Resultado da pesquisa (7)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa fraturas

#1 - Fatal traumatic injuries in free-living wild Passeriformes and Psittaciformes birds in Central Brazil, 2006-2018

Abstract in English:

Traumatic injuries are a significant cause of death for birds worldwide, as they are at an increased risk of collisions and other injuries due to man-made environments. This study examined the frequency and morphological characteristics of fatal traumatic injuries in endemic and migratory Passeriformes and Psittaciformes from the Cerrado Biome, a biodiverse but threatened area in Brazil. Results showed that fatal traumatic injuries were found in 21.8% of birds (285/1305), mainly in spring and summer, during the birds’ reproductive period. The yellow-chevroned parakeet (Brotogeris chiriri) and Passeriformes from the Thraupidae family were the most affected. Nearly 70% of the fatal injuries observed were to the thoracic, pelvic limbs, and skull, and types of fractures and affected bones were thoroughly evaluated. Blunt traumas were one of the most frequent causes of injuries. Injuries affecting the appendicular skeleton and head represented significant causes of traumatic death for Passeriformes and Psittaciformes. The frequency of these fatal injuries has been increasing in recent years, which may be related to the remarkable environmental changes in the Cerrado Biome and jeopardize the survival of many bird species.

Abstract in Portuguese:

As lesões traumáticas são uma causa significativa de morte nas aves em todo o mundo, pois apresentam um risco maior de colisões e outras lesões devido aos ambientes degradados e criados pelo homem. Este estudo examinou a frequência e as características morfológicas das lesões traumáticas fatais em Passeriformes e Psittaciformes endêmicos e migratórios do Bioma Cerrado, uma área com rica biodiversidade, mas ameaçada no Brasil. Os resultados demostraram que as lesões traumáticas fatais foram observadas em 21,8% das aves (285/1305), principalmente na primavera e verão, durante a época reprodutiva das aves. O periquito-do-encontro-amarelo (Brotogeris chiriri) e Passeriformes da família Thraupidae foram as aves mais frequentemente acometidas. Por volta de 70% das lesões fatais observadas foram nos membros torácicos e pélvicos, e crânio, e os tipos de fraturas e ossos afetados foram minuciosamente avaliados. Os traumas contudentes foram as principais causas das lesões. As injúrias que afetaram o esqueleto apendicular e a cabeça representaram as mais importantes causas de morte traumática para Passeriformes e Psittaciformes. A frequência dessas lesões fatais vem aumentando nos últimos anos, o que pode estar relacionado às mudanças ambientais marcantes no Bioma Cerrado e colocar em risco a sobrevivência de muitas espécies de aves.


#2 - Development of spinal walking in paraplegic dogs with thoracolumbar spinal fractures/luxations, 37(8):853-858

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Araújo B.M., Fernandes T.H.T., Baraúna Junior D., Bonelli M.A., Amorim M.M.A. & Tudury E.A. 2017. [Development of spinal walking in paraplegic dogs with thoracolumbar spinal fractures/luxations.] Desenvolvimento de caminhar espinal em cães paraplégicos com fraturas e luxações vertebrais toracolombares. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(8):853-858. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil. E-mail: bmaraujo85@hotmail.com Thoracolumbar vertebral fractures and luxations (VFL) are one of the most common neurological disorders in veterinary neurology and one of the most serious and challenging disorders due to the high risk of permanent paralysis, leading many dogs to be euthanized without treatment due to the reports of unfavorable prognosis about ambulation in animals that lost nociception. This study aimed to describe the neurophysiologic bases responsible for the development of the spinal walking and examine in 37 dogs affected with thoracolumbar VFL, data relating to the recovery rate of animals with and without nociceptionIn those without nociception was analyzed the frequency of the spinal walking animals that developed for its appearance, and the average period was established. Regarding the degree of injury to recovery rates, 14/37 dogs (37.8%) had nociception, in which the rate of recovery of voluntary ambulation was 100%. While 23/37 dogs (62.1%) lost the nociception, where no voluntary ambulation was regained ambulation, occurred death from various causes in seven of these. From 16 dogs without nociception and survivors who underwent conservative or surgical treatment, five (31.25%) regained the ability to walk without regaining nociception; this was attributed to spinal walking, where the average time for their development was 115 days. According to the results of this study, the single parameter of loss of the nociception should not discourage the therapy, as paraplegic dogs with thoracolumbar VFL can develop involuntary ambulation.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Araújo B.M., Fernandes T.H.T., Baraúna Junior D., Bonelli M.A., Amorim M.M.A. & Tudury E.A. 2017. [Development of spinal walking in paraplegic dogs with thoracolumbar spinal fractures/luxations.] Desenvolvimento de caminhar espinal em cães paraplégicos com fraturas e luxações vertebrais toracolombares. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(8):853-858. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil. E-mail: bmaraujo85@hotmail.com Fraturas e luxações vertebrais (FLV) toracolombares estão dentre as afecções neurológicas mais frequentes na neurologia veterinária. São um dos distúrbios mais graves e desafiadores, devido ao elevado risco de paralisia permanente, levando muitos animais a serem submetidos à eutanásia, devido ao prognóstico desfavorável nos animais que perderam a nocicepção. Objetivou-se descrever as bases neurofisiológicas responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento do caminhar espinal e analisar, em 37 cães acometidos por FLV toracolombares, os dados referentes à taxa de recuperação dos animais com e sem nocicepção. Naqueles sem nocicepção, analisou-se ainda a frequência dos animais que desenvolveram caminhar espinal e o período médio para seu aparecimento. Em relação ao grau da lesão a as taxas de recuperação, 14/37 animais (37,8%) possuíam nocicepção, no qual a taxa de recuperação da deambulação voluntaria e das funções viscerais foi de 100%. Enquanto que 23/37 animais (62,1%) perderam a nocicepção, no qual nenhum recuperou a deambulação voluntária, ocorrendo morte por causas diversas em sete destes. Dos 16 animais sem nocicepção sobreviventes e que foram submetidos ao tratamento conservativo ou cirúrgico, cinco (31,25%) readquiriram a capacidade de caminhar (tempo médio de 115 dias) sem recuperar a nocicepção, sendo esta deambulação involuntária atribuída ao caminhar espinal. De acordo com os resultados desta pesquisa, o parâmetro isolado da perda da nocicepção não deve desencorajar a realização da terapia, pois em cães paraplégicos com FLV toracolombares, há possibilidade de ocorrer desenvolvimento de deambulação involuntária.


#3 - Clinical and epidemiological study in dogs with thoracolumbar vertebrae fractures and luxations, 37(8):866-870

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Araújo B.M., Fernandes T.H.T., Baraúna Junior D., Bonelli M.A., Amorim M.M.A. & Tudury E.A. 2017. [Clinical and epidemiological study in dogs with thoracolumbar vertebrae fractures and luxations.] Estudo clínico e epidemiológico em cães com fraturas e luxações vertebrais toracolombares. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(8):866-870. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil. E-mail: bmaraujo85@hotmail.com Vertebral fractures and luxations (VFL) are one of the most common and severe neurological issues found in clinical practice, with an elevated risk of permanent damage to the spinal cord. Our objective was to study the characteristics and implications associated with thoracolumbar VFL in 37 dogs, aiming assist a better clinical approach to patients with this disease. The VFL were more common in intact males with access to the street. Regarding etiology, 32 dogs were involved in car accidents. Of the dogs included in this research, 14 had non-neurological issues in other systems. The presence of unstable fractures was the most common radiographic change. In 16.2% of the dogs, vertebral lesions were observed outside the main site. Mean time until initial neurologic exam varied between one and 720 days, and most dogs were referred without external coaptation. There was a significant difference in recovery of the dogs when comparing a degree of dislocation of 0 to 25% and 76 to 100%.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Araújo B.M., Fernandes T.H.T., Baraúna Junior D., Bonelli M.A., Amorim M.M.A. & Tudury E.A. 2017. [Clinical and epidemiological study in dogs with thoracolumbar vertebrae fractures and luxations.] Estudo clínico e epidemiológico em cães com fraturas e luxações vertebrais toracolombares. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37(8):866-870. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil. E-mail: bmaraujo85@hotmail.com Fraturas e luxações vertebrais (FLV) estão dentre as principais afecções que acometem a coluna vertebral em cães, com elevado risco de danos permanentes às estruturas neurais. Objetivou-se estudar as características e implicações associadas às FLV toracolombares em 37 cães, visando auxiliar uma melhor abordagem clínica em pacientes com esta afecção. As FLV foram mais comuns em machos não castrados com acesso a rua. Dentre a etiologia, 32 cães foram acometidos por acidente automobilístico. 14 cães apresentaram lesões não neurológicas em outros sistemas orgânicos. A presença de fraturas instáveis foi a alteração radiográfica mais comum. Em 16,2% dos animais, observaram-se lesões vertebrais fora do foco principal. O tempo até o atendimento neurológico inicial variou de um a 720 dias, no qual a maioria foi encaminhada sem imobilização externa. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante quanto à recuperação neurológica ao se comparar os graus de deslocamento de 0 a 25% e de 76 a 100%.


#4 - Conservative and surgical treatment in 22 ruminants with limb fractures, 34(11):1045-1050

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Câmara A.C.L., Calado E.B., Antunes J.M.A.P., Oliveira C.M.M., Afonso J.A.B. & Costa N.A. 2014. [Conservative and surgical treatment in 22 ruminants with limb fractures.] Tratamento conservativo e cirúrgico em 22 ruminantes com fraturas em membros. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(11):1045-1050. Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, BR-110 Km 47, Presidente Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: aclcamara@yahoo.com.br The aim of the present study was to report the main locations of limb fractures in 22 ruminants and to determine the efficiency of the treatment choices. Eight goats, eight sheep and six cattle were included. In cases of distal fractures, the conservative treatment with immobilization was the method of choice. In cases of proximal, exposed metatarsal or metacarpal fractures, the ruminants were treated surgically. The higher frequency of fractures involved the metacarpal or metatarsal (54.5%) followed by fractures of the tibia (22.7%), femur (9%) and isolated cases of medial phalanx, humerus, radius and ulna fractures (4.5% each). Total recovery rate reached 95.4%. Immobilization with plaster associated with Thomas splint, or just with wooden splints in young animals, was efficient in reducing fractures of metacarpal, metatarsal, tibia, humerus, and radio in the treated ruminants. In the case of medial phalanx fracture, immobilization using only plaster was sufficient to provide adequate bone repair. The internal or external skeletal fixation should be considered an option in the treatment of metacarpal, metatarsal, tibial and femoral fractures in ruminants, especially in low body weight animals.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Câmara A.C.L., Calado E.B., Antunes J.M.A.P., Oliveira C.M.M., Afonso J.A.B. & Costa N.A. 2014. [Conservative and surgical treatment in 22 ruminants with limb fractures.] Tratamento conservativo e cirúrgico em 22 ruminantes com fraturas em membros. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(11):1045-1050. Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, BR-110 Km 47, Presidente Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN 59625-900, Brazil. E-mail: aclcamara@yahoo.com.br O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar os principais locais de fraturas em membros de 22 ruminantes e determinar a eficiência dos tratamentos utilizados. Foram incluídos no estudo oito caprinos, oito ovinos e seis bovinos Em casos de fraturas distais, o tratamento conservativo com imobilização foi o método de eleição. Em casos de fraturas proximais e fraturas expostas de metatarso ou metacarpo, os ruminantes foram tratados cirurgicamente. Observou-se maior frequência de fraturas envolvendo o metacarpo ou metatarso (54,5%), seguido por fraturas de tíbia (22,7%), fêmur (9%) e casos isolados de fraturas de falange medial, úmero, rádio e ulna (4,5% cada). O índice de recuperação total alcançou 95,4%. A imobilização com gesso associada à tala de Thomas, ou apenas com talas de madeira em animais jovens, foi eficiente na redução de fraturas de metacarpo, metatarso, tíbia, úmero e rádio nos ruminantes tratados. Enquanto no caso de fratura de falange medial, a imobilização com uso apenas de gesso foi suficiente para proporcionar reparação óssea adequada. A fixação esquelética externa ou interna deve ser considerada uma opção no tratamento de fraturas metacárpicas, metatársicas, tibiais e femorais em ruminantes, principalmente quando o animal for de baixo peso corporal.


#5 - Estudo da biomecânica oclusal e da aderência da resina acrílica auto-polimerizável (polimetilmetacrilato) em fraturas de rinoteca de tucanos (Ramphastos toco), p.335-340

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Fecchio R.S., Gomes M.S., Kolososki J., Petri B.S.S., Rossi Jr J.L. & Gioso M.A. 2008. [Study of the occlusion biomechanics and adherence of acrylic resin (polimetilmetacrilate) in fractures of rhinotheca in toucans (Ramphastos toco).] Estudo da biomecânica oclusal e da aderência da resina acrílica auto-polimerizável (polimetilmetacrilato) em fraturas de rinoteca de tucanos (Ramphastos toco). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(7):335-340. Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques de Paiva 87, Bloco 8 superior, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: rfecchio@gmail.com Traction effort was applied perpendicularly to the axis of toucan beaks and for accomplishment of the essay a dynamometer was used. The beak was completely fractured when submitted to traction of 270.40 N. For fixation of the fractured beaks acrylic resin was applied using a strip of 2.0cm of width. The second beak presented resistance up to 69.75 N. The third beak was submitted to acid conditioning and resisted to force of 63.29 N. Other two new tests were accomplished the whole surface of the rhinotheca filled out. The fourth beak was not submitted to the acid attack and it resisted up to 134.40 N, and the fifth was submitted to the acid etch and it resisted up to 101.50 N. The present work did not observe statistical correlation and, consequently, differences among the procedures with previous use of acid attack and those without the use of the same.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Fecchio R.S., Gomes M.S., Kolososki J., Petri B.S.S., Rossi Jr J.L. & Gioso M.A. 2008. [Study of the occlusion biomechanics and adherence of acrylic resin (polimetilmetacrilate) in fractures of rhinotheca in toucans (Ramphastos toco).] Estudo da biomecânica oclusal e da aderência da resina acrílica auto-polimerizável (polimetilmetacrilato) em fraturas de rinoteca de tucanos (Ramphastos toco). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(7):335-340. Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques de Paiva 87, Bloco 8 superior, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: rfecchio@gmail.com Traction effort was applied perpendicularly to the axis of toucan beaks and for accomplishment of the essay a dynamometer was used. The beak was completely fractured when submitted to traction of 270.40 N. For fixation of the fractured beaks acrylic resin was applied using a strip of 2.0cm of width. The second beak presented resistance up to 69.75 N. The third beak was submitted to acid conditioning and resisted to force of 63.29 N. Other two new tests were accomplished the whole surface of the rhinotheca filled out. The fourth beak was not submitted to the acid attack and it resisted up to 134.40 N, and the fifth was submitted to the acid etch and it resisted up to 101.50 N. The present work did not observe statistical correlation and, consequently, differences among the procedures with previous use of acid attack and those without the use of the same.


#6 - Avaliação do uso de haste bloqueada e bloqueio transcortical no reparo de fraturas diafisárias de fêmur em felino, p.201-206

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Romano L., Ferrígno C.R.A., Ferraz,V.C.M. Della Nina M., Ito K.C. 2008. [Evaluation of the use of interlocking nail and transcortical blockade for the repair of diaphyseal fractures of the femur in cats.] Avaliação do uso de haste bloqueada e bloqueio transcortical no reparo de fraturas diafisárias de fêmur em felinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(4):201-206. Departamento de Cirurgia do Hospital Veterinário, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: lromano@usp.br Interlocking nails allow rigid fracture stabilization and present biomechanical advantages when compared to other immobilization techniques. It acts along the central mechanical axis of the bone and preserves biological concept standards for osteosynthesis. The use of interlocking nail in cats is limited because the intramedullary space is relatively small for the available nail sizes. We reported 10 cases of cats that had simple or multiple closed fractures of the femoral diaphysis. The animals weighed 3.5 to 5 kg , which allowed using nails of 4.0mm and 4.7mm in diameter. For the nail insertion, retrograde and normograde routs were used, and four 2mm titanium screws were used to lock all the perforations. No trans-surgical complication occurred, however, due to a new trauma, one of the animals suffered femoral neck fracture and transversal distal fracture to the nail, three days after surgery. Radiographies were made up to four months after surgery, and in most cases secondary bone formation was seen, showing bone consolidation in 61-89 days, excluding the animal who suffered new trauma, who presented bone healing in 150 days. Clinically, occasional lameness occurred; however, except for the animal that had new trauma, all animals initiated adequate limb support in 3 to 8 days after surgery. In conclusion, the use of 4.0mm and 4.7mm interlocking nails in felines was adequate, with bone healing in all cases, and also return of good limb function after surgery.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Romano L., Ferrígno C.R.A., Ferraz,V.C.M. Della Nina M., Ito K.C. 2008. [Evaluation of the use of interlocking nail and transcortical blockade for the repair of diaphyseal fractures of the femur in cats.] Avaliação do uso de haste bloqueada e bloqueio transcortical no reparo de fraturas diafisárias de fêmur em felinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(4):201-206. Departamento de Cirurgia do Hospital Veterinário, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: lromano@usp.br Interlocking nails allow rigid fracture stabilization and present biomechanical advantages when compared to other immobilization techniques. It acts along the central mechanical axis of the bone and preserves biological concept standards for osteosynthesis. The use of interlocking nail in cats is limited because the intramedullary space is relatively small for the available nail sizes. We reported 10 cases of cats that had simple or multiple closed fractures of the femoral diaphysis. The animals weighed 3.5 to 5 kg , which allowed using nails of 4.0mm and 4.7mm in diameter. For the nail insertion, retrograde and normograde routs were used, and four 2mm titanium screws were used to lock all the perforations. No trans-surgical complication occurred, however, due to a new trauma, one of the animals suffered femoral neck fracture and transversal distal fracture to the nail, three days after surgery. Radiographies were made up to four months after surgery, and in most cases secondary bone formation was seen, showing bone consolidation in 61-89 days, excluding the animal who suffered new trauma, who presented bone healing in 150 days. Clinically, occasional lameness occurred; however, except for the animal that had new trauma, all animals initiated adequate limb support in 3 to 8 days after surgery. In conclusion, the use of 4.0mm and 4.7mm interlocking nails in felines was adequate, with bone healing in all cases, and also return of good limb function after surgery.


#7 - Estudo comparativo entre as osteossínteses com placas e osteossínteses com placas associadas a enxertos de proteína morfogenética óssea (Gen-Techâ) em fraturas distais de rádio-ulna em cães com menos

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Ferrigno C.R.A.,Della Nina M.I. & Fantoni D.T. 2007. [A comparative study of osteosynthesis with plates and plates associated with grafts of bone morphogenic proteins (Gen-Techâ) in distal radio-ulna fractures in dogs with less than 6 quilograms.] Estudo comparativo entre as osteossínteses com placas e osteossínteses com placas associadas a enxertos de proteína morfogenética óssea (Gen-Techâ) em fraturas distais de rádio-ulna em cães com menos de 6 quilos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(2):65-69. Departamento de Cirurgia do Hospital Veterinário, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-900. E-mail: cassioaf@usp.br It is well known that bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) cause osteogenesis, yet clinical research must be performed in order to really show their benefits. Animals weighing less than 6 kg show well known difficulties regarding radius and ulna fracture repair mainly with bone non-union, due to poor vascularization of the distal portion of the radius. Therefore this study aimed to compare the velocity of bone callus formation in the treatment of fracture repair with plates and screws alone or with plates and screws plus BMP. Thirty three dogs with radius and ulna fractures were distributed into two groups, where animals of the control group received the conservative treatment performed with screws and plates alone, whilst the other group received the conservative treatment and BMP. The time of bone callus formation was evaluated comparatively through radiographic exams 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 210 days after the surgical procedure. Animals treated with BMP showed a healing time of 32±15 days, which was significantly different (p <0.001) from the control group which required 127±34 days. With the results obtained, it can be concluded that the distal radio-ulna fractures of dogs weighing less than 6 kg suffered a significant reduction of the bone callus formation time, which was around 90 days.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Ferrigno C.R.A.,Della Nina M.I. & Fantoni D.T. 2007. [A comparative study of osteosynthesis with plates and plates associated with grafts of bone morphogenic proteins (Gen-Techâ) in distal radio-ulna fractures in dogs with less than 6 quilograms.] Estudo comparativo entre as osteossínteses com placas e osteossínteses com placas associadas a enxertos de proteína morfogenética óssea (Gen-Techâ) em fraturas distais de rádio-ulna em cães com menos de 6 quilos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(2):65-69. Departamento de Cirurgia do Hospital Veterinário, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-900. E-mail: cassioaf@usp.br It is well known that bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) cause osteogenesis, yet clinical research must be performed in order to really show their benefits. Animals weighing less than 6 kg show well known difficulties regarding radius and ulna fracture repair mainly with bone non-union, due to poor vascularization of the distal portion of the radius. Therefore this study aimed to compare the velocity of bone callus formation in the treatment of fracture repair with plates and screws alone or with plates and screws plus BMP. Thirty three dogs with radius and ulna fractures were distributed into two groups, where animals of the control group received the conservative treatment performed with screws and plates alone, whilst the other group received the conservative treatment and BMP. The time of bone callus formation was evaluated comparatively through radiographic exams 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 210 days after the surgical procedure. Animals treated with BMP showed a healing time of 32±15 days, which was significantly different (p <0.001) from the control group which required 127±34 days. With the results obtained, it can be concluded that the distal radio-ulna fractures of dogs weighing less than 6 kg suffered a significant reduction of the bone callus formation time, which was around 90 days.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UNB UFRRJ CFMV