Resultado da pesquisa (2)
Termo utilizado na pesquisa ecology
#1 - Screening of antigenemia and isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii from cloaca and crop of birds in the state of Paraná, Brazil, p.341-344
Abstract in English:
ABSTRACT.- Lugarini C., Condas L.A.Z., Soresini G.C., Santos R.C.F., Muro M.D., Ono M., Farias M.R. & Montiani-Ferreira F. 2008. Screening of antigenemia and isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii from cloaca and crop of birds in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(7):341-344. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba PR 80035-050, Brazil. E-mail: camilelug@gmail.com
Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii are associated with dry bird excreta but rarely recovered from birds’ digestive tract. The objective of the present study was (1) to verify the existence of C. neoformans and C. gattii in crop and cloaca of wildlife and captivity birds hypothesizing about a possible primary source of this yeast in the excreta, and (2) to determine the fungi’s invasive capability in avian species through latex agglutination. For that purpose, 172 cloacal and 77 crop samples of domestic pigeon, Passerine, and Psittacine birds were collected. None of these samples was positive, suggesting that the yeast is not saprobiotic in the digestive tract of these birds. Only one out of 82 serum samples collected from pigeons and Psittacine birds was positive (title 1:2) showing that Cryptococcus sp. probably has a low invasive capability in birds, and is thus considered only a dry excreta colonizer.
Abstract in Portuguese:
ABSTRACT.- Lugarini C., Condas L.A.Z., Soresini G.C., Santos R.C.F., Muro M.D., Ono M., Farias M.R. & Montiani-Ferreira F. 2008. Screening of antigenemia and isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii from cloaca and crop of birds in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(7):341-344. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Rua dos Funcionários 1540, Juvevê, Curitiba PR 80035-050, Brazil. E-mail: camilelug@gmail.com
Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii are associated with dry bird excreta but rarely recovered from birds’ digestive tract. The objective of the present study was (1) to verify the existence of C. neoformans and C. gattii in crop and cloaca of wildlife and captivity birds hypothesizing about a possible primary source of this yeast in the excreta, and (2) to determine the fungi’s invasive capability in avian species through latex agglutination. For that purpose, 172 cloacal and 77 crop samples of domestic pigeon, Passerine, and Psittacine birds were collected. None of these samples was positive, suggesting that the yeast is not saprobiotic in the digestive tract of these birds. Only one out of 82 serum samples collected from pigeons and Psittacine birds was positive (title 1:2) showing that Cryptococcus sp. probably has a low invasive capability in birds, and is thus considered only a dry excreta colonizer.
#2 - Biological and ecological aspects of Desmodus rotundus rotundos (Chiroptera) in northeastern Brazil
Abstract in English:
The habits and characteristics of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810) were studied in 17 natural housings in the States of Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe. During one year, 2,901 bats were captured with nets and identified by ringing during 7 periods, with intervals from 49 to 73 days; 1,413 (48.7%) were recaptured from the 2nd to the 6th period, this is 32.5%, 11.2%, 2.9%, 1.1% and 0.1% respectively. The population of each housing varied from 57 to 884 bats, with an average of 343 animals per housing. Each colony had an average of 48.4 males and 51.5 females; the sarne proportions occurred in adult and young animals. The different physiological phases regarding reproduction of the bats were found during the 7 periods, indicating that reproduction occurs continuously troughout the year. Leaving and entering their housings occurred from 6 p.m. to 4 a.m., with a peak between 7 and 11 p.m. No migration of bats was observed, but only little local and isolated moving of a few animals. The average weight of the females was 37.8 g and the males 35.3 g, and the average length of the forearm in the females was 63.1 mm and in the males 60.6 mm. The average blood consumption by the females was 18.9 g and the males 9.6 g, as judged by the average weight difference at leaving and entering the housing. The temperature in two of the housings varied from 21.8 to 29.0ºC, at an average of 22.3 and 25.5ºC; the average relative humidity was 79.5 and 89.0%. This study confirmed the habits and physiological characteristics of D.r. rotundus and showed that in the semiarid conditions of northeastern Brazil the bat colonies maintain themselves well in housings with medium temperatures above those encountered in southern and northern Latin America.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Foram avaliados hábitos e características fisiológicas do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810) em 17 abrigos naturais localizados nos estados do Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas e Sergipe. Procedeu-se a captura, por meio de redes e anilhamento de 2.901 morcegos, durante 7 etapas com intervalo de 49 a 73 dias, no decurso de um ano. Deste total foram recapturados 1.413 (48,7%) morcegos, assim distribuídos da 2ª a 6ª etapa: 32,5%, 11,2%, 2,9%, 1,1% e 0,1% respectivamente. O número estimado das populações de morcegos de cada abrigo variou entre 57 e 884 animais, perfazendo a média de 343 indivíduos por abrigo. Cada colônia de morcegos era composta em média por 48,4% de machos e de 51,5% de fêmeas, sendo a mesma proporção entre adultos e jovens. Nas 7 etapas foram encontrados os diferentes estágios fisiológicos relativos à reprodução, indicando que esta ocorre continuamente durante todo o ano. A movimentação de saída e entrada dos morcegos nos abrigos ocorre das 18 às 4 horas da manhã, com maior intensidade entre as 19 e 23 horas. Não foi observada a migração de morcegos, mas apenas movimentos locais com deslocamentos isolados de alguns indivíduos. O peso médio foi de 37,8 g para as fêmeas e de 35,3 g para os machos e o comprimento médio do antebraço de 63,1 mm para as fêmeas e de 60,6 mm para os machos. A média de sangue consumida por morcego foi de 18,9 g para as fêmeas e de 9,6 g para os machos a julgar pela diferença média do pêso na saída e na entrada dos abrigos. As condições ecológicas de dois abrigos revelaram temperaturas que oscilaram entre 21,8 e 29,0ºC, com médias de 22,3 e 25,5 ºC nos dois abrigos; a umidade relativa do ar média foi de 79,5 e 89,0%. A presente pesquisa, além de confirmar hábitos e características fisiológicas de D.r. rotundus, revelou que nas condições semiáridas do Nordeste do Brasil, as colônias de morcegos mantem-se bem em abrigos com temperaturas médias acima das encontradas no sul e norte da América Latina.
