Resultado da pesquisa (44)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa Soares M.P.

#31 - Epidemiological aspects and hepatic lesions pattern in 35 outbreaks of Senecio spp. poisoning in cattle in southern Brazil, 30(5):389-397

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Grecco F.B., Schild A.L., Soares M.P., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Estima-Silva P. & Sallis E.S.V. 2010. [Epidemiological aspects and hepatic lesions pattern in 35 outbreaks of Senecio spp. poisoning in cattle in southern Brazil.] Aspectos epidemiológicos e padrões de lesões hepáticas em 35 surtos de intoxicação por Senecio spp. em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(5):389-397. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br The study aimed to characterize morphological patterns of 59 liver samples of Senecio spp. poisoned cattle from 35 outbreaks, observed in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2000 to 2009. The lesions were associated with epidemiological changes during these years. The climate changes concerning accumulated rain and mean temperature during the different seasons were analyzed. The macroscopic and histological lesions were classified into 6 different patterns. The macroscopic classification was made according to capsular pattern, hepatic cut surface discoloration, and the presence of nodules. The histological classification was based on the distribution of fibrosis, the amount of megalocytes in 10 high magnification fields, and on bile duct proliferation. Pattern 1 was characterized by a whitish liver, diffuse fibrosis, severe bile duct proliferation, and discrete megalocytosis; pattern 2 was characterized by nodules consisting of groups of hepatocytes surrounded by fibrosis, severe bile duct proliferation, and discrete to mild megalocytosis; pattern 3 was characterized by a macro-nodular aspect to the cut surface with hepatic lobules surrounded by a thin septa of fibrous tissue, severe bile duct proliferation, and mild megalocytosis; pattern 4 was characterized by a non-nodular surface with marble aspect, mild to severe bile duct proliferation, and megalocytosis; pattern 5 was characterized by a non-nodular surface and bridging or diffuse fibrosis, mild megalocytosis, and severe bile duct proliferation; and pattern 6 was characterized by a non-nodular surface, severe megalocytosis, discrete bile duct proliferation, and incipient fibrosis of the portal system, central vein or among hepatocyte cords. The results of macroscopic and histological liver analysis showed that patterns 1, 2 and 4 were the most frequently observed. The results of this study demonstrated that the macroscopic lesion observed in Senecio poisoned cattle is variable. Histologically this variation is related to the amount and distribution of fibrosis, megalocytosis and bile duct proliferation observed in each liver. Age of the cattle, evolution period of poisoning and clinical signs did not interfere on the pattern of lesions observed. On the other hand, climatic conditions probably had influence on increased disease prevalence due to major availability of Senecio spp. plants.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Grecco F.B., Schild A.L., Soares M.P., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Estima-Silva P. & Sallis E.S.V. 2010. [Epidemiological aspects and hepatic lesions pattern in 35 outbreaks of Senecio spp. poisoning in cattle in southern Brazil.] Aspectos epidemiológicos e padrões de lesões hepáticas em 35 surtos de intoxicação por Senecio spp. em bovinos no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(5):389-397. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar os diferentes padrões morfológicos hepáticos em 59 fígados de bovinos intoxicados por Senecio spp. provenientes de 35 surtos observados na área de influência do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD) de 2000-2009, dos quais havia registro fotográfico das lesões macroscópicas, fazendo uma relação com as variações epidemiológicas observadas no período. Foram analisadas as variações climáticas referentes à precipitação pluviométrica e temperatura média nas diferentes estações do ano ocorridas neste intervalo de tempo. As alterações hepáticas macro e microscópicas foram agrupadas em padrões morfológicos semelhantes. Foi considerada como critérios de classificação macroscópica a coloração das superfícies capsular e de corte e a presença ou não de nódulos; e como critérios para a classificação histológica a quantidade e distribuição da fibrose, o número de megalócitos por campo de maior aumento, o grau estimado de proliferação de ductos biliares e a presença de hepatócitos vacuolizados. O Padrão 1 caracterizou-se por fígado esbranquiçado, fibrose difusa, acentuada proliferação de células de ductos biliares e megalocitose discreta; o Padrão 2 por presença de nódulos correspondentes a grupos de hepatócitos ou lóbulos hepáticos circundados por tecido conjuntivo fibroso, acentuada proliferação de células de ductos biliares e megalocitose de discreta a moderada; o Padrão 3 por superfície de corte com aspecto macronodular correspondente a lóbulos hepáticos circundados por delgado cordão de tecido conjuntivo, acentuada proliferação de ductos biliares e megalocitose moderada; o Padrão 4 por superfície sem nodulações e com aspecto marmorizado e histologicamente por fibrose em ponte, megalocitose e proliferação de células de ductos de moderadas a acentuadas; o Padrão 5 por superfície sem nodulações e microscopicamente por fibrose em ponte a difusa, megalocitose moderada e acentuada proliferação de células de ductos; e, o Padrão 6 por superfície sem nodulações e microscopicamente por megalocitose acentuada, proliferação de ductos discreta e fibrose em estágio inicial localizada nos espaços porta e veia centrolobular ou como colágeno imaturo entre os cordões de hepatócitos. Os resultados da análise macroscópica e histológica dos fígados dos bovinos demonstraram que os Padrões 1, 2 e 4 foram os mais frequentemente encontrados. Os resultados deste trabalho demonstram que a lesão hepática macroscópica que ocorre em bovinos intoxicados por Senecio spp. é variável e que histologicamente esta variação está relacionada à distribuição e a quantidade da fibrose, à quantidade de megalócitos e à proliferação biliar observadas em cada fígado. A idade dos animais, o tempo de evolução da intoxicação e os sinais clínicos não interferem nos padrões de lesões hepáticas encontradas. Por outro lado, as condições climáticas provavelmente tiveram influência no aumento da freqüência da doença devido ao aumento da disponibilidade da planta.


#32 - Cutaneous pythiosis in cattle in the Southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 29(11):938-942

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Grecco F.B., Schild A.L., Quevedo P., Assis-Brasil N.D., Kommers G.D., Marcolongo-Pereira C. & Soares M.P. 2009. [Cutaneous pythiosis in cattle in the Southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Pitiose cutânea em bovinos na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):938-942. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br An outbreak of cutaneous pythiosis is described in cattle from southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Cattle were introduced into flooded pastures and developed ulcerative and wet cutaneous lesions on distal limbs and Planum nasale. Histologically, the lesions were characterized by multiple granulomas with intralesional hyphae, better seen in the methenamine silver stain, and surrounded by abundant fibrous tissue. Diagnosis was based on epidemiology, gross and histological lesions, and by positive immuno-histochemical reaction with anti-Pythium insidiosum polyclonal antibody. Morbidity was 23.8% and lesions were observed 15-90 days after cattle were introduced in the flooded area. Affected cattle had spontaneous healing without treatment. It is suggested that the disease is more frequent than what was earlier thought, mainly in flooded areas of the Southern region of the Rio Grande do Sul State.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Grecco F.B., Schild A.L., Quevedo P., Assis-Brasil N.D., Kommers G.D., Marcolongo-Pereira C. & Soares M.P. 2009. [Cutaneous pythiosis in cattle in the Southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Pitiose cutânea em bovinos na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(11):938-942. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Descreve-se a ocorrência de pitiose cutânea em bovinos de corte na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Os animais foram introduzidos em área alagada e desenvolveram lesões cutâneas ulcerativas e úmidas, de tamanhos variados, localizadas na região distal dos membros e no chanfro nasal. Histologicamente, as lesões eram caracterizadas por múltiplos granulomas com hifas intralesionais, melhor observadas pela coloração de metenamina nitrato de prata de Gomori, e circundadas por abundante tecido conjuntivo fibroso. O diagnóstico foi realizado com base na epidemiologia, lesões macroscópicas e histológicas e pela reação imuno-histoquímica positiva com anticorpo policlonal anti-Pythium insidiosum. A morbidade foi de 23,8% e os animais adoeceram 15-90 dias após a introdução na área alagada. Em todos os casos as lesões evoluíram para a cura sem tratamento. Sugere-se que a doença possa ser mais frequente em bovinos do que se supõe, principalmente em áreas alagadas da região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul.


#33 - Intoxicação espontânea por Baccharis coridifolia (Compositae) em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul, p.409-414

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Alda J.L., Sallis E.S.V., Nogueira C.E.W., Soares M.P., Amaral L., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Frey Jr F. & Schild A.L. 2009. [Spontaneous Baccharis coridifolia (Compositae) poisoning in horses in southern Brazil.] Intoxicação espontânea por Baccharis coridifolia (Compositae) em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(5):409-414. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br An outbreak of spontaneous Baccharis coridifolia poisoning in horses in July 2008 is reported from southern Brazil. The poisoning affected three mares out of four that were transported from the state of Paraná to a farm in the municipality of Acegua, Rio Grande do Sul, and occurred 3 days after arrival of the animals in a paddock with sprouting B. coridifolia. The fourth mare introduced to another paddock without B. coridifolia was not affected. The mares had received only one third of the concentrate ration previously ingested and stayed during the night in a stall. Clinical signs were abdominal discomfort, increased cardiac and respiratory rate, anorexia, hypermotility of the gut, cecal tympany, and diarrhea. The clinical course was of 18-36 hours. One affected mare survived after symptomatic treatment. Gross lesions were severe congestion, hemorrhages, edema and ulcers of the glandular stomach. Congestion, edema and hemorrhages were also observed in ileum, cecum and large colon. Histologic examination revealed degeneration and necrosis of the aglandular epithelium of the stomach, gastritis and enteritis with infiltration by mononuclear cells and neutrophils, edema of the mucosa, and dilatation of lymphatic vessels. One horse was poisoned experimentally with 1g/kg body weight of B. coridifolia. Clinical signs and lesions were similar to those observed in the spontaneous cases.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Alda J.L., Sallis E.S.V., Nogueira C.E.W., Soares M.P., Amaral L., Marcolongo-Pereira C., Frey Jr F. & Schild A.L. 2009. [Spontaneous Baccharis coridifolia (Compositae) poisoning in horses in southern Brazil.] Intoxicação espontânea por Baccharis coridifolia (Compositae) em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(5):409-414. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br An outbreak of spontaneous Baccharis coridifolia poisoning in horses in July 2008 is reported from southern Brazil. The poisoning affected three mares out of four that were transported from the state of Paraná to a farm in the municipality of Acegua, Rio Grande do Sul, and occurred 3 days after arrival of the animals in a paddock with sprouting B. coridifolia. The fourth mare introduced to another paddock without B. coridifolia was not affected. The mares had received only one third of the concentrate ration previously ingested and stayed during the night in a stall. Clinical signs were abdominal discomfort, increased cardiac and respiratory rate, anorexia, hypermotility of the gut, cecal tympany, and diarrhea. The clinical course was of 18-36 hours. One affected mare survived after symptomatic treatment. Gross lesions were severe congestion, hemorrhages, edema and ulcers of the glandular stomach. Congestion, edema and hemorrhages were also observed in ileum, cecum and large colon. Histologic examination revealed degeneration and necrosis of the aglandular epithelium of the stomach, gastritis and enteritis with infiltration by mononuclear cells and neutrophils, edema of the mucosa, and dilatation of lymphatic vessels. One horse was poisoned experimentally with 1g/kg body weight of B. coridifolia. Clinical signs and lesions were similar to those observed in the spontaneous cases.


#34 - Intoxicação por organofosforados em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no Rio Grande do Sul, p.211-214

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Grecco F.B., Schild A.L., Soares M.P., Raffi M.B., Sallis E.S.V. & Damé M.C. 2009. [Organophosphate poisoning in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in southern Brazil.] Intoxicação por organofosforados em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(3):211-214. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br This paper describes organophosphate (ORF) poisoning in a herd of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in southern Brazil, which were treated with a single dose of 12mg/kg body weight of Expertan® pour-on (chlorpyriphos) to control ectoparasites. Clinical signs, observed 7-45 days after exposure, were diarrhea, hypersalivation, ataxia, muscular tremors, weakness of pelvic limbs, paresis and flaccid paralysis and lateral recumbence. Out of 267 buffaloes 61 died. Necropsy of three animals that died 24-72 hours after onset of clinical signs, revealed congestion and serosal hemorrhages scattered along the bowel, emphysema and edema of the lungs. No significant histopathological changes were found. Residues of chlorpyriphos were detected in liver, kidneys and nervous system of the one necropsied buffalo. Despite the absence of histological lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system, the epidemiological, clinical, gross and toxicological findings suggest delayed neurotoxicity induced by organophosphates.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Grecco F.B., Schild A.L., Soares M.P., Raffi M.B., Sallis E.S.V. & Damé M.C. 2009. [Organophosphate poisoning in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in southern Brazil.] Intoxicação por organofosforados em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(3):211-214. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br This paper describes organophosphate (ORF) poisoning in a herd of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in southern Brazil, which were treated with a single dose of 12mg/kg body weight of Expertan® pour-on (chlorpyriphos) to control ectoparasites. Clinical signs, observed 7-45 days after exposure, were diarrhea, hypersalivation, ataxia, muscular tremors, weakness of pelvic limbs, paresis and flaccid paralysis and lateral recumbence. Out of 267 buffaloes 61 died. Necropsy of three animals that died 24-72 hours after onset of clinical signs, revealed congestion and serosal hemorrhages scattered along the bowel, emphysema and edema of the lungs. No significant histopathological changes were found. Residues of chlorpyriphos were detected in liver, kidneys and nervous system of the one necropsied buffalo. Despite the absence of histological lesions in the central and peripheral nervous system, the epidemiological, clinical, gross and toxicological findings suggest delayed neurotoxicity induced by organophosphates.


#35 - Intoxicação experimental por Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) em caprinos e ovinos, p.488-494

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Araujo J.A.S., Riet-Correa F., Medeiros R.M.T., Soares M.P., Oliveira D.M. & Carvalho F.K.L. 2008. [Experimental poisoning by Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) in goats and sheep.] Intoxicação experimental por Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) em caprinos e ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(10):488-494. Hospital Veterinário, CSTR, Campus de Patos, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB 58700-000, Brazil. E-mail: franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br Ipomoea asarifolia causes a tremogenic syndrome in sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes. The objectives of the experiments were (1) to determine the toxicity to goats of fresh I. asarifolia collected during the raining and the dry season, and the toxicity of the dried plant, and (2) to determine the toxicity of the plant to sheep, and if the active principle is eliminated through the milk. In the first experiment the plant collected in the dry season and in the raining season was fed to 16 goats. The plant collected during the dry season caused clinical signs at the daily doses of 5g and 10g/kg body weight. The plant collected during the raining season was toxic at daily doses of 20g and 30g/kg, indicating that the plant is more toxic during the dry season. The plant collected in the dry season and dried was fed to 9 goats at doses of 1.7g, 2.0g, 3.4g, and 5.1g per kg. Daily doses of 3.0g, 4.0g and 5.1g/kg caused clinical signs, showing that the plant maintains its toxicity after being dried. In the second experiment the fresh plant collected in the dry and in the raining season was fed to 10 sheep. The plant collected in the dry season was toxic at the dose of 5g/kg, and the plant collected in the raining season was toxic at the doses of 10g and 20g/kg. The experimental results suggest that sheep are more susceptible to the poisoning than goats. As some farmers mentioned that suckling non-grazing lambs are poisoned by milk ingestion, I. asarifolia was fed at daily doses of 2.5g, 5.0g and 10g/kg for variable periods to 5 sheep from the day of parturition (2 sheep), after the last day of pregnancy (1 sheep) and 60 days before parturition (2 sheep). The sheep but not the lambs showed clinical signs of intoxication suggesting that the active principle is not eliminated through the milk at doses toxic for the lambs. In one euthanized sheep no gross or histologic lesions were detected. The main ultra-structural findings were found in Purkinje cell dendrites and included swelling, decrease or absence of dendritic spines, decrease or absence of neurotubules and neurofilaments and vacuolation of the dendroplasm. Swelling of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and granular eletrondense inclusions in dendroplasm was observed. Swelling of astrocyte foot processes was conspicuous. It is suggested that these alterations are a result of continuous tremors induced by the plant with liberation of glutamate causing excitotoxicity, which probably constitutes a neuronal mechanism of defense.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Araujo J.A.S., Riet-Correa F., Medeiros R.M.T., Soares M.P., Oliveira D.M. & Carvalho F.K.L. 2008. [Experimental poisoning by Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) in goats and sheep.] Intoxicação experimental por Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulaceae) em caprinos e ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(10):488-494. Hospital Veterinário, CSTR, Campus de Patos, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB 58700-000, Brazil. E-mail: franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br Ipomoea asarifolia causes a tremogenic syndrome in sheep, goats, cattle and buffaloes. The objectives of the experiments were (1) to determine the toxicity to goats of fresh I. asarifolia collected during the raining and the dry season, and the toxicity of the dried plant, and (2) to determine the toxicity of the plant to sheep, and if the active principle is eliminated through the milk. In the first experiment the plant collected in the dry season and in the raining season was fed to 16 goats. The plant collected during the dry season caused clinical signs at the daily doses of 5g and 10g/kg body weight. The plant collected during the raining season was toxic at daily doses of 20g and 30g/kg, indicating that the plant is more toxic during the dry season. The plant collected in the dry season and dried was fed to 9 goats at doses of 1.7g, 2.0g, 3.4g, and 5.1g per kg. Daily doses of 3.0g, 4.0g and 5.1g/kg caused clinical signs, showing that the plant maintains its toxicity after being dried. In the second experiment the fresh plant collected in the dry and in the raining season was fed to 10 sheep. The plant collected in the dry season was toxic at the dose of 5g/kg, and the plant collected in the raining season was toxic at the doses of 10g and 20g/kg. The experimental results suggest that sheep are more susceptible to the poisoning than goats. As some farmers mentioned that suckling non-grazing lambs are poisoned by milk ingestion, I. asarifolia was fed at daily doses of 2.5g, 5.0g and 10g/kg for variable periods to 5 sheep from the day of parturition (2 sheep), after the last day of pregnancy (1 sheep) and 60 days before parturition (2 sheep). The sheep but not the lambs showed clinical signs of intoxication suggesting that the active principle is not eliminated through the milk at doses toxic for the lambs. In one euthanized sheep no gross or histologic lesions were detected. The main ultra-structural findings were found in Purkinje cell dendrites and included swelling, decrease or absence of dendritic spines, decrease or absence of neurotubules and neurofilaments and vacuolation of the dendroplasm. Swelling of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and granular eletrondense inclusions in dendroplasm was observed. Swelling of astrocyte foot processes was conspicuous. It is suggested that these alterations are a result of continuous tremors induced by the plant with liberation of glutamate causing excitotoxicity, which probably constitutes a neuronal mechanism of defense.


#36 - Ectima contagioso em ovinos e caprinos no semi-árido da Paraíba, p.135-139

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Nóbrega Jr J.E., Macêdo J.T.S.A., Araújo J.A.S., Dantas A.F.M., Soares M.P. & Riet-Correa F. 2008. [Contagious echtyma in sheep and goats in the semiarid of Paraíba, Brazil.] Ectima contagioso em ovinos e caprinos no semi-árido da Paraíba. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(3):135-139. Hospital Veterinário, Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil. E-mail: franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br Ten outbreaks of contagious ecthyma in goats and two in sheep in the semiarid of Paraíba State are reported. Young animals were more frequently affected, but in 8 outbreaks adult animals were also affected, mainly lactating goats which developed udder lesions. None of the affected flocks had been vaccinated. Upon histologic examination the epidermis showed acanthosis with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and multifocal ballooning degeneration forming vesicles or pustules. Eosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed in keratinocytes. Crust of necrotic cells, hyperkeratosis, and intracorneal microabscesses or large ulcerated areas were also observed. Severe diffuse infiltration by mononuclear cells was observed in the dermis. A human case was observed in an investigator that was feeding a goat that later appeared with lesions of the disease. In this case, the virus was identified by electron microscopy of a skin biopsy. These results show that contagious ecthyma is endemic in Northeastern Brazil and therefore systematic vaccination of the flocks is necessary to control the disease. The use of gloves to handle affected animals is advisable to minimize the risk of human exposure.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Nóbrega Jr J.E., Macêdo J.T.S.A., Araújo J.A.S., Dantas A.F.M., Soares M.P. & Riet-Correa F. 2008. [Contagious echtyma in sheep and goats in the semiarid of Paraíba, Brazil.] Ectima contagioso em ovinos e caprinos no semi-árido da Paraíba. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(3):135-139. Hospital Veterinário, Centro de Saúde e Tecnologia Rural, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil. E-mail: franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br Ten outbreaks of contagious ecthyma in goats and two in sheep in the semiarid of Paraíba State are reported. Young animals were more frequently affected, but in 8 outbreaks adult animals were also affected, mainly lactating goats which developed udder lesions. None of the affected flocks had been vaccinated. Upon histologic examination the epidermis showed acanthosis with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and multifocal ballooning degeneration forming vesicles or pustules. Eosinophilic inclusion bodies were observed in keratinocytes. Crust of necrotic cells, hyperkeratosis, and intracorneal microabscesses or large ulcerated areas were also observed. Severe diffuse infiltration by mononuclear cells was observed in the dermis. A human case was observed in an investigator that was feeding a goat that later appeared with lesions of the disease. In this case, the virus was identified by electron microscopy of a skin biopsy. These results show that contagious ecthyma is endemic in Northeastern Brazil and therefore systematic vaccination of the flocks is necessary to control the disease. The use of gloves to handle affected animals is advisable to minimize the risk of human exposure.


#37 - Intoxicação por larvas de Perreyia flavipes em bovinos na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul, p.169-173

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Soares M.P., Quevedo P.S. & Schild A.L. 2008. [Perreyia flavipes larvae poisoning in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Intoxicação por larvas de Perreyia flavipes em bovinos na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(3):169-173. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Three outbreaks of poisoning by Perreyia flavipes Konow, 1899 (Hymenoptera: Pergidae) in cattle during July and August 2006 in southern Brazil are reported. The morbidity rate was 0.8%, 6.2% and 33% on the 3 farms, respectively. Fatality rate was 100%. Clinical signs were depression, jaundice, recumbence, pedaling movements and death in 24-48 hours. The liver was enlarged with increased lobular pattern, the mesenteric lymph nodes were edematous and Peyer patches of the small gut were depressed. Petechial hemorrhages and ecchymosis were observed in the mesentery and abomasum. On histologic examination the liver showed centrolobular or massive necrosis. Hemosiderosis and necrosis of the germinative centers of lymph nodes, white pulp of the spleen and Peyer patches were also observed. The poisoning occurred probably due to an intense drought in October-December 2005, when the insect stayed as a cocoon underground. The dry conditions probably avoided a higher number of adult sawflies to emerge from the cocoons, what resulted in greater egg production. The large amount of decaying grass due to almost normal rain fall during summer seemed to have provided favorable environmental conditions for the development of larvae in winter.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Soares M.P., Quevedo P.S. & Schild A.L. 2008. [Perreyia flavipes larvae poisoning in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Intoxicação por larvas de Perreyia flavipes em bovinos na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(3):169-173. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Three outbreaks of poisoning by Perreyia flavipes Konow, 1899 (Hymenoptera: Pergidae) in cattle during July and August 2006 in southern Brazil are reported. The morbidity rate was 0.8%, 6.2% and 33% on the 3 farms, respectively. Fatality rate was 100%. Clinical signs were depression, jaundice, recumbence, pedaling movements and death in 24-48 hours. The liver was enlarged with increased lobular pattern, the mesenteric lymph nodes were edematous and Peyer patches of the small gut were depressed. Petechial hemorrhages and ecchymosis were observed in the mesentery and abomasum. On histologic examination the liver showed centrolobular or massive necrosis. Hemosiderosis and necrosis of the germinative centers of lymph nodes, white pulp of the spleen and Peyer patches were also observed. The poisoning occurred probably due to an intense drought in October-December 2005, when the insect stayed as a cocoon underground. The dry conditions probably avoided a higher number of adult sawflies to emerge from the cocoons, what resulted in greater egg production. The large amount of decaying grass due to almost normal rain fall during summer seemed to have provided favorable environmental conditions for the development of larvae in winter.


#38 - Tristeza parasitária bovina na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul: estudo retrospectivo de 1978-2005

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Almeida M.B., Tortelli F.P., Riet-Correa B., Ferreira J.L.M., Soares M.P., Farias N.A.R., Riet-Correa F. & Schild A.L. 2006. [Tick fever in southern Brazil: a retrospective study of 1978-2005.] Tristeza parasitária bovina na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul: estudo retrospectivo de 1978-2005. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(4):236-242. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br A retrospective study of tick fever was made, which occurred from 1978-2005 in southern Rio Grande do Sul in the influence area of the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas. From 4,884 cattle specimens, sent by practitioners or which were from necropsies performed at the Diagnostic Laboratory, 231 (4.7%) were diagnosed as tick fever. Data from 221 of those outbreaks were analyzed. Ninety one (41.1%) outbreaks were caused by Babesia bovis, 11 (4.9%) by Babesia bigemina, and 65 (29.41%) by Anaplasma marginale. In other 33 (14.93%) outbreaks of babesiosis there is no information if the disease was caused by B. bovis or B. bigemina, and 21 (9.5%) outbreaks were caused by mixed infection of A. marginale and B. bovis or B. bigemina. Mean morbidity, mortality, and letality rates in 149 outbreaks were 11.17%, 6.81%, and 70.04%, respectively. Most outbreaks occurred during summer (January-March) and autumn (April-June), mainly in 1 to 3-year-old cattle. Clinical signs were depression, weakness, fallen ears, fever, and weight loss. Low packed cell volume values were always found. Hemoglobinury was observed in babesiosis. Neurological signs characterized by gait alterations, muscular tremors, aggressiveness and falling down with tonic and clonic convulsions were observed in babesiosis by B. bovis. The main gross lesions were anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, yellow liver and cardiac hemorrhages. Hemoglobinury was observed in babesiosis, and congestion of the cerebral cortex in babesiosis by B. bovis. It is concluded that B. bovis is the main agent causing thick fever in southern Rio Grande do Sul. In that region with a cattle population of 2,630,000 heads the annual losses due to tick fever can be estimated in 6,220 cattle or US$ 1,623,000.00. Preventive measures to diminish tick fever losses in the region are necessary.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Almeida M.B., Tortelli F.P., Riet-Correa B., Ferreira J.L.M., Soares M.P., Farias N.A.R., Riet-Correa F. & Schild A.L. 2006. [Tick fever in southern Brazil: a retrospective study of 1978-2005.] Tristeza parasitária bovina na região sul do Rio Grande do Sul: estudo retrospectivo de 1978-2005. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(4):236-242. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br A retrospective study of tick fever was made, which occurred from 1978-2005 in southern Rio Grande do Sul in the influence area of the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas. From 4,884 cattle specimens, sent by practitioners or which were from necropsies performed at the Diagnostic Laboratory, 231 (4.7%) were diagnosed as tick fever. Data from 221 of those outbreaks were analyzed. Ninety one (41.1%) outbreaks were caused by Babesia bovis, 11 (4.9%) by Babesia bigemina, and 65 (29.41%) by Anaplasma marginale. In other 33 (14.93%) outbreaks of babesiosis there is no information if the disease was caused by B. bovis or B. bigemina, and 21 (9.5%) outbreaks were caused by mixed infection of A. marginale and B. bovis or B. bigemina. Mean morbidity, mortality, and letality rates in 149 outbreaks were 11.17%, 6.81%, and 70.04%, respectively. Most outbreaks occurred during summer (January-March) and autumn (April-June), mainly in 1 to 3-year-old cattle. Clinical signs were depression, weakness, fallen ears, fever, and weight loss. Low packed cell volume values were always found. Hemoglobinury was observed in babesiosis. Neurological signs characterized by gait alterations, muscular tremors, aggressiveness and falling down with tonic and clonic convulsions were observed in babesiosis by B. bovis. The main gross lesions were anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, yellow liver and cardiac hemorrhages. Hemoglobinury was observed in babesiosis, and congestion of the cerebral cortex in babesiosis by B. bovis. It is concluded that B. bovis is the main agent causing thick fever in southern Rio Grande do Sul. In that region with a cattle population of 2,630,000 heads the annual losses due to tick fever can be estimated in 6,220 cattle or US$ 1,623,000.00. Preventive measures to diminish tick fever losses in the region are necessary.


#39 - Anthrax in cattle in southern Brazil: 1978-2006

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Schild A.L., Sallis E.S.V., Priebe A.P., Soares M.P., Almeida M.B., Ladeira S.R.L., Schramm R. & Riet-Correa F. 2006. Anthrax in cattle in southern Brazil: 1978-2006. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(4):243-248. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Univer-sidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Ten outbreaks of anthrax occurred in cattle from 1978 to 2006 in southern Brazil, in 5 municipalities on the border with Uruguay, a country where the disease is frequent. The 10 outbreaks represented 0.2% of all bovine specimens received during the period by the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas, causing 267 deaths in a risk population of 6,605 head. The disease affected young and adult cattle mainly during summer. Only one farmer reported that sheep and horses were also affected. Clinically the peracute form was more frequent, but in some outbreaks the acute form with a clinical manifestation period of 6-48 hours was also observed. The source of infection was not established; but the reduced rainfall, associated with low, flat, flooded lands used for agriculture followed by animal grazing after harvest was probably related to the disease occurrence. Annual vaccination is an efficient way to prevent the disease.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Schild A.L., Sallis E.S.V., Priebe A.P., Soares M.P., Almeida M.B., Ladeira S.R.L., Schramm R. & Riet-Correa F. 2006. Anthrax in cattle in southern Brazil: 1978-2006. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(4):243-248. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, Univer-sidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário s/n, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Ten outbreaks of anthrax occurred in cattle from 1978 to 2006 in southern Brazil, in 5 municipalities on the border with Uruguay, a country where the disease is frequent. The 10 outbreaks represented 0.2% of all bovine specimens received during the period by the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory of the Federal University of Pelotas, causing 267 deaths in a risk population of 6,605 head. The disease affected young and adult cattle mainly during summer. Only one farmer reported that sheep and horses were also affected. Clinically the peracute form was more frequent, but in some outbreaks the acute form with a clinical manifestation period of 6-48 hours was also observed. The source of infection was not established; but the reduced rainfall, associated with low, flat, flooded lands used for agriculture followed by animal grazing after harvest was probably related to the disease occurrence. Annual vaccination is an efficient way to prevent the disease.


#40 - Ehrlichiose monocítica eqüina no Rio Grande do Sul: aspectos clínicos, anátomo-patológicos e epidemiológicos

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Coimbra H.S., Fernandes C.G., Soares M.P., Meireles M.C.A., Radamés R. & Schuch L.F.D. 2006. [Equine monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Rio Grande do Sul: clinical, pathological and epidemiological aspects.] Ehrlichiose monocítica eqüina no Rio Grande do Sul: aspectos clínicos, anátomo-patológicos e epidemiológicos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(2):97-101. Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: bitoxu@ig.com.br A spontaneous outbreak of equine monocytic Ehrlichiosis (EME) is described. The disease occurred from November 2001 to February 2002 on a farm in the municipality of Arroio Grande, located at the western edge of the Mirim Lake, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Out of 50 horses 13 were affected and 6 died. The morbidity was 26% and the mortality 46.1%. The affected horses were 1-5 years old. The most important clinical sign was a profuse acute diarrhea. At necropsy of a horse that died with clinical signs of the disease, the main alterations were characterized by hemorrhagic areas of the mucosa of the large intestine with liquid contents, and congested and hemorrhagic areas alternating with normal areas as well as nodules with purulent secretion in the mucosa of the small intestine. The histological changes were characterized by moderate mononuclear infiltration of the mucosa, characterizing a lympho-histiocytic enteritis with predominance of macrophages. In the jejunum and ileum, related to the invagination of crypts and villi, a granulomatous enteritis was observed. To confirm the diagnosis of infection by Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) risticii, blood samples of seven affected horses were taken and a polimerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. Three tested blood samples were positive (42.8%) with observation of a band of 529pb characteristic of N. risticii.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Coimbra H.S., Fernandes C.G., Soares M.P., Meireles M.C.A., Radamés R. & Schuch L.F.D. 2006. [Equine monocytic Ehrlichiosis in Rio Grande do Sul: clinical, pathological and epidemiological aspects.] Ehrlichiose monocítica eqüina no Rio Grande do Sul: aspectos clínicos, anátomo-patológicos e epidemiológicos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(2):97-101. Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: bitoxu@ig.com.br A spontaneous outbreak of equine monocytic Ehrlichiosis (EME) is described. The disease occurred from November 2001 to February 2002 on a farm in the municipality of Arroio Grande, located at the western edge of the Mirim Lake, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Out of 50 horses 13 were affected and 6 died. The morbidity was 26% and the mortality 46.1%. The affected horses were 1-5 years old. The most important clinical sign was a profuse acute diarrhea. At necropsy of a horse that died with clinical signs of the disease, the main alterations were characterized by hemorrhagic areas of the mucosa of the large intestine with liquid contents, and congested and hemorrhagic areas alternating with normal areas as well as nodules with purulent secretion in the mucosa of the small intestine. The histological changes were characterized by moderate mononuclear infiltration of the mucosa, characterizing a lympho-histiocytic enteritis with predominance of macrophages. In the jejunum and ileum, related to the invagination of crypts and villi, a granulomatous enteritis was observed. To confirm the diagnosis of infection by Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) risticii, blood samples of seven affected horses were taken and a polimerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed. Three tested blood samples were positive (42.8%) with observation of a band of 529pb characteristic of N. risticii.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UNB UFRRJ CFMV