PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Birgel D.B., Muller A.F., Fantinato-Neto P., Benesi F.J. & Birgel Junior E.H. 2014. [Evaluation of the erythrocyte pattern and the repercussions of anemic status in white blood cells of goats with gastrointestinal helminthiasis.] Avaliação do quadro eritrocitário e da repercussão do estado anêmico no leucograma de caprinos com verminose gastrintestinal. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(3):199-204. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Campus da USP, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil. E-mail: dabirgel@gmail.com In order to characterize the anemia and its impact over the white blood cell count (WBC) due to gastrointestinal parasitism, cells blood count (CBC) of 96 adult Saanen goats were performed. Fifty-seven of these goats were anemic. The disease diagnosis was based on the characteristic signals of gastrointestinal parasitism (whitened conjunctival mucous, submandibular edema, loss of weight and bristling hair coat), confirmed by the presence of Trichostrongyloidea eggs in the stool test. The blood samples were collected from the jugular vein using an EDTA siliconized tubes with vacuum. Erythrocyte counts, packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, blood indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC), total leukocyte counts, and differential leukocyte count were performed. The goats were divided into four groups based on the magnitude of packed cell volume decrease: (1) goats without anemia, (2) mild anemia, (3) moderate anemia, and (4) severe anemia. Normocytic and normochromic anemia were observed in animals with mild to moderate anemia, while in animals with severe anemia (decreased more than half of normal values of He, Ht, Hb) hypochromic and normocytic anemia was observed. The total number of leukocytes did not change, while the anemic state due to gastrointestinal parasitism determined neutrophilia without a left shift, monocytosis and lymphopenia absolute. It was observed a change of the pattern leukocyte count, which becoming mostly neutrophilic. This reversal was more pronounced as the anemic process became more intense.

• Gastrointestinal helminthiasis anemia helminthiasis Helmintose gastrintestinal anemia

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Birgel D.B., Muller A.F., Fantinato-Neto P., Benesi F.J. & Birgel Junior E.H. 2014. [Evaluation of the erythrocyte pattern and the repercussions of anemic status in white blood cells of goats with gastrointestinal helminthiasis.] Avaliação do quadro eritrocitário e da repercussão do estado anêmico no leucograma de caprinos com verminose gastrintestinal. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(3):199-204. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Campus da USP, Pirassununga, SP 13635-900, Brazil. E-mail: dabirgel@gmail.com RESUMO.- Com o intuito de caracterizar a anemia decorrente da verminose gastrintestinal e avaliar as alterações no leucograma, foram realizadas hemogramas de 96 caprinos da raça Saanen adultos, sendo que 57 destes estavam anêmicos. O diagnóstico da enfermidade foi realizado pelos sintomas característicos da doença como mucosas conjuntival esbranquiçadas, edema submandibular, emagrecimento e pelame arrepiado, confirmados por exame de fezes no qual se detectou a presença de ovos da superfamília Trichostrongyloidea. As amostras de sangue foram colhidas por punção da veia jugular, utilizando-se o EDTA como anticoagulante. Realizaram-se as seguintes provas: contagem do numero de hemácias, determinação do volume globular, dosagem de hemoglobina, cálculo dos índices hematimétricos (VCM, HCM e CHCM), contagem do número total de leucócitos e a contagem diferencial de leucócitos, efetuada em esfregaços sanguíneos, corados pelo método de Rosenfeld. Os animais foram divididos em grupos, baseado na magnitude da diminuição do volume globular, (1) animais sem anemia, (2) anemia de grau leve, (3) anemia moderada e (4) anemia intensa. Nos processos anêmicos leves ou moderados a anemia era do tipo normocítico e normocrômico, enquanto nos animais com anemia intensa (diminuição maior que metade dos valores normais de He, Ht, Hb) observou-se anemia do tipo normocítico e hipocrômico. O estado anêmico decorrente da verminose gastrintestinal determinou normoleucocitemia, neutrofilia sem desvio a esquerda, monocitose e linfopenia absoluta. Observou-se inversão do padrão leucocitário, que passou de linfocitário para neutrofílico. Essa inversão acentuou-se à medida que a gravidade da anemia verminótica tornava-se mais intensa.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Costa V.M.M., Simões S.V.D. & Riet-Correa F. 2009. [Parasitic diseases in ruminants in the Brazilian semiarid.] Doenças parasitárias em ruminantes no semi-árido brasileiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(7):563-568. Hospital Veterinário, CSTR, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil. Email: franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br Clinical cases and diagnostic specimens from ruminants received by the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Campina Grande in Patos, Paraíba, Brazil, from January 2000 to August 2007, were reviewed to evaluate some epidemiological aspects of parasitic diseases of ruminants in the semiarid region of Paraíba and neighboring states. The region has an annual rainfall of about 800mm, with irregular rains concentrated in a 3 to 4-month-period, and an average annual temperature of 26°C. During those years, 163 (5.31%) out of 3,064 ruminants were affected by some parasitic disease. The most important parasitosis in goats and sheep was gastrointestinal helminthiasis, mainly hemonchosis; goats were more affected (6.24% of cases in this species) than sheep (4.7% of cases). The higher frequency of the disease in goats may be associated with higher susceptibility or due to treatment mistakes, i.e. use of the same dose for both species, which for most anti-antihelmintics is insufficient for goats. Cattle have a low rate of gastrointestinal helminthiasis (1 out of 1,113 cases). This low frequency is probably due to the farming system in the semiarid, with low stocking rate, up to one adult bovine for every 13-16 ha, and permanence of calves (susceptible) with their mothers (resistant) for nearly one year before weaning. The occurrence of eimeriosis in goats and sheep was observed in 0.76% of the cases, involving only young animals. The main cattle disease was tick fever with 14 outbreaks. Outbreaks of tick fever occur, mainly at the end of the raining season in areas of the semiarid which are marginal for tick, like plateaus and mountains of the Borborema region, irrigated areas, and areas of the basins of two rivers of the region. In the drier areas of the semiarid Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus do not survive during the dry period, but tick fever can occur when cattle with ticks are introduced at the onset of the raining season.

• Ruminant; parasitic diseases helminthiasis parasitosis tick fever

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Costa V.M.M., Simões S.V.D. & Riet-Correa F. 2009. [Parasitic diseases in ruminants in the Brazilian semiarid.] Doenças parasitárias em ruminantes no semi-árido brasileiro. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(7):563-568. Hospital Veterinário, CSTR, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus de Patos, 58700-970 Patos, PB, Brazil. Email: franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br Clinical cases and diagnostic specimens from ruminants received by the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Campina Grande in Patos, Paraíba, Brazil, from January 2000 to August 2007, were reviewed to evaluate some epidemiological aspects of parasitic diseases of ruminants in the semiarid region of Paraíba and neighboring states. The region has an annual rainfall of about 800mm, with irregular rains concentrated in a 3 to 4-month-period, and an average annual temperature of 26°C. During those years, 163 (5.31%) out of 3,064 ruminants were affected by some parasitic disease. The most important parasitosis in goats and sheep was gastrointestinal helminthiasis, mainly hemonchosis; goats were more affected (6.24% of cases in this species) than sheep (4.7% of cases). The higher frequency of the disease in goats may be associated with higher susceptibility or due to treatment mistakes, i.e. use of the same dose for both species, which for most anti-antihelmintics is insufficient for goats. Cattle have a low rate of gastrointestinal helminthiasis (1 out of 1,113 cases). This low frequency is probably due to the farming system in the semiarid, with low stocking rate, up to one adult bovine for every 13-16 ha, and permanence of calves (susceptible) with their mothers (resistant) for nearly one year before weaning. The occurrence of eimeriosis in goats and sheep was observed in 0.76% of the cases, involving only young animals. The main cattle disease was tick fever with 14 outbreaks. Outbreaks of tick fever occur, mainly at the end of the raining season in areas of the semiarid which are marginal for tick, like plateaus and mountains of the Borborema region, irrigated areas, and areas of the basins of two rivers of the region. In the drier areas of the semiarid Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus do not survive during the dry period, but tick fever can occur when cattle with ticks are introduced at the onset of the raining season.