lesions score in sows, histological evaluation of bone tissue, the thyroid and parathyroid glands, and the evaluation of bone mineral contents and bone morphometrical characteristics. The results showed that TP is toxic for sows when used continuously during 4 reproductive cycles and causes lesions of chronic fluorosis in the teeth and bone tissue. TP also affected the litters with some minor lesions of fluorosis in bone tissue at the 4th reproductive cycle. MP induced some minor inespecific lesions only in bone tissue of the sows. No deleterious effects were observed in sows and litters fed DP.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Morés N., Barbosa H.P. & Barioni Jr W. 1999. [Effects of different sources of phosphorus on bone characteristics of sows and their offspring.] Efeito de diferentes fontes de fósforo na dieta sobre as características dos ossos de porcas e suas proles. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 19(1):1-6. Embrapa - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Suínos e Aves, Cx. Postal 21, Concórdia, SC 89700-000, Brazil. A limitação principal do uso de fosfatos naturais na alimentação de suínos é a presença de flúor que pode ser tóxico quando ingerido por longos períodos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os eventuais efeitos deletérios dos fosfatos Monocálcico (MP) e Tapira (TP), sobre porcas e suas proles alimentadas com esses fosfatos durante quatro ciclos reprodutivos consecutivos, comparativamente com o tradicional fosfato bicálcico (DP). Foram usadas 13 porcas alimentadas com FB (testemunha) 16 com MP e 13 com TP. As leitegadas oriundas de cada ciclo também foram alimentados com os respectivos fosfatos até a idade de abate. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: lesões macroscópicas nos dentes das porcas, alterações histológicas no tecido ósseo e nas glândulas tireóide e paratireóide, conteúdo de minerais no tecido ósseo e características morfométricas do osso. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o uso de TP por 4 ciclos reprodutivos, na alimentação de suínos, provocou lesões de fluorose crônica nos dentes e tecido ósseo das porcas. As leitegadas alimentadas com este fosfato também apresentaram discretas lesões de fluorose, mas somente evidentes no 4° ciclo reprodutivo. Somente algumas alterações inespecíficas ocorreram nos ossos das porcas que receberam o MP.O DP não provocou alterações patológicas no tecido ósseo, tanto nas porcas como nas suas leitegadas.


#35 - Effect of pigs diet protein levei and/or acidification in the Escherichia coli post-weaning diarrhea

Abstract in English:

An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of preventing Escherichia coli post-weaning diarrhea reducing the protein level and/or acidifying the diet. Sixteen SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) Landrace piglets, 36 days old (weaning day) were used in four treatments (T) as follow: TA) control ration with 20% crude protein (CP); TB) ration similar to TA with 2% citric acid; TC) ration with 16% CP plus lisine up to 0.9%; and TD) ration similar to TC plus 2% citric acid. Rations were formulated with corn, soybean meal, minerals and vitamins. The pigs received the experimental diets from Do (weaning day) to D10 (slaughter day). All piglets were inoculated with 20 ml of E. coli culture 0141 K85 with 109 CFU/ml on the day D3 and D4. The parameters analysed were, occurrence of diarrhea, faeces elimination and intestinal colonization with the E. coli sample inoculated, gastrointestinal content pH and small intestine histology. The addition of citric acid (TB) as well as CP reduction (TC) in the diet caused a benefic effect on the E. coli diarrhea. This effect was more evident with the CP reduction and addition of the acid simultaneously (TD). The diarrhea was prevented, probably, by the reduction of stomach and jejunum pH and by avoiding an exaggerated E. coli multiplication in the intestinal content.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Estudou-se experimentalmente a possibilidade de se prevenir a diarréia pós-desmama por Escherichia coli através da redução da proteína e/ou acidificação da dieta. Utilizaram-se 16 leitões Landrace SPF (Specific Pathogen Free) com 35 dias de idade (dia da desmama), distribuídos em quatro tratamentos (T): TA - ração controle com 20% de PB; T B - ração do TA com 2% de ácido cítrico; TC - ração com 16% PB mais lisina até nível de 0,9%; TD - ração do TC mais·2% do ácido cítrico. As rações foram formuladas com milho, farelo de soja, minerais e vitaminas. Os leitões receberam as dietas experimentais do D0 (dia da desmama) até D10 (dia do sacrifício). Todos os leitões foram inoculados com 20 ml de um cultivo de E. coli 0141 K85 contendo 109 UFC/ml, nos dias D3 e D4. Os parâmetros analisados foram: ocorrência de diarréia, eliminação nas fezes e colonização intestinal da amostra de E. coli inoculada, pH do conteúdo gastrointestinal e histologia do intestino delgado. Tanto a adição do ácido cítrico (TB) como a redução da PB (TC) na dieta tiveram efeito benéfico na ocorrência da diarréia por E. coli. Este efeito mostrou-se mais evidente com a redução da PB e adição do ácido simultaneamente (T D). A diarréia foi prevenida, possivelmente pela redução do pH do estômago e jejuno e por evitar a multiplicação exagerada de E. coli no conteúdo intestinal.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UNB UFRRJ CFMV