PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Watanabe T.T.N., Zlotowski P., Oliveira L.G.S., Rolim V.R., Juffo G.D., Gomes M.J.P., Snel G. & Driemeier D. 2011. Rectal stenosis in pigs associated with Salmonella Typhimurium and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(6):511-515. Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: davetpat@ufrgs.br Rectal stricture is an acquired annular fibrous constriction of the rectum that results from a variety of chronic necrotizing enteric diseases. In pigs, it is in most cases a sequel of Salmonella infection. Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a known pathogen causing immunosuppression in pigs worldwide. PCV2 infected pigs may be predisposed to salmonellosis. In this report, rectal stenosis was observed in 160 pigs from a herd that experienced an outbreak of enteric salmonellosis over a 4-month period. Distension of the abdominal wall and diarrhea were the main clinical signs observed. Five animals were analyzed showing annular cicatrization of the rectal wall 5.0-7.0 cm anterior to the anorectal junction and Salmonella-positive immunostaining in the large intestine. Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from fragments of the large intestine. Porcine circovirus type 2 antigen was observed in the mesenteric lymph-node in 4 pigs and in the large intestine in 3 pigs.

• Rectal stenosis Salmonella estenose retal

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Watanabe T.T.N., Zlotowski P., Oliveira L.G.S., Rolim V.R., Juffo G.D., Gomes M.J.P., Snel G. & Driemeier D. 2011. Rectal stenosis in pigs associated with Salmonella Typhimurium and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. [Estenose retal em suínos associada à enterite causada por Salmonella Typhimurium em animais infectados pelo circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2).] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(6):511-515. Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: davetpat@ufrgs.br Estenose retal é uma constrição anular fibrosa do reto que pode ser decorrente de qualquer doença entérica crônica necrotizante. Em suínos, é em muitos casos uma seqüela de infecção por Salmonella. Circovírus suíno tipo 2 é um patógeno bem conhecido que causa imunodepressão em suínos e apresenta distribuição mundial. No presente trabalho, estenose retal foi observada em 160 suínos em um rebanho que teve um surto de salmonelose entérica durante 4 meses. Distensão da parede abdominal e diarreia foram os principais sinais clínicos observados. Foram analisados cinco suínos que demonstraram cicatrização anular da parede do reto 5,0 a 7,0 cm anterior a junção anoretal e imuno-histoquímica positiva para Salmonella spp. no intestino grosso. Antígeno de Circovírus suíno tipo 2 foi observado no linfonodo mesentérico de quatro suínos e no intestino grosso de três.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Silva M.A., Marvulo M.F.V., Mota R.A. & Silva J.C.R. 2010. [The role of order Ciconiiformes in the epidemiological chain of Salmonella spp. for public health and biological diversity conservation.] A importância da ordem Ciconiiformes na cadeia epidemiológica de Salmonella spp. para a saúde pública e a conservação da diversidade biológica. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(7):573-580. Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil. E-mail: marcioandre_mv@hotmail.com Biological diversity is represented by all nature units and its conservation is about the survival of human beings. Infectious diseases are one of the possible threats for wildlife conservation, which includes salmonellosis as a most important disease, especially for the avifauna. Top alimentary chain birds such as Ciconiiformes can be reservoirs and disseminators of Salmonella spp. to other wild and domestic animals, and also for human populations, with serious risks to public and environmental health. This review describes infection by Salmonella spp., its etiological agent and occurrence in Ciconiiformes, as well as the importance of these wild birds for the epidemiological chain of the zoonosis, and discusses the risks for public health and biological diversity conservation.

• Ciconiiformes Salmonella spp. salmonellosis salmoneloses

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Silva M.A., Marvulo M.F.V., Mota R.A. & Silva J.C.R. 2010. [The role of order Ciconiiformes in the epidemiological chain of Salmonella spp. for public health and biological diversity conservation.] A importância da ordem Ciconiiformes na cadeia epidemiológica de Salmonella spp. para a saúde pública e a conservação da diversidade biológica. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(7):573-580. Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil. E-mail: marcioandre_mv@hotmail.com A diversidade biológica é representada por todas as unidades da natureza e sua conservação diz respeito à sobrevivência da própria espécie humana. Uma das ameaças à sua conservação são as doenças infecciosas que afetam a fauna, dentre as quais se podee incluir a salmonelose como uma das mais importantes, especialmente para a avifauna. Aves de topo de cadeia alimentar como os Ciconiiformes podem ser potenciais reservatórios e disseminadores da Salmonella spp. para outras espécies silvestres e também para populações humanas e animais domésticos, podendo causar prejuízos à saúde pública e ao meio ambiente. Objetivou-se descrever a infecção ou doença por Salmonella sp., o seu agente etiológico e sua ocorrência em Ciconiiformes, bem como demonstrar a importância destas aves na cadeia epidemiológica silvestre desta zoonose, verificando os riscos para a saúde pública e para a conservação da diversidade biológica.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Ribeiro M.G., Fernandes M.C., Paes A.C., Siqueira A.K., Pinto J.P.A.N. & Borges A.S. 2010. [Serotype characterization of Salmonella strains isolated from different affections in domestic animals.] Caracterização de sorotipos em linhagens do gênero Salmonella isoladas de diferentes afecções em animais domésticos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(2):155-160. Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil. E-mail: mgribeiro@fmvz.unesp.br The serotype characterization, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and clinical-epidemiological findings were evaluated in 53 Salmonella spp. strains isolated from 41 dogs, nine horses and three cattle presenting different clinical manifestations between 1997 at 2007. Salmonella Typhimurium (45.3%), Salmonella enterica (22.6%), Salmonella Enteritidis (7.5%), Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica 4,5,12i (5.7%), Salmonella Newport (5.7%), Salmonella Dublin (3.8%), Salmonella Agona (3.8%), Salmonella Glostrup (3.8%), Salmonella Saintpaul (1.8%) were the more common serotypes. Ciprofloxacin (100.0%), norfloxacin (100.0%) and gentamicin (100.0%) were more effective drugs while resistance of isolates was observed to ceftiofur (28.5%) and florfenicol (7.0%). The strains were isolated from animals with enteritis, urinary tract infections, septicaemia, pyometra, pneumonia and conjuntivits. The results showed the high frequency of Salmonella Typhimurium serotype in different animals studied. The study highlighted also the presence of serotypes in our animals that also have been identified in humans with salmonellosis.

• Salmonella sorotipos sensibilidade microbiana

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Ribeiro M.G., Fernandes M.C., Paes A.C., Siqueira A.K., Pinto J.P.A.N. & Borges A.S. 2010. [Serotype characterization of Salmonella strains isolated from different affections in domestic animals.] Caracterização de sorotipos em linhagens do gênero Salmonella isoladas de diferentes afecções em animais domésticos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(2):155-160. Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil. E-mail: mgribeiro@fmvz.unesp.br Foram caracterizados os sorotipos, o perfil de sensibilidade microbiana e os achados clínico-epidemiológicos em 53 linhagens do gênero Salmonella isoladas de 41 cães, nove equinos e três bovinos, acometidos por diferentes manifestações clínicas entre 1997 e 2007. Salmonella Typhimurium (45,3%), Salmonella enterica (22,6%), Salmonella Enteritidis (7,5%), Salmonella enterica subsp enterica 4,5,12i (5,7%), Salmonella Newport (5,7%), Salmonella Dublin (3,8%), Salmonella Agona (3,8%), Salmonella Glostrup (3,8%), Salmonella Saintpaul (1,8%) foram os sorotipos encontrados. Ciprofloxacina (100,0%), norfloxacina (100,0%) e gentamicina (100,0%) foram os antimicrobianos mais efetivos, enquanto a maior resistência das linhagens foi observada para ceftiofur (28,5%) e florfenicol (7,0%). As linhagens foram isoladas de animais com enterite, infecção do trato urinário, septicemia, piometra, pneumonia e conjuntivite. Ressalta-se para o predomínio do sorovar Typhimurium nas diferentes manifestações da salmonelose nos animais. Destaca-se, também, a identificação de sorotipos nos animais que também são observados em casos de salmonelose em humanos.

Abstract in English:

Lima E.S.C., Pinto P.S.A., Santos J.L., Vanetti M.C.D., Bevilacqua P.D., Almeida L.P., Pinto M.S. & Dias F.S. 2004. [Isolation of Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus at swine slaughtering as subsidy for HACCP, the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point system.] Isolamento de Salmonella sp e Staphylococcus aureus no processo do abate suíno como subsídio ao sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle - APPCC. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(4):185-190. Depto Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36571-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. E-mail: pintopsa@ufv.br This study was done to evaluate the superficial contamination of swine carcasses by Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus, the identification of microbiological hazards in different segments of the processing line, and critical control points (CCPs), through the quantification of risks. A total of 120 surface swabbing carcasses were collected in a slaughterhouse: after the scalding/dehairing (point A), before evisceration (B), after evisceration and splitting (C), and after 24 hours of refrigeration (D). Salmonella sp and S. aureus were isolated from 14 (11.7%) carcasses. No statistical difference between the points studied was observed. The number of S. aureus isolated was between 1.2 and 1.5 log UFC/cm2. It was concluded that the risks observed were the same for both microorganisms.

• Salmonella sp Staphylococcus aureus swine carcass slaughterhouse HACCP.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Lima E.S.C., Pinto P.S.A., Santos J.L., Vanetti M.C.D., Bevilacqua P.D., Almeida L.P., Pinto M.S. & Dias F.S. 2004. [Isolation of Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus at swine slaughtering as subsidy for HACCP, the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point system.] Isolamento de Salmonella sp e Staphylococcus aureus no processo do abate suíno como subsídio ao sistema de Análise de Perigos e Pontos Críticos de Controle - APPCC. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(4):185-190. Depto Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36571-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. E-mail: pintopsa@ufv.br This study was done to evaluate the superficial contamination of swine carcasses by Salmonella sp and Staphylococcus aureus, the identification of microbiological hazards in different segments of the processing line, and critical control points (CCPs), through the quantification of risks. A total of 120 surface swabbing carcasses were collected in a slaughterhouse: after the scalding/dehairing (point A), before evisceration (B), after evisceration and splitting (C), and after 24 hours of refrigeration (D). Salmonella sp and S. aureus were isolated from 14 (11.7%) carcasses. No statistical difference between the points studied was observed. The number of S. aureus isolated was between 1.2 and 1.5 log UFC/cm2. It was concluded that the risks observed were the same for both microorganisms.

Abstract in English:

Lázaro N.S., Tibana A., Rodrigues D.P., Reis E.M.F., Quintaes B.R. & Hofer E. 2004. Antimicrobial resistance and R-plasmid in Salmonella spp from swine and abattoir environments. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):57-60. Depto Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária, UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: nslazaro@aol.com Salmonella serovars isolated from swine are of particular interest not only because of the pathogenic potential for this animal species, but also due to its relevance with regard to public health. On basis of the profile of resistance to antimicrobials, 13 Salmonella strains were selected which belonged to the serovars Muenster (7), Derby (4), Typhimurium (1), and Braenderup (1). They were isolated from healthy swine as well as from the abattoir environment in the state of Rio de Janeiro. All strains of Salmonella were subjected to bacterial conjugation, and the E. coli K12 Nalr Lac+ F standard strain was used as receptor, with the purpose to verify the ability to transfer the resistance marks. Gene transfer phenomenon was detected in seven strains, and except Salmonella Typhimurium which transconjugated to Sm, Tc and Su, the remaining ones were characterized by transferring mark Su only. By plasmidial analysis of strains used and their respective transconjugants, 63 Kb plasmid was found, which was probably related to S. Typhimurium resistance.

• Salmonella swine antimicrobial resistance R-plasmid.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Lázaro N.S., Tibana A., Rodrigues D.P., Reis E.M.F., Quintaes B.R. & Hofer E. 2004. Antimicrobial resistance and R-plasmid in Salmonella spp from swine and abattoir environments. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):57-60. Depto Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Veterinária, UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: nslazaro@aol.com Salmonella serovars isolated from swine are of particular interest not only because of the pathogenic potential for this animal species, but also due to its relevance with regard to public health. On basis of the profile of resistance to antimicrobials, 13 Salmonella strains were selected which belonged to the serovars Muenster (7), Derby (4), Typhimurium (1), and Braenderup (1). They were isolated from healthy swine as well as from the abattoir environment in the state of Rio de Janeiro. All strains of Salmonella were subjected to bacterial conjugation, and the E. coli K12 Nalr Lac+ F standard strain was used as receptor, with the purpose to verify the ability to transfer the resistance marks. Gene transfer phenomenon was detected in seven strains, and except Salmonella Typhimurium which transconjugated to Sm, Tc and Su, the remaining ones were characterized by transferring mark Su only. By plasmidial analysis of strains used and their respective transconjugants, 63 Kb plasmid was found, which was probably related to S. Typhimurium resistance.

Abstract in English:

Lázaro N.S., Tibana A., Reis E.M.F., Rodrigues D.P., Quintaes B.R. & Hofer E. 2004. [Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and plasmid profile in Salmonella Muenster isolated from swine and abattoir environment, Brazil.] Padrão de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos e perfil plasmidial em Salmonella Muenster isoladas de suínos e do ambiente de abatedouros. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):65-70. Depto Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Inst.Veterinária, UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: nslazaro@aol.com Thirty-eight strains of Salmonella Muenster, isolated from swine and the abattoir environment, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March 1991 to February 1992, were analyzed for the presence of plasmids. The strains were selected according to their profile regarding the antimicrobials: streptomycin, tetracycline, sulphonamide and sulfametoxazole-trimethoprim. Thirteen strains were resistant to one or several antimicrobials, 18 with intermediate degree and seven were sensitive. Plasmids varying in size from 1.2 Kb to 42 Kb were detected in 37 (97.36%) of the 38 samples, corresponding to 11 different profiles (P1- P11), varying from 1 to 6 plasmids per model. The number and plasmids diversity was greater than the resistance marks for strains. The plasmid of 2.85 Kb was the most frequent, being present in 83.78% of the 37 strains; only the one of 7.5 Kb was detected at the two slaughterhouses. There was no parallelism between resistance pattern and plasmidial profile, and a same antibiotype was found in several plasmidial profiles. The results of the present investigation, allowed us to conclude that the plasmid characterization is an useful and simple tool for the epidemiological typing of this sorovar.

• Salmonella Muenster swine antimicrobial resistance plasmids.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Lázaro N.S., Tibana A., Reis E.M.F., Rodrigues D.P., Quintaes B.R. & Hofer E. 2004. [Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and plasmid profile in Salmonella Muenster isolated from swine and abattoir environment, Brazil.] Padrão de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos e perfil plasmidial em Salmonella Muenster isoladas de suínos e do ambiente de abatedouros. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):65-70. Depto Epidemiologia e Saúde Pública, Inst.Veterinária, UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ 23890-000, Brazil. E-mail: nslazaro@aol.com Thirty-eight strains of Salmonella Muenster, isolated from swine and the abattoir environment, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from March 1991 to February 1992, were analyzed for the presence of plasmids. The strains were selected according to their profile regarding the antimicrobials: streptomycin, tetracycline, sulphonamide and sulfametoxazole-trimethoprim. Thirteen strains were resistant to one or several antimicrobials, 18 with intermediate degree and seven were sensitive. Plasmids varying in size from 1.2 Kb to 42 Kb were detected in 37 (97.36%) of the 38 samples, corresponding to 11 different profiles (P1- P11), varying from 1 to 6 plasmids per model. The number and plasmids diversity was greater than the resistance marks for strains. The plasmid of 2.85 Kb was the most frequent, being present in 83.78% of the 37 strains; only the one of 7.5 Kb was detected at the two slaughterhouses. There was no parallelism between resistance pattern and plasmidial profile, and a same antibiotype was found in several plasmidial profiles. The results of the present investigation, allowed us to conclude that the plasmid characterization is an useful and simple tool for the epidemiological typing of this sorovar.

Abstract in English:

Bessa M.C., Costa M. & Cardoso M. 2004. [Prevalence of Salmonella sp. carrier pigs in slaughterhouses of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Prevalência de Salmonella sp em suínos abatidos em frígoríficos do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):80-84. Depto Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: mcardoso@vortex.ufrgs.br This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Salmonella positive pigs at slaughterhouses under federal inspection in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Samples of feces and lymph nodes of 300 animals were collected in three different slaughterhouses, and submitted to bacteriological analysis. The prevalence of Salmonella carrier animals was 55.66%, being 17.6% of the animals Salmonella positive in lymph nodes, 18.3% in feces and 19.6% in both materials. Twenty-six different serovars were identified among 226 Salmonella isolates. The most prevalent serovars were: Typhimurium (24.3%), Agona (19.9%), Derby (13.2%) e Bredeney (12%). These results point out the need of control programs to reduce the prevalence of carrier pigs at slaughter.

• Salmonella swine lymph nodes feces.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Bessa M.C., Costa M. & Cardoso M. 2004. [Prevalence of Salmonella sp. carrier pigs in slaughterhouses of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Prevalência de Salmonella sp em suínos abatidos em frígoríficos do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(2):80-84. Depto Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: mcardoso@vortex.ufrgs.br This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Salmonella positive pigs at slaughterhouses under federal inspection in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Samples of feces and lymph nodes of 300 animals were collected in three different slaughterhouses, and submitted to bacteriological analysis. The prevalence of Salmonella carrier animals was 55.66%, being 17.6% of the animals Salmonella positive in lymph nodes, 18.3% in feces and 19.6% in both materials. Twenty-six different serovars were identified among 226 Salmonella isolates. The most prevalent serovars were: Typhimurium (24.3%), Agona (19.9%), Derby (13.2%) e Bredeney (12%). These results point out the need of control programs to reduce the prevalence of carrier pigs at slaughter.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Weiss L.H.N., Nonig R., Cardoso M. & Costa M. 2002. [Occurrence of Salmonella sp in finishing pigs in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Ocorrência de Salmonella sp em suínos de terminação no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 22(3):104-108. Depto Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. Pen feces samples were taken in ten finishing farms in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) and submitted to Salmonella isolation protocol. Two farms negative and one positive in the preliminary screening were chosen, and feces from 25 randomly selected pigs in each of them were individually collected. The sarne animals were later sampled (rectal swab, intestinal content and mesenteric lymph nodes) at the slaughterhouse. After the introduction of new animals into farm Nl and Pl, other 25 pigs on each farm were examined as described above. In the preliminary screening, Salmonella was isolated from pen feces samples of 3 of the 10 investigated farms. Two of these herds showed a high level contamination. Eight Salmonella serotypes (Agona, Bredeney, Lexington, London, Mbandaka, Panama, Schwartzengrund, Salmonella sp) were found, with serotypes Agona and Bredeney being the most frequent. When individual animals were sampled, Salmonella was isolated in all selected farms. Salmonella was isolated in 6.4% of feces collected on the farm, 5.3% of intestinal contents and 5.6% of lymph nodes. Antibiogram testing of the isolated strains showed 97.8% resistance to sulphonamides, 82.6% to streptomycin, 36.9% to tetracyclin and 15.2% to sulfazotrim.

• Salmonella swine lymph nodes feces serotypes antibiogram suínos fezes linfonodos sorotipos antibiograma.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Weiss L.H.N., Nonig R., Cardoso M. & Costa M. 2002. [Occurrence of Salmonella sp in finishing pigs in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Ocorrência de Salmonella sp em suínos de terminação no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 22(3):104-108. Depto Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. Foram colhidas amostras de fezes de lote de suínos em 10 granjas terminadoras do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul para pesquisa de Salmonella sp. Duas granjas consideradas negativas (Nl e N2) e uma positiva (Pl) nesta primeira etapa foram escolhidas para colheita de amostras de fezes individuais de 25 animais escolhidos aleatoriamente. No abatedouro foram coletados swab retal, conteúdo intestinal e linfonodos mesentéricos dos mesmos animais amostrados na granja. Após a introdução de novos animais nas granjas Nl e Pl, outros 25 animais foram amostrados em cada granja, da mesma forma descrita acima. Três granjas tiveram amostras de fezes de lote positivas, sendo que em duas foi constatado um alto nível de contaminação. Foram encontrados 8 sorotipos de Salmonella (Agona, Bredeney, Lexington, London, Mbandaka, Panama, Schwartzengrund, Salmonella sp), sendo os sorotipos Agona e Bredeney os mais encontrados. Na colheita individual realizada, todas as granjas amostradas foram positivas. Em 6,4% das amostras de fezes colhidas na granja, 5,3% das amostras de conteúdo intestinal e 5,6% dos linfonodos mesentéricos foi possível isolar Salmonella. O antibiograma das linhagens de Salmonella isoladas demonstrou 97,8% de resistência à sulfonamida, 82,6% à estreptomicina, 36,9% à tetraciclina e 15,2% à sulfazotrim.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Hofer E., Zamora M.R.N., Lopes A.E., Moura A.M.C:, Araújo H.L., Leite M.D.D. & Silva Filho S.J. 2000. [Salmonella serovars in meat of horses slaughtered in northeastern Brazil.] Sorovares de Salmonella. em carne de eqüídeos abatidos no nordeste do Brasil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 20(2):80-84. Depto Bacteriologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil. In the sixties and seventies there was an extraordinary increase in export of horse meat products to Europe andjapah. This favored an increase in risk of Salmonella outspread through those products to human and animal consumer populations. Thus, from an exporting company dealing with horse meat located in northeastern Brazil (state of Pernambuco), 19,238 fragments of more external muscles, Salmonella was isolated from 666 samples colleted from 433 animals (horses and donkeys). The serotyping of 745 isolates showed 98 serovars pertaining to 14 serogroups, predominantly classified into subspecies 1 (98.9%). S. Anatum, S. Carrau, S. Saintpaul, S. Agona, and S. Typhimurium were the most frequent serovars isolated. Preliminary data indicate that the primary causes for the presence of Salmonella in the meats probably was contact with feces from slaughtered animals, as well a.s possible contamination of environments, in view of the absence of human carriers researched in part of the personnel.

• Horses horse meat Salmonella serogroups serovars Eqüídeos produtos cárneos sorogrupos sorovares.

Abstract in Portuguese:

SINOPSE.- Hofer E., Zamora M.R.N., Lopes A.E., Moura A.M.C:, Araújo H.L., Leite M.D.D. & Silva Filho S.J. 2000. [Salmonella serovars in meat of horses slaughtered in northeastern Brazil.] Sorovares de Salmonella. em carne de eqüídeos abatidos no nordeste do Brasil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 20(2):80-84. Depto Bacteriologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Rio de janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil. Nas décadas de 60 e 70, houve um extraordinário incremento da exportação de produtos cárneos de equídeos dos países da América do Sul para a Europa e Japão. Este acontecimento favoreceu o aumento de risco da veiculação de Salmonella através desses produtos, para as populações humana e animal, consumidoras. Assim, num estabelecimento industrial e exportador de carne de eqüídeos localizado no nordeste do Brasil (Pernambuco), foram analisados bacteriologicamente, 19.238 fragmentos de músculos mais externos, que revelaram 666 exames positivos referentes a 433 animais (eqüinos e asininos) e resultando no isolamento de 745 cepas de Salmonella. Na amostragem foram·caracterizados do ponto de vista antigénico 98 sorovares, predominantemente classificados na subespécie 1 (98,9%) e tendo como os mais freqüentes S. Anatum, S. Carrau, S. Saintpaul, S. Agona e S. Typhimurium. Pelas análises efetuadas admite-se que as causas primordiais da presença de Salmonella nas carnes, provavelmente decorreu do contato com os excretas dos animais abatidos, bem como pela possível contaminação ambiental resultante, tendo em vista a ausência de portadores humanos, pesquisados numa parcela do pessoal.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Santos D.M.S., Berchieri Jr A., Fernandes S.A., Tavechio A.T. & Amaral LA. 2000. [Salmonella in broiler frozen carcasses.] Salmonella em carcaças de frango congeladas. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 20(1):39-42. Depto Patologia Veterinária, Fac. Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14870-000, Brazil. Hundred and fifty frozen broiler carcasses of four commercial brands, purchased at retail stores for Salmonella research, were examined: 43 of the carcasses referred to each of the brands A, B, D and 21 of brand C. Thirty-two percent of the samples were found positive; 11 serotypes were identified as S. Agona, S. Anatum, S. Enteritidis, S. Hadar, S. Havana, S. Mbandaka, S. Montevideo, S. Ouakam, S. Poona, S. Schwarzengrund and S.14, 5, 12:-. Antibiogram testing of the isolated strains showed 100% resistance to ampicilin, 75.0% to cefhalotin, 52.1 % to cephoxitin, 22.9% to tobramicin, 6.2% to polimixin B and to tetracyclines, 4.2% to gentamicin, and 2.1% to netilmicin, to aztreonam and to amicacin. All strains showed total sensibility to chloramphenicol and to sulfazotrim.

• Salmonella retail serotypes broiler frozen carcasses antibiograma varejo sorotipos frango congelado carcaças antibiograma.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Santos D.M.S., Berchieri Jr A., Fernandes S.A., Tavechio A.T. & Amaral LA. 2000. [Salmonella in broiler frozen carcasses.] Salmonella em carcaças de frango congeladas. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 20(1):39-42. Depto Patologia Veterinária, Fac. Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de acesso Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14870-000, Brazil. Um total de 150 carcaças de frango congeladas, de quatro marcas comerciais, foram analisadas para pesquisa de Salmonella. Foram examinadas 43 carcaças de cada uma das marcas A, B, D e 21 da marca C. Observou-se um percentual de 32,0% de contaminação. Foram identificados 11 sorotipos: S. Agona, S. Anatum, S. Enteritidis, S. Hadar, S. Havana, S. Mbandaka, S. Montevideo, S. Ouakam, S. Poona, S. Schwarzengrund e S. I 4, 5, 12: -. O antibiograma das cepas mostrou 100% de resistência à ampicilina, 75,0% à cefalotina, 52, 1 % à cefoxitina, 22,9% à tobramicina, 6,2% à polimixina B e à tetraciclina, 4,2% à gentamicina e 2,1% à netilmicina, ao aztreonam e à amicacina. Todas as cepas apresentaram sensibilidade total ao cloranfenicol e ao sulfazotrim.