Resultado da pesquisa (19)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa fibrosis

#11 - Expression and distribution of connexin 32 in rat liver with experimentally induced fibrosis, p.353-357

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Santos-Rodrigues A., Dagli M.L.Z., Avanzo J.L., Moraes H.P., Mackowiak I.I. & Hernandez-Blazquez F.J. 2009. Expression and distribution of connexin 32 in rat liver with experimentally induced fibrosis. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(4):353-357. Departamento de Cirurgia, Setor de Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: alexsantos@usp.br The connexin 32 (Cx32) is a protein that forms the channels that promote the gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in the liver, allowing the diffusion of small molecules through cytosol from cell-to-cell. Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by a disruption of normal tissue architeture by cellular lesions, and may alter the GJIC. This work aimed to study the expression and distribution of Cx32 in liver fibrosis induced by the oral administration of dimethylnitrosamine in female Wistar rats. The necropsy of the rats was carried out after five weeks of drug administration. They presented a hepatic fibrosis state. Sections from livers with fibrosis and from control livers were submitted to immunohistochemical, Real Time-PCR and Western-Blot analysis to Cx32. In fibrotic livers the Cxs were diffusely scattered in the cytoplasm, contrasting with the control livers, where the Cx32 formed junction plaques at the cell membrane. Also it was found a decrease in the gene expression of Cx32 without reduction in the protein quantity when compared with controls. These results suggest that there the mechanism of intercellular communication between hepatocytes was reduced by the fibrotic process, which may predispose to the occurrence of a neoplastic process, taken in account that connexins are considered tumor suppressing genes.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Santos-Rodrigues A., Dagli M.L.Z., Avanzo J.L., Moraes H.P., Mackowiak I.I. & Hernandez-Blazquez F.J. 2009. Expression and distribution of connexin 32 in rat liver with experimentally induced fibrosis. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(4):353-357. Departamento de Cirurgia, Setor de Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil. E-mail: alexsantos@usp.br The connexin 32 (Cx32) is a protein that forms the channels that promote the gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in the liver, allowing the diffusion of small molecules through cytosol from cell-to-cell. Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by a disruption of normal tissue architeture by cellular lesions, and may alter the GJIC. This work aimed to study the expression and distribution of Cx32 in liver fibrosis induced by the oral administration of dimethylnitrosamine in female Wistar rats. The necropsy of the rats was carried out after five weeks of drug administration. They presented a hepatic fibrosis state. Sections from livers with fibrosis and from control livers were submitted to immunohistochemical, Real Time-PCR and Western-Blot analysis to Cx32. In fibrotic livers the Cxs were diffusely scattered in the cytoplasm, contrasting with the control livers, where the Cx32 formed junction plaques at the cell membrane. Also it was found a decrease in the gene expression of Cx32 without reduction in the protein quantity when compared with controls. These results suggest that there the mechanism of intercellular communication between hepatocytes was reduced by the fibrotic process, which may predispose to the occurrence of a neoplastic process, taken in account that connexins are considered tumor suppressing genes.


#12 - Experimental poisoning by Senecio brasiliensis in calves: quantitative and semi-quantitative study on changes in the hepatic extracellular matrix and sinusoidal cells, p.43-50

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Torres M.B.A.M. & Coelho K.I.R. 2008. Experimental poisoning by Senecio brasiliensis in calves: quantitative and semi-quantitative study on changes in the hepatic extracellular matrix and sinusoidal cells. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(1):43-50. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Campus Palotina, Rua Pioneiro 2153, Jardim Dallas, Palotina, PR 85950-000, Brazil. E-mail: torres@ufpr.br Extracellular matrix plays an important role in chronic hepatic lesions and has been studied in experimental intoxication models. However in cattle, studies on chronic disease have focused on the hepatocellular damage and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes are usually overlooked. There are no specific studies on the hepatic ECM in either normal or chronically damaged bovine liver. Thus an experimental model of hepatic toxicity model using Senecio brasiliensis poisoned calves was designed. Senecio brasiliensis contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids which cause either acute or chronic progressive dose dependent liver damage. Five calves were orally fed with 0.38g of dry leaves of S. brasiliensis/kg/day for 24 days. Liver needle biopsy specimens were obtained every 15 days for 60 days. Clinical signs of digestive complications appeared at 3rd week. One calf died on 45th day and four were evaluated up to 60th day. Biopsy samples were processed for routine light microscopy, immuno-histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. From 30th day on progressive liver damage characterized by hepatocellular ballooning, necrosis, apoptosis and megalocytosis, centrilobular, pericellular and portal fibrosis were seen by light microscopy. Quantitative and semi-quantitative measurements of hepatic ECM components were performed before and after the onset of lesions. Morphometric analysis of total collagen and elastic fiber system was conducted. Total collagen and I and III collagen types progressively increased in throughout the liver of affected calves. Changes in location, amount and disposition of the elastic fiber system were also observed. Then numbers of Kupffer cells were significantly increased at 30th day and total numbers of sinusoidal cells were significantly increased at 45th and 60th days. Liver damage was progressive and irreversible even after the exposure to the plant was discontinued. Severe fibrotic lesions occurred mainly in portal tracts, followed by veno-occlusive and pericellular fibrosis. Collagen types I and III s were present in every normal and damaged liver, with predominance of type I. In affected calves the increase of total collagen and elastic fibers system paralleled the number of total sinusoidal cells.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Torres M.B.A.M. & Coelho K.I.R. 2008. Experimental poisoning by Senecio brasiliensis in calves: quantitative and semi-quantitative study on changes in the hepatic extracellular matrix and sinusoidal cells. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(1):43-50. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Campus Palotina, Rua Pioneiro 2153, Jardim Dallas, Palotina, PR 85950-000, Brazil. E-mail: torres@ufpr.br Extracellular matrix plays an important role in chronic hepatic lesions and has been studied in experimental intoxication models. However in cattle, studies on chronic disease have focused on the hepatocellular damage and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes are usually overlooked. There are no specific studies on the hepatic ECM in either normal or chronically damaged bovine liver. Thus an experimental model of hepatic toxicity model using Senecio brasiliensis poisoned calves was designed. Senecio brasiliensis contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids which cause either acute or chronic progressive dose dependent liver damage. Five calves were orally fed with 0.38g of dry leaves of S. brasiliensis/kg/day for 24 days. Liver needle biopsy specimens were obtained every 15 days for 60 days. Clinical signs of digestive complications appeared at 3rd week. One calf died on 45th day and four were evaluated up to 60th day. Biopsy samples were processed for routine light microscopy, immuno-histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. From 30th day on progressive liver damage characterized by hepatocellular ballooning, necrosis, apoptosis and megalocytosis, centrilobular, pericellular and portal fibrosis were seen by light microscopy. Quantitative and semi-quantitative measurements of hepatic ECM components were performed before and after the onset of lesions. Morphometric analysis of total collagen and elastic fiber system was conducted. Total collagen and I and III collagen types progressively increased in throughout the liver of affected calves. Changes in location, amount and disposition of the elastic fiber system were also observed. Then numbers of Kupffer cells were significantly increased at 30th day and total numbers of sinusoidal cells were significantly increased at 45th and 60th days. Liver damage was progressive and irreversible even after the exposure to the plant was discontinued. Severe fibrotic lesions occurred mainly in portal tracts, followed by veno-occlusive and pericellular fibrosis. Collagen types I and III s were present in every normal and damaged liver, with predominance of type I. In affected calves the increase of total collagen and elastic fibers system paralleled the number of total sinusoidal cells.


#13 - Cirrose hepática em cães: 80 casos (1965-2003), p.471-480

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Silva M.C., Fighera R.A., Brum J.S., Graça D.L., Kommers G.D., Irigoyen L.F. & Barros C.S.L. 2007. [Hepatic cirrhosis in dogs: 80 cases (1965-2003).] Cirrose hepática em cães: 80 casos (1965-2003). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(11):471-480. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br A retrospective study in 80 cases of canine hepatic cirrhosis was carried out at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Considering those cases in which the sex and age of the dogs were informed in the necropsy reports, males comprised 53.8% of the cases and 46.2% were females; while 50.0% of these dogs were aged, 48.6% were adults and 1.4% were puppies. The main observed clinical signs include ascites (39/80 [48.8%]), icterus (19/80 [23.8%]), anorexia (13/80 [16.2%]), neurological disturbances (12/80 [15.0%]), dyspnea (12/80 [15.0%]) and subcutaneous edema (10/80 [12.5%]). In 63 dogs for which there was a description of gross morphology in the necropsy reports, 76.2% had macronodular and 23.8% had micronodular cirrhosis. In 14 cases in which the histopathology of the liver was reviewed different degrees of fibrosis were observed: mild in 57.2%, moderate in 21.4%, or marked in 21.4%; in these cases there were no correlation with the degree of fibrosis and other associated histological changes such as lipidosis, biliary ducts hyperplasia, inflammation, bilestasis, hemosiderosis and random hepatocellular necrosis. Extra hepatic changes included ascites (39/63 [61.9%]), icterus (19/63 [30.2%]), status spongiosus (15/63 [23.8%]), hydrothorax (12/63 [19.0%]), subcutaneous edema (10/63 [15.9%]), portosystemic shunts (11/63 [17.5%]), gastric our duodenal ulceration (11/63 [17.5%]) and cholemic nephrosis (4/63 [6.3%]).

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Silva M.C., Fighera R.A., Brum J.S., Graça D.L., Kommers G.D., Irigoyen L.F. & Barros C.S.L. 2007. [Hepatic cirrhosis in dogs: 80 cases (1965-2003).] Cirrose hepática em cães: 80 casos (1965-2003). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(11):471-480. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br A retrospective study in 80 cases of canine hepatic cirrhosis was carried out at the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Considering those cases in which the sex and age of the dogs were informed in the necropsy reports, males comprised 53.8% of the cases and 46.2% were females; while 50.0% of these dogs were aged, 48.6% were adults and 1.4% were puppies. The main observed clinical signs include ascites (39/80 [48.8%]), icterus (19/80 [23.8%]), anorexia (13/80 [16.2%]), neurological disturbances (12/80 [15.0%]), dyspnea (12/80 [15.0%]) and subcutaneous edema (10/80 [12.5%]). In 63 dogs for which there was a description of gross morphology in the necropsy reports, 76.2% had macronodular and 23.8% had micronodular cirrhosis. In 14 cases in which the histopathology of the liver was reviewed different degrees of fibrosis were observed: mild in 57.2%, moderate in 21.4%, or marked in 21.4%; in these cases there were no correlation with the degree of fibrosis and other associated histological changes such as lipidosis, biliary ducts hyperplasia, inflammation, bilestasis, hemosiderosis and random hepatocellular necrosis. Extra hepatic changes included ascites (39/63 [61.9%]), icterus (19/63 [30.2%]), status spongiosus (15/63 [23.8%]), hydrothorax (12/63 [19.0%]), subcutaneous edema (10/63 [15.9%]), portosystemic shunts (11/63 [17.5%]), gastric our duodenal ulceration (11/63 [17.5%]) and cholemic nephrosis (4/63 [6.3%]).


#14 - Intoxicação experimental por Tetrapterys multiglandulosa (Malpighiaceae) em ovinos, p.91-96

Abstract in English:

Riet-Correa G., Terra F.F., Schild A.L., Riet-Correa F. & Barros S.S. 2005. [Experimental poisoning by Tetrapterys multiglandulosa (Malpighiaceae) in sheep.] Intoxicação experimental por Tetrapterys multiglandulosa (Malpighiaceae) em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25(2):91-96. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Campus de Castanhal, UFPA, Castanhal, PA 68740-080, Brazil. E-mail: griet@ufpa.br Cardiac fibrosis was observed in a calf showing dullness, weakening and respiratory insufficiency in a farm in the state of São Paulo, where cardiac insufficiency, abortion and nervous signs in cattle were associated with the ingestion of Tetrapterys multiglandulosa. The objectives of this paper were to determine the susceptibility of sheep to the intoxication by T. multiglandulosa, to describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of the intoxication, and to evaluate the possibility of using sheep as an experimental species for toxicological studies with this plant. In a previous experiment to determine the toxicity of T. multiglandulosa to be used in sheep, the green plant was given to a steer at the dose of 22g per kg body weight (g/kg/bw), daily, during 9 days. After 9 days the steer showed nervous signs, and on the 12thday was euthanatized. No gross lesions were observed at necropsy. Status spongiosus was observed on the deeper layers of the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. Six male sheep were divided in three groups of two sheep each. Group 1 (Sheep 1 and 2) received daily doses of 6 g/kg/bw of the dry plant, during 30 days; Group 2 (Sheep 3 and 4) received daily doses of 3 g/kg/bw, during 60 days; and Group 3 was the control group. Sheep 1 was euthanatized 30 days after the start of the ingestion. Only cardiac arrhythmia was observed clinically, and no lesions were observed at necropsy. Sheep 2, 3 and 4 had also cardiac arrhythmia from day 9, 12 and 18, respectively. From day 52 they started to show depression, reluctance to move and incoordination. Clinical signs got gradually worst and the sheep were euthanatized on days 60, 70 and 80, when clinical signs were marked, and the animals will die at any moment. Hydrothorax, hydropericardium, ascites, nutmeg appearance of the liver and hard whitish myocardium, mainly in the interventricular septum and left ventricle, were observed at necropsy. Histologically, the heart of Sheep 2, 3 and 4 had areas of fibrosis associated with mononuclear cell infiltration. No lesions were found in the heart of Sheep 1. The 4 treated sheep had status spongiosus in different areas of the cerebrum and brain stem, mainly of the deep layers of the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. Status spongiosus were also observed in the cerebellar white matter and cervical medulla. In the later the vacuolization was moderate in the white matter and mild in the grey matter. Status spongiosus were mild in Sheep 1 and moderate to severe in Sheep 2, 3 and 4. On electron microscopy it was observed that the status spongiosus is due to an intramyelinic edema. No gross or histologic lesions were observed on the two control sheep, which were euthanized on day 80 after the start of the experiment.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Riet-Correa G., Terra F.F., Schild A.L., Riet-Correa F. & Barros S.S. 2005. [Experimental poisoning by Tetrapterys multiglandulosa (Malpighiaceae) in sheep.] Intoxicação experimental por Tetrapterys multiglandulosa (Malpighiaceae) em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25(2):91-96. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Campus de Castanhal, UFPA, Castanhal, PA 68740-080, Brazil. E-mail: griet@ufpa.br Cardiac fibrosis was observed in a calf showing dullness, weakening and respiratory insufficiency in a farm in the state of São Paulo, where cardiac insufficiency, abortion and nervous signs in cattle were associated with the ingestion of Tetrapterys multiglandulosa. The objectives of this paper were to determine the susceptibility of sheep to the intoxication by T. multiglandulosa, to describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of the intoxication, and to evaluate the possibility of using sheep as an experimental species for toxicological studies with this plant. In a previous experiment to determine the toxicity of T. multiglandulosa to be used in sheep, the green plant was given to a steer at the dose of 22g per kg body weight (g/kg/bw), daily, during 9 days. After 9 days the steer showed nervous signs, and on the 12thday was euthanatized. No gross lesions were observed at necropsy. Status spongiosus was observed on the deeper layers of the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. Six male sheep were divided in three groups of two sheep each. Group 1 (Sheep 1 and 2) received daily doses of 6 g/kg/bw of the dry plant, during 30 days; Group 2 (Sheep 3 and 4) received daily doses of 3 g/kg/bw, during 60 days; and Group 3 was the control group. Sheep 1 was euthanatized 30 days after the start of the ingestion. Only cardiac arrhythmia was observed clinically, and no lesions were observed at necropsy. Sheep 2, 3 and 4 had also cardiac arrhythmia from day 9, 12 and 18, respectively. From day 52 they started to show depression, reluctance to move and incoordination. Clinical signs got gradually worst and the sheep were euthanatized on days 60, 70 and 80, when clinical signs were marked, and the animals will die at any moment. Hydrothorax, hydropericardium, ascites, nutmeg appearance of the liver and hard whitish myocardium, mainly in the interventricular septum and left ventricle, were observed at necropsy. Histologically, the heart of Sheep 2, 3 and 4 had areas of fibrosis associated with mononuclear cell infiltration. No lesions were found in the heart of Sheep 1. The 4 treated sheep had status spongiosus in different areas of the cerebrum and brain stem, mainly of the deep layers of the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. Status spongiosus were also observed in the cerebellar white matter and cervical medulla. In the later the vacuolization was moderate in the white matter and mild in the grey matter. Status spongiosus were mild in Sheep 1 and moderate to severe in Sheep 2, 3 and 4. On electron microscopy it was observed that the status spongiosus is due to an intramyelinic edema. No gross or histologic lesions were observed on the two control sheep, which were euthanized on day 80 after the start of the experiment.


#15 - Lesões perinatais em bovinos na intoxicação experimental por Ateleia glazioviana (Leg.Papilionoideae)

Abstract in English:

García y Santos M.C., Schild A.L., Barros S.S., Riet-Correa F., Elias F. & Ramos A.T. 2004. [Perinatal lesions in cattle experimentally poisoned by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg. Papilionoideae).] Lesões perinatais em bovinos na intoxicação experimental por Ateleia glazio-viana (Leg.Papilionoideae). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):178-184. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFPel, Cx.Postal 354, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Leaves of Ateleia glaziovian Baill., dried in a 100o C oven for 16-20 hours, were given to seven crossbred cows, always as bolus. Two of them received 9 g/kg at 4 months of pregnancy. Three cows in the 8th month of pregnancy received daily doses of 1-2 g/kg of the leaves, until a total amount of 10, 21 and 28 g/kg/bw was reached. Two 8-month-pregnant cows were fed 15.5 and 18 g/kg of the dried leaves. Two 4-month-pregnant cows were fed 35 g/kg of green leaves of A. glazioviana. The cow treated with 21 g/kg of the dry plant material showed clinical signs of poisoning and delivered a stillborn calf. No clinical signs were observed in the other cows. The calves from cows that received 9, 15.5 and 28 g/kg of the dried leaves showed weakness and suckling difficulties, and were killed. Whitish areas and thickening of the right ventricle wall of the heart were observed in the stillborn calf. Thickening of the wall of the right ventricle was also observed in the calf delivered by the cow treated with 28g/kg of dry plant. The other calves had no gross lesions. The histological changes in all necropsied calves were characterized by tumefaction and vacuolization of muscle fibers and proliferation of fibrous tissue, similar as occurred in spontaneous cases of fibrosis of the heart muscle in cattle poisoned by A. glazioviana. PAS stained slides revealed positive granules in the cardiomyocytes more evident than those of the control calf. The stillborn calf had mild spongiosis of the white matter of the cerebellum, thalamus and rostral colliculi. The ultrastructural pathology revealed cardiac fibers with large glycogen storage within myofibril bundles, which showed loss of bundles and disappearance of whole sarcomers. Mild glycogen storage was observed in a control calf.

Abstract in Portuguese:

García y Santos M.C., Schild A.L., Barros S.S., Riet-Correa F., Elias F. & Ramos A.T. 2004. [Perinatal lesions in cattle experimentally poisoned by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg. Papilionoideae).] Lesões perinatais em bovinos na intoxicação experimental por Ateleia glazio-viana (Leg.Papilionoideae). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3):178-184. Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFPel, Cx.Postal 354, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil. E-mail: alschild@terra.com.br Leaves of Ateleia glaziovian Baill., dried in a 100o C oven for 16-20 hours, were given to seven crossbred cows, always as bolus. Two of them received 9 g/kg at 4 months of pregnancy. Three cows in the 8th month of pregnancy received daily doses of 1-2 g/kg of the leaves, until a total amount of 10, 21 and 28 g/kg/bw was reached. Two 8-month-pregnant cows were fed 15.5 and 18 g/kg of the dried leaves. Two 4-month-pregnant cows were fed 35 g/kg of green leaves of A. glazioviana. The cow treated with 21 g/kg of the dry plant material showed clinical signs of poisoning and delivered a stillborn calf. No clinical signs were observed in the other cows. The calves from cows that received 9, 15.5 and 28 g/kg of the dried leaves showed weakness and suckling difficulties, and were killed. Whitish areas and thickening of the right ventricle wall of the heart were observed in the stillborn calf. Thickening of the wall of the right ventricle was also observed in the calf delivered by the cow treated with 28g/kg of dry plant. The other calves had no gross lesions. The histological changes in all necropsied calves were characterized by tumefaction and vacuolization of muscle fibers and proliferation of fibrous tissue, similar as occurred in spontaneous cases of fibrosis of the heart muscle in cattle poisoned by A. glazioviana. PAS stained slides revealed positive granules in the cardiomyocytes more evident than those of the control calf. The stillborn calf had mild spongiosis of the white matter of the cerebellum, thalamus and rostral colliculi. The ultrastructural pathology revealed cardiac fibers with large glycogen storage within myofibril bundles, which showed loss of bundles and disappearance of whole sarcomers. Mild glycogen storage was observed in a control calf.


#16 - Characterization of tissue damages after ovum pick-up in bovine, 23(3):119-124

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Viana J.H.M., Nascimento A.A., Pinheiro N.L., Ferreira A.M., Camargo L.S.A., Sá W.F. & Marques Júnior A.P. 2003. [Characterization of tissue damages after ovum pick-up in bovine.) Caracterização de seqüelas subseqüentes à punção folicular em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 23(3):119-124. Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG 36038-330, Brazil. E-mail: jhmviana@cnpgl.embrapa.br The aim of this studywas to evaluate lesions of the genital tract in animais used as oocyte donors. Gir breed cows (n=20) used in different experiments involving the ovum pick-up technique were evaluated. At the end of each experimental period the animais were examined by rectal palpation, ultrasonography and vaginoscopy. A group of cows (n=8) were selected for histopathologic characterization of ovarian lesions. Ovaries were surgically removed, fixed and processed for histological examination. The cows evaluated underwent 9 to 42 puncture sessions, and yielded 10 to 719 oocytes. There was a low prevalence (5.26%) of inflammatory changes in the vagina mucosa. The occurrence of adherence was significantly correlated with the number of puncture sessions the animal underwent (r=0.31; P<0.05), but not with the total of oocytes collected (r=0.03; P>0.05). The opposite was observed reganding ovarian fibrosis, which showed a high correlation with oocyte yield (r=0.53; P<0.05). Histopathologic evaluation revealed scar tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration and presence of luteal tissue dispersed within the ovarian stroma.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Viana J.H.M., Nascimento A.A., Pinheiro N.L., Ferreira A.M., Camargo L.S.A., Sá W.F. & Marques Júnior A.P. 2003. [Characterization of tissue damages after ovum pick-up in bovine.] Caracterização de seqüelas subseqüentes à punção folicular em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 23(3):119-124. Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, MG 36038-330, Brazil. E-mail: jhmviana@cnpgl.embrapa.br Objetivaram-se avaliar lesões no trato genital em animais utilizados como doadores de oócitos. Foram examinadas vacas da raça Gir (n=20) que participaram de diferentes experimentos envolvendo a técnica de punção folicular. Ao término de cada período experimental, os animais foram examinados por palpação retal, ultra-sonografia e vagi-noscopia. Um grupo de vacas (n=8) foi selecionado para a caracterização histopatológica das lesões ovarianas. Os ovários foram retirados cirurgicamente, fixados e processados, e as lâminas obtidas coradas e analisadas. Fóram avaliados animais submetidos a entre nove e 42 sessões de punção, e que produziram entre 10 e 719 oócitos. Observou-se uma baixa prevalência (5,26%) de processos inflamatórios na mucosa do fundo de saco vaginal. A ocorrência de aderências apresentou uma correlação positiva com o número de sessões de punção a que o animal foi submetido (r=0,31; P<0,05), mas não com o total de oócitos recuperados (r=0,03; P>0,05). Tendência oposta foi observada em relação à fibrose ovariana, que apresentou uma alta correlação com o número de oócitos recuperados (r=0,53; P<0,05). A avaliação histopatológica demonstrou a presença de tecido cicatricial, infiltrados de células inflamatórias e presença de tecido luteal disperso no estroma ovariano.


#17 - Experimental poisoning by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg.Papilibnoideae) in sheep, 21(3):98-108

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Stigger A.L., Barros C.S.L., Langohr I.M. & Barros S.S. 2001. [Experimental poisoning by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg.Papilibnoideae) in sheep] Intoxicação experimental por Ateleia glazioviarya (Leg.Papilionoideae) em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21(3):98-108. Depto Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: cslb@sm.conex.com.br The leaves of Ateleia glazioviana were fed daily to seven sheep. Another sheep was used as côil(rol,. Total amounts (g/kg/body weight) o(;the plant consumed by each animal were 75 during 60 days (Sheep 6), 125 during-25 days (Sheep 4), 13,0 during 13 days (Sheep 7), 150 during 60 days (Sheep 5), 180 during 18 days (Sheep 3), 330 during 33 days (Sheep 2), and 375 during 25 days (Sheep 1 ). Six sheep were fed the green leaves while Sheep 7 was fed dried A. glazioviana leaves. Five sheep (Sheep 1-4 and 7) developed clinical signs 8 to 16, days after the first administration of the plant. The clinical course varied from 6 to 50 days and clinical signs included apathy, loss of appetite, and increased heart and respiratory rates; affected sheep were ·reluctant to move and showed a low carriage of the head, instability of the hind limbs, and staggering gait. Some sheep supported their weight against the wall of the stable. Sheep 1, 3, and 4 died spontaneously; paddling movements preceded death. Sheep 2 and 7 were euthanatized when presenting marked clinical signs of the toxicosis. Sheep 5 and 6 did not get clinically ill and were euthanatized along with the control sheep 103 days after the first administration of the plant. All sheep were necropsied and several of their organs, including heart and brain, were evaluated histologically. Additionally, fragments of the myocardium of Sheep 3 and 4 were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. To provide more controls for the myocardial changes, the hearts were collected from six animals at an abattoir known to slaughter sheep from regions free of A. glazioviana. These hearts were processed for histology and examined in the same way as the other eight. All seven treated (plant fed) sheep had gross changes at necropsy. There were firm, irregular white or yellow areas in the myocardium of all treated sheep. These pale areas were more evident on the cut surface of the heart. Hydrothorax and/or hydropericardium were observed in five animals (Sheep 1-4 and 7). Nutmeg livers were seen in Sheep 1 and 7. This latter sheep also had ascites. The main histopathological findings in treated sheep were degenerative/necrotic changes in the myocardium. The early changes consisted of acute swollen myocardial fibers associated with bizarre nuclei. Apparently this change progressed until the sarcoplasm disappeared and an empty collapsed sarcolemmal tube remained surrounded by interstitial connective tissue and fibrosis. Overt necrosis (hyaline and floccular) associated with mono nuclear infiltration and phagocytosis of fiber fragments were also observed. Varying degrees of spongy degeneration were seen in the white matter of the brain of Sheep 1, 3, 4 and 7. Mitochondrial swelling and loss of density of the mitochondrial matrix were the earliest ultrastructural changes observed. In advanced lesions cardiac cells had vacuoles in the sarcoplasm, rupture of the sarcolemma and necrosis with intervening macrophages and fibroblasts associated with increased collagen.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Stigger A.L., Barros C.S.L., Langohr I.M. & Barros S.S. 2001. [Experimental poisoning by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg.Papilibnoideae) in sheep] Intoxicação experimental por Ateleia glazioviarya (Leg.Papilionoideae) em ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21(3):98-108. Depto Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: cslb@sm.conex.com.br Sete ovelhas receberam as folhas de Ateleia glazioviana em doses predeterminadas. Um outro ovino serviu de controle. As quantidades totais (g/kg/peso corporal) de planta consumidas pelos ovinos foram 75 por 60 dias (Ovino 6), 125 por 25 dias (Ovino 4), 130 por 13 dias (Ovino 7), 150 por 60 dias (Ovino 5), 180 por 18 dias (Ovino 3), 330 por 33 dias (Ovino 2) e 375 por 25 dias (Ovino 1). Seis ovinos recéberam folhas verdes e o Ovino 7 recebeu folhas dessecadas. Cinco ovinos (Ovinos 1-4 e 7) desenvolveram sinais clínicos. 8 a 16 dias após a primeira administração da planta. A evolução do quadro clínico foi de 6 a 50 dias e os sinais clínicos. incluíram apatia, perda do apetite, taquicardia e taquipnéia. Os ovinos afetados apresentavam relutância em mover-se, cabeça baixa, instabilidade dos membros pélvicos e andar cambaleante. Alguns dos ovinos afetados apoiavam o corpo contra a parede da baia. Os Ovinos 1, 3 e 4 morreram espontaneamente; movimentos de pedalagem precederam a morte. Os Ovinos 2 e 7 foram submetidos à eutanásia com sinais clínicos avançados da toxicose. Os Ovinos 5 e 6 não adoeceram e foram sacrificados junto com o controle 103 dias após a primeira administração da planta. Todos os ovinos foram necropsiados e vários órgãos, incluindo coração e encéfalo, foram avaliados histologicamente. Além disso, fragmentos de miocárdio dos Ovinos 3 e 4 foram avaliados por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. A fim de se obter mais controles para a avaliação das lesões do miocárdio, coletaram-se os corações de seis ovinos abatidos para consumo em um abatedouro que sabidamente recebe ovinos originários de uma região livre de A. glazioviana. Esses corações foram processados para histologia e examinados da mesma maneira que os outros oito. Todos os ovinos tratados (que receberam a planta) apresentaram lesões macroscópicas. Havia áreas firmes, irregulares, branco-amareladas no miocárdio de todos os ovinos tratados. Essas áreas pálidas eram mais bem vistas na superfície de corte do coração. Hidrotórax e/ou hidropericárdio foram observados em cinco animais (Ovinos 1-4 e 7). O fígado dos Ovinos 1 e 7 tinha aspecto de nozmoscada. O Ovino 7 apresentava ascite. Os principais achados histopatológicos nos ovinos tratados foram alterações degenerativas/necróticas no miocárdio. As alterações iniciais consistiam de tumefação aguda das fibras cardíacas, associada a núcleos com formas bizarras. Essa alteração aparentemente progredia até o desaparecimento do sarcoplasma, resultando num tubo sarcolemal vazio e colapsado envolto por tecido conjuntivo intersticial e fibrose. Necrose franca (hialina e flocular) associada à infiltração mononuclear e fagocitose de fragmentos de fibras foi também observada. Graus variáveis de degeneração esponjosa foram observados na substância branca do encéfalo dos Ovinos 1, 3, 4 e 7. Tumefação de mitocôndrias e perda da densidade da matriz das mitocôndrias foram as alterações ultra-estruturais mais precoces. Em lesões avançadas os cardiomiócitos apresentavam vacúolos no sarcoplasma, ruptura do sarcolema e necrose com aparecimento de macrófagos e fibroblastos associados a aumento de colágeno.


#18 - Poisonous plants affecting heart function of cattle in Brazil

Abstract in English:

An analysis of important aspects of poisoning by plants affecting heart function of cattle in Brazil is presented (1.0). These plants can be grouped in the following way :(1.1) Plants causing "sudden death", a peracute poisoning without significant heart lesions, and (1.2) plants causing a subacute to chronic poisoning with necrosis of heart fibres and fibrosis of the myocardium. Moreover (2.0) a comparison of the action of these plants with plants of similar action from Africa and Australia is made, and also (3.0) the clinical-pathological pictures of poisoning by Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae) and monofluoroacetic acid are compared.

Abstract in Portuguese:

1.0. São apresentados alguns aspectos da intoxicação por plantas que afetam o funcionamento do coração. Estas plantas podem ser agrupadas da seguinte maneira: 1.1. Plantas que causam "morte súbita", uma intoxicação superaguda sem alterações significativas do coração. Esse é o grupo de plantas tóxicas mais importantes e mais numeroso no Brasil. Das aproximadamente 60 plantas tóxicas de interesse pecuário conhecidas no Brasil, 11 pertencem a este grupo. As plantas deste grupo são, estimativamente responsáveis por 60% das mortes em bovinos causadas por plantas tóxicas no Brasil. Sob condições naturais são afetados principalmente bovinos. As plantas deste grupo causam uma intoxicação que pode ser reproduzida pela administração de doses únicas pequenas (0,6 a 2 g/kg) ou médias (5 a 20 g/kg) e que se caracteriza por evolução superaguda. Os animais aparentemente sadios subitamente caem ao chão, especialmente quando movimentados, morrendo em questão de minutos. Os achados de necropsia são praticamente negativos. Os exames histopatológicos revelam lesões agudas sob forma de alterações regressivas e circulatórias não muito constantes no coração e fígado e uma alteração regressiva mais constante no rim na forma de degeneração hidropico-vacuolar das células epiteliais dos túbulos contornados distais. O quadro clínico-patológico sugere que essas plantas têm princípios tóxicos que interferem no funcionamento do coração; os animais morrem aparentemente de uma insuficiência cardíaca aguda. Só em relação a uma dessas plantas, Palicourea marcgravii (faro. Rubiaceae) sabemos que o princípio tóxico é o ácido monofluoroacético. É a planta tóxica mais importante deste grupo. Sabe-se que o ácido monofluoroacético interfere no ciclo energético das células, tendo efeito marcado no funcionamento do coração e no sistema nervoso central. Nos bovinos o efeito tóxico é predominantemente sobre o coração. As plantas deste grupo pertencem a 3 famílias botânicas diferentes - 4 pertencem à família das rubiáceas, 3 à das bignoniáceas e 4 à das malpighiáceas. 1.2. Plantas que causam uma intoxicação subaguda a crônica com severa necrose de fibras cardíacas e fibrose do miocárdio. No Brasil conhecemos somente duas plantas com capacidade de provocar esse tipo de intoxicação. São Tetrapterys acutifolia Cav. e Tetrapterys multiglandulosa Adr. Juss. (faro. Malpighiaceae), plantas tóxicas importantes em algumas áreas da Região Sudeste. A ação dessas plantas é bem diferente das plantas que causam "morte súbita". Em bovinos elas geralmente causam, ingeridas durante períodos prolongados em doses médias (5 g/kg/dia durante 60 dias) uma intoxicação de evolução subaguda a crônica, com sintomatologia cardíaca bastante característica: veia jugular engurgitada, pulsando e edema da região esternal; à necropsia, encontram-se sobretudo lesões cardíacas bem visíveis sob forma de áreas e feixes esbranquiçados ocupando boa parte da superfície de corte do miocárdio. Freqüentemente o fígado apresenta aspecto de noz-moscada e há edemas generalizados, inclusive ascite e hidrotórax. Histologicamente, estas lesões caracterizam-se por necrose severa das fibras cardíacas e fibrose do miocárdio. Pelo exercício só raramente pode se provocar a morte dos animais, quando a doença já está muito adiantada. O princípio tóxico destas plantas ainda não é conhecido. Históricos e dados patológicos sugerem fortemente de que Tetrapterys spp. também sejam responsáveis por abortos em bovinos. 2.0. É feita uma comparação das plantas tóxicas brasileiras que afetam o funcionamento do coração com plantas de ação semelhante de outras partes do mundo, isto é Africa e Austrália. 3.0. Compara-se os quadros clínico-patológicos da intoxicação por Palicourea marcgravii e por ácido monofluoroacético.


#19 - Occurrence of outbreaks of Senecio spp. (Compositae) poisoning in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Abstract in English:

Three outbreaks of Senecio spp. poisoning in cattle in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, are described. At least 13 bovines died due to the intoxication in the counties of Santo Augusto, São Sepé and Júlio de Castilhos. Clinical signs included depression, abdominal straining, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and nervous signs such as incoordination of gait, circling and agressivity. At necropsy the most consistent lesions were edema of the body cavities, mesentery, abomasal folds, gall bladder wall and subcutaneous tissue of the ventral parts of the body, fibrous and hard livers and firm and white spotted kidneys. Microscopic lesions included different degrees of fibrous proliferation and megalocytosis in the tiver and kidney with ductal hyperplasia in the former a protein loosing glomerulopathy in the latter. Vacuolar and hyalin degeneration were seen in the myocardial fibers and spongy degeneration in the white matter of the brain. Associated with the pastures where the affected animals had been grazing, abundant quantities of two species of Senecio were found, namely S. brasiliensis and S. selloi. No sheep were grazing at the sarne pastures where cattle tosses occurred.

Abstract in Portuguese:

São descritos três surtos de intoxicação por Senecio spp. em bovinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Os surtos ocorreram nos municípios de Santo Augusto, São Sepé e Júlio de Castilhos, causando pelo menos 13 mortes. Sinais clínicos dos animais afetados incluíam depressão, tenesmo, dor abdominal, anorexia e sinais nervosos como incoordenação motora, andar· em círculos e agressividade. As lesões mais consistentemente vistas na necropsia foram edemas cavitários, do mesentério, das pregas do abomaso, da parede da vesícula biliar, do tecido subcutâneo das partes ventrais do organismo e endurecimento do fígado e rim por proliferação fibrosa. O rim mostrava ainda manchas brancas no córtex. As lesões microscópicas consistiam de diferentes graus de proliferação fibrosa e megalocitose no fígado e rim, com hiperplasia ductal no primeiro e glomerulopatia com perda de proteína neste último. Degeneração vacuolar e hialina de fibras cardíacas e degeneração esponjosa da substância branca do encéfalo foram também observadas. As pastagens, onde os animais afetados tinham estado, encontravam-se intensamente infestadas por duas espécies de Senecio, S. brasiliensis e S. selloi. Nessas pastagens não havia ovinos.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UNB UFRRJ CFMV