PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Abreu S.R.O., Mota R.A., Rosinha G.M.S., Forner O., Pinheiro Júnior J.W., Pereira R.R.B., Castro R.S., Elisei C., Soares C.S., Araújo F.R. & Madureira R.C. 2008. [Genotypic comparison between Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis samples obtained from sheep and goats with caseous lymphadenitis, raised in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco.] Comparação genotípica de isolados de Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis de caprinos e ovinos do sertão de Pernambuco. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(10):481-487. Clínica Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Centro de Ensino Superior de Maceió, Rodovia Divaldo Suruagy s/n, Quadra 4, Lote 4, Praia do Francês, Marechal Deodoro, AL 57160-000, Brazil. E-mail: silviobiotec@yahoo.com.br The objective was to genotypically compare 35 samples of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis obtained from abscesses of sheep and goats diagnosed with caseous lymphadenitis originated from 5 different municipalities in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The RFLP-PCR technique with Hpy-Ch4 and Msp I and Pst I Msp I restriction enzimes was used to fingerprint the genes rpoB and pld, respectively. The results demonstrate that there was no difference on the fragments banding pattern among samples, independently of the host species or geographic area studied, defining a homogeneous profile of C. pseudotuberculosis responsible for superficial abscesses for the region.

• Genotyping RFLP-PCR Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis goats sheep

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Abreu S.R.O., Mota R.A., Rosinha G.M.S., Forner O., Pinheiro Júnior J.W., Pereira R.R.B., Castro R.S., Elisei C., Soares C.S., Araújo F.R. & Madureira R.C. 2008. [Genotypic comparison between Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis samples obtained from sheep and goats with caseous lymphadenitis, raised in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco.] Comparação genotípica de isolados de Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis de caprinos e ovinos do sertão de Pernambuco. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(10):481-487. Clínica Escola de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Centro de Ensino Superior de Maceió, Rodovia Divaldo Suruagy s/n, Quadra 4, Lote 4, Praia do Francês, Marechal Deodoro, AL 57160-000, Brazil. E-mail: silviobiotec@yahoo.com.br The objective was to genotypically compare 35 samples of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis obtained from abscesses of sheep and goats diagnosed with caseous lymphadenitis originated from 5 different municipalities in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The RFLP-PCR technique with Hpy-Ch4 and Msp I and Pst I Msp I restriction enzimes was used to fingerprint the genes rpoB and pld, respectively. The results demonstrate that there was no difference on the fragments banding pattern among samples, independently of the host species or geographic area studied, defining a homogeneous profile of C. pseudotuberculosis responsible for superficial abscesses for the region.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Vieira A.C.S., Afonso J.A.B. & Mendonça C.L. 2007. [Ruminal fluid characteristics of Santa Inês sheep under pasture conditions in the State of Pernambuco.] Características do fluído ruminal de ovinos Santa Inês criados extensivamente em Pernambuco. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(3):110-114. Clínica de Bovinos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Cx. Postal 152, Garanhuns, PE 55292-901, Brazil. E-mail: acynnara@gmail.com The objective of this study was to determine normal standards to ruminal fluid characteristics of Santa Inês sheep under pasture conditions in the State of Pernambuco. Fifty samples were collected, using an esophageal tube, during winter (rainy season) and summer (dry season). The predominant colors were an olive green in the rainy season and a nut-brown in the dry season. The smell was aromatic, but was stronger in winter. A slight viscous consistence was found in most of the samples, with a greater proportion in winter. The sedimentation and flotation time was 6.73min (±1.63) in the rainy period and 3.15min (±0.72) in the dry period. In the biochemical tests, the average values found in winter and summer were, respectively: pH 6.76±0.21 and 6,59±0.14; methylene blue reduction, 3.20min (±0.76) and 7.76min (±3.00); chloride, 28.14±4,16mEq/L and 24.97±5.65mEq/L; acidity, 21.90±4.38UC and 13.68±2.97UC. Ruminal microbiotic analyses revealed abundant and moderate density of protozoa in winter and summer, respectively. The motility was very active and there were almost 90% of live protozoa in both seasons. Protozoa numbers were 425.373±217.258/mL in winter and 155.375±83.113/mL in summer. There was a mixed population of bacteria with prevalence of Gram-negative forms in both seasons.

• Ruminal fluid sheep bacteria protozoa

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Vieira A.C.S., Afonso J.A.B. & Mendonça C.L. 2007. [Ruminal fluid characteristics of Santa Inês sheep under pasture conditions in the State of Pernambuco.] Características do fluído ruminal de ovinos Santa Inês criados extensivamente em Pernambuco. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(3):110-114. Clínica de Bovinos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Cx. Postal 152, Garanhuns, PE 55292-901, Brazil. E-mail: acynnara@gmail.com The objective of this study was to determine normal standards to ruminal fluid characteristics of Santa Inês sheep under pasture conditions in the State of Pernambuco. Fifty samples were collected, using an esophageal tube, during winter (rainy season) and summer (dry season). The predominant colors were an olive green in the rainy season and a nut-brown in the dry season. The smell was aromatic, but was stronger in winter. A slight viscous consistence was found in most of the samples, with a greater proportion in winter. The sedimentation and flotation time was 6.73min (±1.63) in the rainy period and 3.15min (±0.72) in the dry period. In the biochemical tests, the average values found in winter and summer were, respectively: pH 6.76±0.21 and 6,59±0.14; methylene blue reduction, 3.20min (±0.76) and 7.76min (±3.00); chloride, 28.14±4,16mEq/L and 24.97±5.65mEq/L; acidity, 21.90±4.38UC and 13.68±2.97UC. Ruminal microbiotic analyses revealed abundant and moderate density of protozoa in winter and summer, respectively. The motility was very active and there were almost 90% of live protozoa in both seasons. Protozoa numbers were 425.373±217.258/mL in winter and 155.375±83.113/mL in summer. There was a mixed population of bacteria with prevalence of Gram-negative forms in both seasons.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Mota R.A., Brito M.F., Castro F.J.C. & Massa M. 2000. [Glanders in horses and mules of the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas, Brazil.] Mormo em eqüídeos nos Estados de Pernambuco e Alagoas_ Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 20(4):155-159. Depto Med. Vet., Univ. Fed. Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/nº, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171- 900, Brazil. Based on clinical-pathological, epidemiological and serological aspects, as well as by the isolation of Burkholderia mallei, foci of glanders were diagnosed in equids of the "Zona da Mata" in the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas. Clinically there was hyperthermia, noisy respiration, loss of appetite, progressive loss of weight leading to emaciation, nasal congestion and muco-purulent discharge, erosions, ulcers and scars of the nasal mucosa. The size of submaxillary and cervical lymphonodes was increased, which contained abscesses and fistules exudating purulent material. In the skin, accompanying the lymph vessels, there were firm nodules and abscesses which in chronic cases fistulated and ulcerated Ieaving stellar scars. The histopathology of the nodules at various sites, from the horses as well as from the guineapigs used for the Strauss test, showed granulomatous lesions and pyogranulomas. The results of this study showed that glanders in the region was emerging and further sero-epidemiological studies are urgent for the eradication of the disease.

• Glanders equids Northeast Brazil Mormo eqüídeos Nordeste do Brasil.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Mota R.A., Brito M.F., Castro F.J.C. & Massa M. 2000. [Glanders in horses and mules of the states of Pernambuco and Alagoas, Brazil.] Mormo em eqüídeos nos Estados de Pernambuco e Alagoas_ Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 20(4):155-159. Depto Med. Vet., Univ. Fed. Rural de Pernambuco, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/nº, Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE 52171- 900, Brazil. Com base em aspectos clínico-patológicos, epidemiológicos e sorológicos, bem como pelo isolamento de Burkholderia mallei, diagnosticaram-se focos de mormo em eqüídeos na Zona da Mata dos Estados de Pernambuco e Alagoas. Clinicamente observaram-se hipertermia, respiração ruidosa, inapetência, emagrecimento progressivo até caquexia, congestão nasal e descarga mlicopurulenta, erosões, úlceras e cicatrizes na mucosa nasal. Os linfonodos mandibulares e cervicais superficiais apresentavam-se aumentados de volume, com abscessos e fistulas exsudando material purulento. Na pele, ao longo dos vasos linfáticos, havia formação de nódulos firmes e abscessos que, nos casos crônicos, fistulavam e ulceravam deixando cicatrizes estrelares. A histopatologia dos nódulos de diversos sítios, tanto dos eqüídeos como dos cobaios utilizados na prova de Straus, revelou lesões granulomatosas e piogranulomas. Os dados deste estudo evidenciam a emergência da doença nesta área e permitem recomendar inquéritos soro-epidemiológicos nos Estados de ocorrência dos surtos e nos Estados limítrofes.

Abstract in English:

The diarrheic processes caused by pathogenic enterobacteria are of great economicsanitary importance, with limiting effects on cattle raising. In the present study 106 fecal samples from 52 diarrheic and 54 non-diarrheic calves aged 1 to 90 days were analyzed, in arder to determine the occurrence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Salmonella sp among calves reared in the agreste region of the state of Pernambuco and to determine the behavior of the isolates in response to 16 antimicrobial agents. The strains were cultured in selective media and submitted to biochemical characterization, serologic identification and detection of heat-stable enterotoxin. E. coli was isolated from all 106 calves studied and five of these strains (4,7%) were proclucers of heat-stable enterotoxin. Salmonellasp was isolated from six (5,7%) samples belonging to serovars Dublin, Muenchen and Infantis. The Salmonella strains were highly sensitive to the drngs tested, whereas the E. co/istrains were more resistent to tetracycline (50,9%), sulfonamide (40,6%), streptomycin (35,9%) and ampicillin (22,6%). Particularly outstancling in the general analysis was the multiresistance of E. coli (52,0%), with a predominance of the tetracycline-sulfonamide association. The present results serve as a warning regarding the incliscriminated use of antimicrobial agents. Low percentages of ETEC and Salmonella in calves show the necessity of other diagnostic procedures to clarify the etiology.

• Diarrheia calves Escherichia coli Salmonella sp

Abstract in Portuguese:

Os processos diarréicos acarretados por enterobactérias patogênicas têm sido incriminados como de grande importância econômica-sanitária, desempenhando um papel limitante na criação de bezerros. Com o objetivo de estudar a ocorrência de Escherichia coli enterotoxigênica e Salmonella sp em bezerros no agreste meridional de Pernambuco e o compottamento dos isolados frente aos antimicrobianos, foram analisadas 106 amostras fecais provenientes de 52 bezerros diarréicos e 54 não diarréicos de 1 a 90 dias de idade. O cultivo das amostras foi realizado em meios seletivos com posterior caracterização bioquímica, identificação sorológica e detecção de enterotoxina termoestável. Para verificação do comportamento dos isolados, foram selecionados 16 antimicrobianos. E. coli foi isolada dos 106 bezerros estudados, sendo cinco (4,7%) produtoras de enterotoxina termoestável e, Salmonella isolada de seis (5,7%) amostras pertencentes aos sorovares Dublin, Muenchen e Infantis. As amostras de Salmonella demonstraram uma elevada sensibilidade frente as drogas testadas, enquanto que as de E. coli revelaram maior resistência à tetraciclina (50,9%); sulfonamida (40,6%); estreptomicina (35,9%) e ampicilina (22,6%). No cômputo geral destaca-se a multirresistência de E. coli (52%), predominando a associação tetraciclina-sulfonamida. Face aos resultados auferidos adverte-se quanto ao uso indiscriminado de antimicrobianos. Os baixos percentuais de ETEC e Salinonella salientam a necessidade de outros procedimentos de diagnóstico visando esclarecer a etiologia das diarréias.

• Diarréia bezerros Eschericbia coli Salmonella sp

Abstract in English:

An epidemiological survey on dairy goats in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, was carried out to determine the prevalence of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection. A total of 397 serum samples was examined by the agar gel immunodiffusion test using Maedi/Visna virus antigen. The prevalence was 17.6% (70/397), with at least one positive sample in 19 of 40 studied flocks. Significant differences (X2; p<0.05) were found between the rates of positivity recorded in pure bred (21.1%) (Saanen, Toggemburg and Alpine) and crossbred (9.8%) goats; also between animals older (40.0%) or younger (15.1-16.1%) than 4 and a half years. No differences were observed when the sampled population was grouped according to sex or flock composition (bucks, dams and kids).

• Caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus survey Pernambuco Brazil

Abstract in Portuguese:

Com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência da artrite-encefalite caprina em criações de caprinos leiteiros no Estado de Pernambuco, amostras de soro foram testadas pela imunodifusão em ágar gel, utilizando-se antígeno do vírus Maedi/Visna. A prevalência observada foi de 17,6% (70/397), ocorrendo pelo menos um animal positivo em 19 das 40 criações estudadas. Foi observada maior frequência (X2; p<0,05%) de soropositivos nos animais puros (21,1 %) (Saanen, Toggemburg e Parda Alpina) que nos mestiços (9,8%), bem como o estrato de idade superior a 4 anos e meio (40%) que nos mais jovens (15,1-16,1%). Não houve diferença significativa entre as frequências observadas nos estratos formados segundo os critérios sexo e composição do rebanho (reprodutor, matriz e cabrito(a)).

• Artrite-encefalite caprina lentivírus epidemiologia Pernambuco Brasil

Abstract in English:

Palicourea aeneofusca (M. Arg.) Standl., a shrub of the family Rubiaceae, was identified as the cause of mortalities in adult cattle characterized by peracute course (sudden death) which occur in the Zona da Mata (forest region) in the State of Pernambuco. This conclusion was drawn through case histories, by visiting farms and inspecting pastures, and through experimentation in bovines. The toxicity of numerous other plants suspected by farm personnel was not confirmed. The smallest dose that killed one experimental bovine was 0.75 grams of the fresh leaves of P. aeneofusca per kilogram of body weight. Affected animals lay down or fell to the ground suddenly, rolled onto their sides and died within a few minutes. Post-mortem findings were essentially negative; in one of the three bovines petechiae and ecchymoses were seen on the epicardium. Histopathological examination revealed a characteristic severe hydropic vacuolar degeneration of the epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules in the kidney of one animal.

• Poisonous phmts Palicourea aeneofusca Rubiaceae plant poisoning cattle pathology

Abstract in Portuguese:

Através da coleta de históricos, de visitas a fazendas com inspeção dos pastos, e de experimentação em coelhos e bovinos, foi esclarecido que as mortes e mortandades em bovinos adultos caracterizadas por evolução superaguda, tipo "morte súbita", que ocorrem na Zona da Mata de Pernambuco, mais especificamente nas regiões das matas úmidas, estendendo-se até Garanhuns, não são causadas pelas diversas plantas indicadas por vaqueiros, mas sim pela ingestão das folhas do arbusto Palicourea aeneofusca (M. Arg.) Standl., da família Rubiaceae. A dose menor que matou um bovino experimental foi a de 0,75 gramas das folhas frescas por quilograma de peso animal. Os sintomas consistiram em o animal deitar-se precipitadamente, ou cair, ficando logo em decúbito lateral, ocorrendo a morte em questão de minutos. Os achados de necropsia foram praticamente negativos; em um dos três bovinos havia petéquias e equimoses no epicárdio. Nos exames histopatológicos, o achado mais importante foi em um bovino, degeneração hidrópico-vacuolar acentuada das células epiteliais dos túbulos contornados distais do rim.

• Plantas tóxicas Palicourea aeneofusca Rubiaceae intoxicação por planta bovinos patologia