PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Leal P.V., Pupin R.C., Santos A.C., Faccin T.C., Surdi E., Leal C.R.B., Brumatti R.C. & Lemos R.A.A. 2014. [Estimates of economic losses caused by local granulomatous reaction after use of an oily vaccine against FMD in cattle of Mato Grosso do Sul.] Estimativas de perdas econômicas por reação granulomatosa após uso de vacina oleosa contra febre aftosa em bovinos de Mato Grosso do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(8):738-742. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Filinto Müller 2443, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil. E-mail: lap.famez@ufms.br Lesions caused by excessive reaction to foot and mouth vaccine were observed in 1,815 out of 5,000 cattle slaughtered in a slaughterhouse under federal meat inspection. Such lesions resulted in condemnation of the affect parts of the carcasses in accordance with the Brazilian Federal Meat Inspection Regulations. The affected cattle had been vaccinated on May 2012 and then slaughtered in September of the same year. They were allotted to two groups with 1,500 (Groups 1) and 315 cattle (Group 2). Post vaccination lesions were characterized as salient, firm variable sized nodules multifocally distributed in the musculature of the lateral neck. Pus oozed at the cut surface of these nodules. Samples of 28 cattle were submitted for histopathological examination; main findings were pyogranulomas with central variable-sized clear spaces surrounded by marked infiltrate of viable and dead neutrophils, which were surrounded by epithelioid macrophages with vacuolated cytoplasm and occasional multinucleated giant cell. This inflammatory reaction was walled by abundant connective tissue infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells. Samples of the lesion of six cattle were submitted to bacteriological culture with negative results. When affected carcasses went through dressing, there was an average of 1.8 and 2.0 kg of muscle tissue cut off from the carcasses respectively of Group 1 and 2. Economic losses in the farm of origin of the affected cattle was R$ 20,424.00, considering the price paid by kg of cattle for slaughter at the time of the occurrence. This amount at that time was enough to buy 29.17 weaned calves for fattening. If one considers theses 5,000 cattle vaccinated on the farm as the population at risk, the morbidity rate would be 0.36%. These results indicate that the losses due to vaccine reaction, even with no overt clinical signs, may cause important economic losses.

• Vaccine reaction foot-and-mouth disease vaccine granulomas reação vacinal febre aftosa granulomas pós-vacinais

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Leal P.V., Pupin R.C., Santos A.C., Faccin T.C., Surdi E., Leal C.R.B., Brumatti R.C. & Lemos R.A.A. 2014. [Estimates of economic losses caused by local granulomatous reaction after use of an oily vaccine against FMD in cattle of Mato Grosso do Sul.] Estimativas de perdas econômicas por reação granulomatosa após uso de vacina oleosa contra febre aftosa em bovinos de Mato Grosso do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(8):738-742. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Avenida Senador Filinto Müller 2443, Campo Grande, MS 79074-460, Brazil. E-mail: lap.famez@ufms.br Lesões exacerbadas à vacina contra a febre aftosa foram observadas em 1.815 de um total de 5.000 bovinos abatidos em frigorífico com inspeção federal. Essas lesões resultaram na condenação de parte das carcaças de acordo com o Regulamento da Inspeção Industrial e Sanitária de Produtos de Origem Animal. Os bovinos haviam sido vacinados em maio de 2012 e abatidos em setembro do mesmo ano e divididos em Lotes 1 e 2 constituídos respectivamente por 1.500 e 315 bovinos. As lesões de reação vacinal eram caracterizadas por nódulos protuberantes, circunscritos, bem delimitados, firmes e de tamanhos variáveis, distribuídos multifocalmente na musculatura do aspecto lateral do pescoço; ao corte apresentavam exsudato purulento. Amostras da lesão de 28 bovinos foram avaliadas histologicamente e os principais achados foram piogranulomas com espaços claros circulares de tamanhos variados no centro, circundados por intenso infiltrado de neutrófilos íntegros e necróticos, circundados por macrófagos epitelioides com citoplasma vacuolizado, ocasionais células gigantes multinucleadas e, mais externamente, por abundante tecido conjuntivo em meio observavam-se linfócitos e plasmócitos. Culturas bacterianas realizadas em amostras do exsudato da lesão de seis bovinos resultaram negativas. Quando as carcaças afetadas foram submetidas ao toalete foi retirado em média 1,8 e 2,0 kg de músculo da área afetada, respectivamente dos Lotes 1 e 2. O prejuízo econômico da propriedade de origem dos bovinos afetados foi de R$ 20.424,00, considerando o preço pago pela arroba do boi no mês e ano da ocorrência. Esses valores à época seriam suficientes para adquirir 29,17 bezerros desmamados para engorda. Se considerarmos 5.000 bovinos vacinados forem considerados como população sob risco o coeficiente de morbidade seria de 0,36%. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que perdas por reação vacinal, mesmo quando não provocam sinais clínicos marcantes, podem ocasionar importantes prejuízos econômicos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Tessele B., Martins T.B., Vielmo A. & Barros C.S.L. 2014. [Granulomatous lesions found in cattle slaughtered for meat production.] Lesões granulomatosas encontradas em bovinos abatidos para consumo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(8):763-769. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br In order to help professionals of veterinary medicine in recognizing bovine lesions found during meat inspection at slaughterhouses, three granulomatous conditions of cattle were researched and their morphological similarities and differences were assessed. These three granulomatous conditions were actinobacillosis (caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii), actinomycosis (caused by Actinomyces bovis) and staphylococcal mastitis (caused by Staphylococcus aureus). Out of 505 lesions found in cattle slaughtered for human consumption, 40 were one of the three granulomatous conditions: 24 were actinobacillosis, 10 were actinomycosis and six were staphylococcal mastitis. Overall the gross and histological features of these three diseases are quite similar but their location helps give away the etiology. A. lignieresii affected soft tissues, mainly those of tongue and lymph nodes of the head region; A. bovis affected bone tissue mainly that of the mandible; and S. aureus main targeted tissue was the mammary gland. Histologically the granuloma resulting from the infection with either one of these three causal agents contained centrally located amorphous, eosinophilic, club like structures surrounded by viable and dead neutrophils. These were surrounded by a mantle of epithelioid macrophages and occasional multinucleated giant cells. These macrophage mantles were irregularly infiltrate by lymphocytes and plasma cells which tended to accumulate to the periphery of the lesion which, in turn, was fenced by a fibrous connective capsule. Given the employment of adequate techniques the causative the agent could be seen within or surrounding the clublike structures in each the three types of granulomatous lesions. In the case of staphylococcal mastitis, intralesional cocci were observed both in HE and Gram stained preparations, in the latter as gram-positive cocci. The agent in actinobacillosis (gram-negative bacilli) and actinomycosis (gram-positive bacilli) could only be observed in Gram stained preparations. The differential diagnosis for these lesions is included in the discussion of this paper.

• Granulomas Actinobacillus lignieresii Actinomyces bovis Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Tessele B., Martins T.B., Vielmo A. & Barros C.S.L. 2014. [Granulomatous lesions found in cattle slaughtered for meat production.] Lesões granulomatosas encontradas em bovinos abatidos para consumo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(8):763-769. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br Com o objetivo auxiliar profissionais médico-veterinários no reconhecimento das lesões de bovinos encontradas na linha de inspeção de carnes em matadouros frigoríficos, três condições granulomatosas de bovinos foram pesquisadas e suas semelhanças e diferenças avaliadas. Essas três condições granulomatosas foram actinobacilose (causada por Actinobacillus lignieresii), actinomicose (causada por Actinomyces bovis) e mastite estafilocócica (causada por Staphylococcus aureus). Em 505 lesões encontradas em bovinos abatidos para consumo humano, 40 eram uma dessas três lesões granulomatosas: 24 eram actinobacilose, 10 eram actinomicose e seis eram mastite estafilocócica. De um modo geral, os aspectos macro e microscópicos dessas três lesões eram bastante semelhantes, mas suas localizações ajudavam a presumir sua etiologia. A. lignieresii afetou tecidos moles, principalmente língua e linfonodos da cabeça; A. bovis afetou o tecido ósseo, principalmente o da mandíbula; e S. aureus teve a glândula mamária como o tecido alvo. Histologicamente, os granulomas resultantes da infecção por qualquer um desses três agentes continham uma estrutura amorfa, eosinofílica, com clavas irradiadas, localizada centralmente; essa estrutura era rodeada por neutrófilos íntegros e degenerados, que, por sua vez, eram cercados por um manto de macrófagos epitelioides e ocasionais células gigantes multinucleadas. Esses mantos de macrófagos eram irregularmente infiltrados por linfócitos e plasmócitos que tendiam a se acumular na periferia da lesão, que era cercada por uma cápsula de tecido conjuntivo. Dependendo da aplicação do método de coloração adequado, o agente etiológico podia ser visto em cada um dos três tipos de lesão granulomatosa. No caso da mastite estafilocócica, cocos intralesionais foram observados tanto nas colorações por HE como nas de Gram, nessa última como cocos gram-positivos. O agente da actinobacilose (bacilos gram-negativos) e da actinomicose (bacilos gram-positivos) pôde ser observado somente nas colorações de Gram. Os diagnósticos diferenciais para essas três condições são discutidos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Margineda C.A., Odriozola E., Moreira A.R., Cantón G., Micheloud J.F., Gardey P., Spetter M. & Campero C.M. 2013. Atypical actinobacillosis in bulls in Argentina: granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(1):1-4. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73,5 (7620) Balcarce, Argentina. E-mail: eodriozola@balcarce.inta.gov.ar Actinobacillosis is a common cause of sporadic infection in cattle. It was mostly characterized as a pyogranulomatous inflammation of the tongue, but also soft tissues as lymph nodes, other digestive tract localization and skin. The aim of this study was to describe an episode of granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis affecting a bull herd in Argentina during 2010. Actinobacillus lignieresii was isolated from samples collected from one of the affected bulls, and characteristic lesions were observed. Lesions other than ‘wooden tongue’ are usually uncommon; however, actinobacillosis should be included as a differential diagnosis for cutaneous diseases.

• Actinobacillosis dermatitis lymphadenitis actinobacilose dermatite linfadenite

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Margineda C.A., Odriozola E., Moreira A.R., Cantón G., Micheloud J.F., Gardey P., Spetter M. & Campero C.M. 2013. Atypical actinobacillosis in bulls in Argentina: granulomatous dermatitis and lymphadenitis. [Actinobacilose atípica em touros na Argentina: dermatite granulomatosa e linfadenite.] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 33(1):1-4. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73,5 (7620) Balcarce, Argentina. E-mail: eodriozola@balcarce.inta.gov.ar A actinobacilose é causa comum de infecções esporádicas em bovinos. Esta afeção tem sido caracterizada como uma infecção piogranulomatosa não somente da língua como também de tecidos moles tais como linfonodos, ou outras localizações no trato digestivo e na pele. O objetivo do presente trabalho é descrever um episódio de dermatite piogranulomatosa e linfadenite que afetou um rebanho de touros na Argentina em 2010. As amostras recolhidas de um dos animais afetados permitiram o isolamento de Actinobacillus lignieresii. Observaram-se as lesões características da doença. Habitualmente não são comuns outras lesões para além das descritas como “língua de pau”, no entanto, a actinobacilose deve ser incluída como um possível diagnóstico diferencial de doenças cutâneas.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Sonne L., Raymundo D.L., Boabaid F.M., Watanabe T.T.N., Oliveira L.G.S., Vaz Jr I.S. & Driemeier D. 2011. [Pathological and immunohistochemical findings in cattle affected by systemic granulomatous disease by consumption Vicia villosa (Leg. Papilionoideae) in Rio Grande do Sul.] Achados patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos em bovinos com doença granulomatosa sistêmica pelo consumo de Vicia villosa (Leg. Papilionoideae) no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(4):307-312. Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: davetpat@ufrgs.br The systemic granulomatous disease associated with consumption of Vicia villosa (Leg. Papilionoideae family) has been diagnosed in 5 cattle from 2005 to 2008. Affected cattle showed alopecia, crusted lesions on the skin, had itching, fever, decreased milk yield, anorexia and wasting. Average clinical course was 2 weeks. Three cattle died and two were euthanized in extremis. The main gross changes are alopecic and crusts in the skin, mainly on the face and neck. There also were multifocal to coalescent whitish nodules that infiltrated several organs, but especially lymph nodes, kidneys and hearth. Microscopic changes consisted of infiltration with lymphocytes, macrophages, epithelioid cells, giant multinucleated cells, eosinophils, and plasmocytes. Lymph nodes, kidneys, adrenal gland, spleen and liver from affected cattle showed varying degrees of granulomatous infiltration. Immunohistochemical procedures on samples from affected organs revealed that T-lymphocytes and macrophages/epithelioid cells/giant multinucleated cells were the main components of the inflammatory infiltrates, B-lymphocytes were only rarely seen within. The reduced numbers of cells marked by Ki-67 in the granulomatous lesions would indicate that cell proliferation was not responsible for the hypercellularity in the lesions and that rather the recruitment of macrophages and lymphocytes to the site inflammation probably accounted for the building up of the local cellular inflammatory infiltrate.

• Poisonous plants Vicia villosa Leguminosae Papilionoideae plant poisoning plantas tóxicas Leg. Papilionoideae intoxicação por planta

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Sonne L., Raymundo D.L., Boabaid F.M., Watanabe T.T.N., Oliveira L.G.S., Vaz Jr I.S. & Driemeier D. 2011. [Pathological and immunohistochemical findings in cattle affected by systemic granulomatous disease by consumption Vicia villosa (Leg. Papilionoideae) in Rio Grande do Sul.] Achados patológicos e imuno-histoquímicos em bovinos com doença granulomatosa sistêmica pelo consumo de Vicia villosa (Leg. Papilionoideae) no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31(4):307-312. Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: davetpat@ufrgs.br A doença granulomatosa sistêmica associada ao consumo de Vicia villosa (Leg. Papilionoideae) foi diagnosticada em 5 bovinos no período de 2005 a 2008. Os bovinos apresentavam alopecia, lesões crostosas na pele, prurido, febre, queda da produção leiteira, anorexia e emagrecimento. O curso clínico médio da doença foi de 2 semanas. Dos bovinos analisados três morreram e dois foram eutanasiados. As lesões macroscópicas de alopecia e crostas na pele eram localizadas principalmente na face e pescoço. Observava-se nódulos multifocais a coalescentes branco-acinzentados que infiltravam vários órgãos especialmente em linfonodos, rins e coração. As lesões microscópicas consistiam na infiltração de linfócitos, macrófagos, células epitelioides, células gigantes multinucleadas, eosinófilos e plasmócitos. Linfonodos, rins, adrenal, baço e fígado de todos os bovinos apresentaram infiltrado granulomatoso, porém de intensidade variável. Nos testes imuno-histoquímicos dos órgãos com infiltrado inflamatório, as principais células visualizadas foram os linfócitos T, seguidos de macrófagos/células epitelioides/células gigantes multinucleadas e os linfócitos B foram raramente detectados nos locais de inflamação granulomatosa. O número reduzido de células marcadas por Ki-67 nas lesões granulomatosas, tende a indicar que a proliferação celular não foi responsável pela hipercelularidade das lesões e que o recrutamento de macrófagos e linfócitos para o local da inflamação provavelmente tenha sido o responsável pelo acúmulo de células no infiltrado inflamatório.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Furlan F.H., Lucioli J., Veronezi L.O., Fonteque J.H., Traverso S.D., Nakazato L. & Gava A. 2010. [Conidiobolomycosis caused by Conidiobolus lamprauges in sheep in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(7):529-532. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário de Sinop, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT 78550-000, Brazil. E-mail: fhfurlan@gmail.com An outbreak of conidiobolomycosis affecting sheep in the State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil is reported. The disease occurred in six Santa Inês breed sheep from a flock of 75 during the rainy season. Common clinical signs were noisy respiration and dyspnea, serous to mucosanguineous nasal discharge and exophthalmus. At necropsy there was a dense yellow mass in the nasopharyngeal area affecting the ethmoidal region, turbinate bones and occasionally limph nodes, central nervous system and pleura. Histopathologycally there was multifocal granulomas whith an eosinophilic necrotic reaction containing ribbon type hyphae similar to zygomycetous fungi. At molecular examination Conidiobolus lamprauges DNA was detected. The clinical, epidemiological, macroscopical, microscopical and molecular aspects characterize conidiobolomycosis caused by Conidiobolus lamprauges in sheep.

• Conidiobolus lamprauges conidiobolomycosis zigomycosis granulomatous rhinitis conidiobolomicose zigomicose rinite granulomatosa

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Furlan F.H., Lucioli J., Veronezi L.O., Fonteque J.H., Traverso S.D., Nakazato L. & Gava A. 2010. [Conidiobolomycosis caused by Conidiobolus lamprauges in sheep in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 30(7):529-532. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Centro Universitário de Sinop, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop, MT 78550-000, Brazil. E-mail: fhfurlan@gmail.com Descreve-se um surto de conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. O surto ocorreu entre os meses de dezembro e março de 2006, no município de Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, região litorânea do Estado. A propriedade possuía 75 ovinos da raça Santa Inês e seis desses animais adoeceram. Clinicamente os animais doentes apresentavam dificuldade respiratória, corrimento nasal seroso a mucossanguinolento e, por vezes exolftalmia. Na necropsia verificou-se uma massa amarelada na região etmoidal e adjacências que, às vezes, atingia os linfonodos regionais, cérebro, globo ocular e pleura. Microscopicamente a massa caracterizava-se por infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso com áreas necróticas associadas a hifas largas pouco ramificadas. Através de exame molecular detectou-se DNA de Conidiobolus lamprauges. Os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, macroscópicos, microscópicos e moleculares caracterizam a conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Pierezan F., Rissi D.R., Oliveira Filho J.C., Lucena R.B., Tochetto C., Flores M.M., Rosa F.B & Barros C.S.L. 2009. [Granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis in horses in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(5):382-386. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br Five cases of granulomatous enteritis associated with cyathostomes are described in horses from three farms in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The cases occurred from January 1999 to December 2007. The clinical course in two cases in which clinical follow-up was available was 10-14 days. Clinical signs presented by two horses were similar and included diarrhea (3/3), weight loss (2/3), pyrexia (1/3), tachycardia (1/3), and tachypnea (1/3). Gross changes consisted of thickening of the wall of large colon and cecum by edema and the occurrence of numerous 1-4mm, dark-tan, slightly raised multifocal pinpoints disseminated throughout the mucosa. Up on the incision of these pinpoints, brown-reddish, small (1-2mm) nematode larvae emerged. Large numbers of parasites with morphology compatible with small strongyles were observed in the lumina of large colon and cecum or adhered to the mucosae of these organs. Histologically, multiple granulomas were seen in the mucosa and submucosa of large colon and cecum. These granulomas consisted of moderate to severe inflammatory infiltrate of macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, and eosinophils surrounded by fewer lymphocytes and plasma cells. In the center of these granulomas, transversal cut sections of parasites with morphology compatible with cyathostomes larvae were observed. Additionally, there was edema and moderate to marked lymphohistioplasmacytic and eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate throughout the mucosa and submucosa of the large colon and cecum; necrosis and lymphohistiocytic proliferation in the submucosal lymphoid follicles, with hyperplasia of goblet cells in the epithelial lining of these organs were also observed. The diagnosis of granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis was made based on epidemiological, clinical, and gross findings which were confirmed by histopathology.

• Diseases of horses strongylus cyathostomes Doenças de eqüinos estrôngilos ciastotomíneos

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Pierezan F., Rissi D.R., Oliveira Filho J.C., Lucena R.B., Tochetto C., Flores M.M., Rosa F.B & Barros C.S.L. 2009. [Granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis in horses in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.] Enterite granulomatosa associada a larvas de ciatostomíneos em eqüinos no Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(5):382-386. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br Five cases of granulomatous enteritis associated with cyathostomes are described in horses from three farms in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The cases occurred from January 1999 to December 2007. The clinical course in two cases in which clinical follow-up was available was 10-14 days. Clinical signs presented by two horses were similar and included diarrhea (3/3), weight loss (2/3), pyrexia (1/3), tachycardia (1/3), and tachypnea (1/3). Gross changes consisted of thickening of the wall of large colon and cecum by edema and the occurrence of numerous 1-4mm, dark-tan, slightly raised multifocal pinpoints disseminated throughout the mucosa. Up on the incision of these pinpoints, brown-reddish, small (1-2mm) nematode larvae emerged. Large numbers of parasites with morphology compatible with small strongyles were observed in the lumina of large colon and cecum or adhered to the mucosae of these organs. Histologically, multiple granulomas were seen in the mucosa and submucosa of large colon and cecum. These granulomas consisted of moderate to severe inflammatory infiltrate of macrophages, epithelioid macrophages, and eosinophils surrounded by fewer lymphocytes and plasma cells. In the center of these granulomas, transversal cut sections of parasites with morphology compatible with cyathostomes larvae were observed. Additionally, there was edema and moderate to marked lymphohistioplasmacytic and eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate throughout the mucosa and submucosa of the large colon and cecum; necrosis and lymphohistiocytic proliferation in the submucosal lymphoid follicles, with hyperplasia of goblet cells in the epithelial lining of these organs were also observed. The diagnosis of granulomatous enteritis associated with larval cyathostomiasis was made based on epidemiological, clinical, and gross findings which were confirmed by histopathology.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Boabaid F.M., Ferreira E.V., Arruda L.P., Gasparetto N.D., Souza R.L., Silva M.C., Dutra V., Nakazato L. & Colodel E.M. 2008. [Conidiobolomycosis in sheep in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.] Conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Mato Grosso. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(1):77-81. Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Correia da Costa s/n, Bairro Coxipó, Cuiabá, MT 78068-900, Brasil. E-mail: moleta@ufmt.br The epidemiological, clinical, pathological and mycological findings of an outbreak of conidiobolomycosis in a flock of 40 Santa Ines sheep, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, are reported. The illness occurred in the municipality of Nobres during January-June, 2007, resulting in death of about 30% of the affected sheep within 2-5 weeks. The clinical signs were characterized by apathy, weight loss, labored and noisy breathing with dyspnea, and mucous or serohemorrhagic nasal discharge. In three sheep there was unilateral exophthalmia, keratitis and corneal ulceration. A firm whitish, multi-lobulated, friable growth was evident in the ethmoturbinate region at the coronal sections of the head from six affected sheep. In all sheep the choana had similar nodular infiltration which resulted in local obstruction. In three of those there was exophthalmia. There was infiltration in the cribiform plate and brain (2 cases), regional lymph nodes (2), lungs (3), and abomasums (1). Microscopic findings were granulomatous inflammation of the rhinoetimoidal region, with necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration, epithelioid multinucleated giant cells and fibrovascular tissue, surrounding Splendore-Hoeppli material wich contained unstained ghost images of hyphae. The methenamine-silver stain uncover fungi hyphae, rarely ramified with bulbous dilatation in their extremities. Conidiobolus sp. was isolated from nasal tissue lesions of four sheep.

• Conidiobolomycosis sheep granulomatous rhinitis Conidiobolus sp.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Boabaid F.M., Ferreira E.V., Arruda L.P., Gasparetto N.D., Souza R.L., Silva M.C., Dutra V., Nakazato L. & Colodel E.M. 2008. [Conidiobolomycosis in sheep in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.] Conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Mato Grosso. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(1):77-81. Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Correia da Costa s/n, Bairro Coxipó, Cuiabá, MT 78068-900, Brasil. E-mail: moleta@ufmt.br The epidemiological, clinical, pathological and mycological findings of an outbreak of conidiobolomycosis in a flock of 40 Santa Ines sheep, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, are reported. The illness occurred in the municipality of Nobres during January-June, 2007, resulting in death of about 30% of the affected sheep within 2-5 weeks. The clinical signs were characterized by apathy, weight loss, labored and noisy breathing with dyspnea, and mucous or serohemorrhagic nasal discharge. In three sheep there was unilateral exophthalmia, keratitis and corneal ulceration. A firm whitish, multi-lobulated, friable growth was evident in the ethmoturbinate region at the coronal sections of the head from six affected sheep. In all sheep the choana had similar nodular infiltration which resulted in local obstruction. In three of those there was exophthalmia. There was infiltration in the cribiform plate and brain (2 cases), regional lymph nodes (2), lungs (3), and abomasums (1). Microscopic findings were granulomatous inflammation of the rhinoetimoidal region, with necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration, epithelioid multinucleated giant cells and fibrovascular tissue, surrounding Splendore-Hoeppli material wich contained unstained ghost images of hyphae. The methenamine-silver stain uncover fungi hyphae, rarely ramified with bulbous dilatation in their extremities. Conidiobolus sp. was isolated from nasal tissue lesions of four sheep.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Morés N., Ventura L., Dutra V., Silva V.S., Barioni Jr W., Oliveira S.R, Kramer B. & Ferreira Neto J.S. 2007. [Granulomatous lymphadenitis in swine: lymph nodes affected and pathologic diagnosis of the infection caused by Mycobacterium avium Complex agents.] Linfadenite granulomatosa em suínos: linfonodos afetados e diagnóstico patológico da infecção causada por agentes do Complexo Mycobacterium avium. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(1):13-17. Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Cx. Postal 21, Concórdia, SC 89700-000, Brazil. E-mail: mores@cnpsa.embrapa.br A study to evaluate the distribution of granulomatous lesions in the lymph nodes of swine carcasses was accomplished. The main objective was to compare the methods of isolation of mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC), Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the diagnosis of granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by MAC. A total of 431 samples of lymph nodes from 394 swine carcasses kept in 12 cold storage rooms of southern Brazil, which had the Service of Federal Inspection (SFI), were analyzed. Lymph nodes with granulomatous lesions were submitted to histological examination, ZN staining and IHC with monoclonal antibody produced with cellular extract of M. avium. The agreement between the exams was measured by the Kappa test at a 95% confidence level. The macrocospic examination done by SFI correctly identified 90.3% of granulomatous lesions, when compared with histological examination, and the majority of carcasses (92.5%) showed the lesions only in lymph nodes of the alimentary chain. Histological examination confirmed the presence of granulomatous lesions in 90.3% of the lymph nodes. The agreements between histological examination, ZN staining (Kappa: 0.342), IHC and the isolation of MAC (Kappa: 0.102) were low, however high between IHC and histology with typical presence of granulomas in the lymph nodes (Kappa: 0.973). IHC together with histological examination revealed to be efficient for identification of the granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by MAC.

• Swine granulomatous lymphadenitis Mycobacterium avium immunohistochemistry

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Morés N., Ventura L., Dutra V., Silva V.S., Barioni Jr W., Oliveira S.R, Kramer B. & Ferreira Neto J.S. 2007. [Granulomatous lymphadenitis in swine: lymph nodes affected and pathologic diagnosis of the infection caused by Mycobacterium avium Complex agents.] Linfadenite granulomatosa em suínos: linfonodos afetados e diagnóstico patológico da infecção causada por agentes do Complexo Mycobacterium avium. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(1):13-17. Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Cx. Postal 21, Concórdia, SC 89700-000, Brazil. E-mail: mores@cnpsa.embrapa.br A study to evaluate the distribution of granulomatous lesions in the lymph nodes of swine carcasses was accomplished. The main objective was to compare the methods of isolation of mycobacteria of the Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC), Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the diagnosis of granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by MAC. A total of 431 samples of lymph nodes from 394 swine carcasses kept in 12 cold storage rooms of southern Brazil, which had the Service of Federal Inspection (SFI), were analyzed. Lymph nodes with granulomatous lesions were submitted to histological examination, ZN staining and IHC with monoclonal antibody produced with cellular extract of M. avium. The agreement between the exams was measured by the Kappa test at a 95% confidence level. The macrocospic examination done by SFI correctly identified 90.3% of granulomatous lesions, when compared with histological examination, and the majority of carcasses (92.5%) showed the lesions only in lymph nodes of the alimentary chain. Histological examination confirmed the presence of granulomatous lesions in 90.3% of the lymph nodes. The agreements between histological examination, ZN staining (Kappa: 0.342), IHC and the isolation of MAC (Kappa: 0.102) were low, however high between IHC and histology with typical presence of granulomas in the lymph nodes (Kappa: 0.973). IHC together with histological examination revealed to be efficient for identification of the granulomatous lymphadenitis caused by MAC.

Abstract in English:

Rech R.R, Fighera R.A., Oliveira F.N. & Barros C.S.L. 2004. [Granulomatous meningoencephalitis in cattle grazing vetch (Vicia spp).] Meningoencefalite granulomatosa em bovinos em pastoreio de ervilhaca (Vicia spp). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3): 169-172. Depto Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br Granulomatous meningoencephalitis was observed in 7 out of 8 adult dairy cows affected by vetch-associated systemic granulomatous disease, although there was no neurological signs associated with the condition. The cellular inflammatory infiltrates were located in the leptomeninges and as perivascular cuffings within the brain and consisted of epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, plasm cells and eosinophils. These inflammatory changes varied from mild to severe from animal to animal and among different brain regions of the same animal. Perivascular cuffings were usually more marked than the leptomeningeal infiltrates. Affected brain regions, in decreasing order of intensity, included diencephalon through the level of massa intermedia, mesencephalon at the level of rostral colliculi, pons and cerebellar peduncles, medulla at the level of obex, frontal lobe at the level of the genu of the corpus callosum, and cerebellum. The character and the distribution of the inflammatory changes are emphasized regarding the differential diagnosis with other diseases and lesions of the bovine central nervous system in the context of the Brazilian surveillance program for bovine spongiform encephalopath.

• Diseases of cattle diseases of the central nervous system meningoencephalitis plant poisoning Vicia spp pathology.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Rech R.R, Fighera R.A., Oliveira F.N. & Barros C.S.L. 2004. [Granulomatous meningoencephalitis in cattle grazing vetch (Vicia spp).] Meningoencefalite granulomatosa em bovinos em pastoreio de ervilhaca (Vicia spp). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 24(3): 169-172. Depto Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: claudioslbarros@uol.com.br Granulomatous meningoencephalitis was observed in 7 out of 8 adult dairy cows affected by vetch-associated systemic granulomatous disease, although there was no neurological signs associated with the condition. The cellular inflammatory infiltrates were located in the leptomeninges and as perivascular cuffings within the brain and consisted of epithelioid macrophages, lymphocytes, plasm cells and eosinophils. These inflammatory changes varied from mild to severe from animal to animal and among different brain regions of the same animal. Perivascular cuffings were usually more marked than the leptomeningeal infiltrates. Affected brain regions, in decreasing order of intensity, included diencephalon through the level of massa intermedia, mesencephalon at the level of rostral colliculi, pons and cerebellar peduncles, medulla at the level of obex, frontal lobe at the level of the genu of the corpus callosum, and cerebellum. The character and the distribution of the inflammatory changes are emphasized regarding the differential diagnosis with other diseases and lesions of the bovine central nervous system in the context of the Brazilian surveillance program for bovine spongiform encephalopath.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Leal A.B.M., Leal A.T., Santurio J.M., Kommers G.D. & Catto J.B. 2001. [Equine pythiosis in the Brazilian Pantanal region: Clinical and pathological findings of typical and atypical cases] Pitiose eqüina no Pantanal brasileiro: aspectos clínico-patológicos de casos típicos e atípicos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21(4):151-156. Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Depto Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105- 900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: santurio@ccr.ufsm.br Equine pythiosis is an endemic disease of horses and causes significant economic losses to equine breeding in the Brazilian Pantanal. This article describes 16 cases of subcutaneous pythiosis in horses from that region. The clinical cases were divided in typical (11) and atypical (5), according to the clinical features and duration of the disease. The clinical diagnosis was confirmed by detection of specific antibodies by ELISA, isolation of the agent and histopathology. The duration of the disease varie d from 1 to 6 months in the typical cases and was over 12 months in the atypical ones. The lesions in the typical cases were characterized by subcutaneous ulcerated granulomas with abundant serosanguineous secretion and itching. The atypical cases presented subcutaneous lesions characterized by large, circumscribed tumorous masses covered by a dark non ulcerated skin, associated with Iittle orno secretion. These lesions showed a well organized aspect, were sometimes pedunculate and the animals showed a good body condition. Histologically, the typical cases were characterized by granulation tissue with abundant eosinophils; whereas the atypical cases presented pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the epidermis and eosinophilic infiltrate. The complete description of the clinical and histopathological features and possible factors responsible for differences between the two clinical forms are presented and discussed.

• Pythiosis Pythium insidiosum equine granuloma Pantanal Pitiose granuloma eqüino Pantanal.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Leal A.B.M., Leal A.T., Santurio J.M., Kommers G.D. & Catto J.B. 2001. [Equine pythiosis in the Brazilian Pantanal region: Clinical and pathological findings of typical and atypical cases] Pitiose eqüina no Pantanal brasileiro: aspectos clínico-patológicos de casos típicos e atípicos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21(4):151-156. Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Depto Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105- 900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. E-mail: santurio@ccr.ufsm.br A pitiose eqüina é doença endêmica no Pantanal Brasileiro e causa prejuízos significativos a eqüinocultura. Neste trabalho são relatados 16 casos de pitiose subcutânea em eqüinos no Pantanal Sul-Matogrossense, que foram divididos em onze casos típicos e cinco casos atípicos, de acordo com o quadro clínico e o tempo de duração das lesões. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela detecção de anticorpos específicos pelo teste ELISA, isolamento do agente e histopatológico. A duração da doença variou entre 1 e 6 meses nos casos típicos e superior a 12 meses nos casos atípicos. As lesões dos casos típicos caracterizavam-se por granulomas subcutâneos, ulcerados, com abundante secreção serossanguinolenta e prurido. Nos casos atípicos foram observadas lesões subcutâneas caracterizadas por grandes massas "tumorais" circunscritas, recobertas por pele escura, sem ulcerações e com pouca secreção. Os animais estavam em bom estado nutricional e as lesões apresentavam-se de aspecto organizado, às vezes pedunculadas. Histologicamente, foi observado tecido de granulação com muitos eosinófilos nos casos típicos, enquanto os atípicos, se caracterizaram por hiperplasia pseudo-epiteliomatosa da epiderme e infiltrado eosinofilico. As características clínicas e histopato lógicas completas das duas formas clínicas e os possíveis fatores responsáveis pelas diferenças entre as duas formas são apresentados e discutidos.