Resultado da pesquisa (7)

Termo utilizado na pesquisa microorganisms

#1 - Detection of the main multiresistant microorganisms in the environment of a teaching veterinary hospital in Brazil

Abstract in English:

Contamination of the veterinary hospital environment with multiresistant pathogens endangers not only hospitalized animals, but also the workplace safety of veterinarians and nurses, animal guardians and, when in case of a teaching hospital, veterinary students. The objective of this study was to map the main points of bacterial contamination of a veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil to identify multiresistant microorganisms and their antimicrobial resistance genes. Samples were collected from 39 different locations of a veterinary school hospital which comprised a pool according to each hospital environment. In certain environments, more than one pool has been collected. All samples were collected in quadruplicates for the selective isolation of the main multiresistant microorganisms: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE), cephalosporinases and/or extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (ESBL) and Carbapenemase-producing (CP). After isolation and identification of isolates, multiplex-PCR reactions were performed to detect the main genes for each microorganism and antimicrobial susceptibility tests with the main antibiotics used for each bacterial group according to CLSI. Of the 39 veterinary teaching hospital sites collected, all (100%) had at least one of the microorganisms surveyed, and 17.95% (n=7) of the sites were able to isolate the four pathogens. From the 94 pools collected, it was possible to isolate MRS in 81.91% (n=77), VRE in 12.77% (n=12), cephalosporinases and/or ESBL in 62.77% (n=59) and CP in 24.47%. (n=23). Regarding MRS, the mecA gene was detected in all isolates. All isolated VREs were identified as Enterococcus faecalis and presented the vanA gene. Regarding cephalosporinases and/or ESBL, 89.83% (n=53) of the isolates presented the blaTEM gene, 57.63% (n=34) the blaOXA-1 gene, 37.29% (n=22) blaCTX-M gene from some group (1, 2, 9 ou 8/25) and 20.34% (n=12) the blaSHV gene. It was possible to identify the main microorganisms responsible for causing nosocomial infections in humans (VRE, MRS, ESBL and CP) in the veterinary hospital environment, suggesting a source of infection for professionals and students of veterinary medicine, placing a high risk for public health.

Abstract in Portuguese:

A contaminação do ambiente hospitalar veterinário com patógenos multirresistentes coloca em perigo não apenas os animais hospitalizados, mas também a segurança no local de trabalho de veterinários e enfermeiros, responsáveis por animais e, quando se tratar de um hospital de ensino, estudantes de veterinária. O objetivo deste estudo foi mapear os principais pontos de contaminação bacteriana de um hospital veterinário de ensino no Brasil, identificando microorganismos multirresistentes e seus genes de resistência antimicrobiana. As amostras foram coletadas em 39 locais diferentes de um hospital de escola veterinária, que compreendia um pool de acordo com o ambiente de cada hospital. Em certos ambientes, mais de um pool foi coletado. Todas as amostras foram coletadas em quadruplicados para o isolamento seletivo dos principais microorganismos multirresistentes: Staphylococcus resistente à meticilina (MRS), Enterococcus resistente à vancomicina (VRE), bactérias Gram-negativas produtoras de cefalosporinases e/ou beta-lactamase de espectro estendido (ESBL) e produtoras de carbapenemase (PC). Após o isolamento e identificação dos isolados, foram realizadas reações de PCR multiplex para detectar os principais genes de cada microorganismo e testes de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos com os principais antibióticos utilizados para cada grupo bacteriano de acordo com o CLSI. Dos 39 locais do VCH coletados, todos (100%) possuíam pelo menos um dos microrganismos pesquisados e 17,95% (n=7) dos locais foram capazes de isolar os quatro patógenos. Dos 94 pools coletados, foi possível isolar MRS em 81,91% (n=77), VRE em 12,77% (n=12), ESBL em 62,77% (n=59) e carbapenemases em 24,47% (n=23). Em relação ao MRS, o gene mecA foi detectado em todos os isolados. Todos os VREs isolados foram identificados como Enterococcus faecalis e apresentaram o gene vanA. Em relação às cefalosporinases e/ou ESBL, 89,83% (n=53) dos isolados apresentaram o gene blaTEM, 57,63% (n=34) o gene blaOXA-1, 37,29% (n=22) o gene blaCTX-M de algum grupo e 20,34% (n=12) o gene blaSHV. Foi possível identificar os principais microrganismos responsáveis por causar infecções nosocomiais em humanos (VRE, MRS, ESBL e CP) no ambiente hospitalar veterinário, sugerindo uma fonte de infecção para profissionais e estudantes de medicina veterinária, colocando alto risco para a saúde pública.


#2 - Pseudomonas spp. and other psychrotrophic microorganisms in inspected and non-inspected Brazilian Minas Frescal cheese: proteolytic, lipolytic and AprX production potential

Abstract in English:

The most consumed cheese in Brazil, Minas Frescal cheese (MFC) is highly susceptible to microbial contamination and clandestine production and commercialization can pose a risk to consumer health. The storage of this fresh product under refrigeration, although more appropriate, may favor the growth of spoilage psychrotrophic bacteria. The objective of this study was to quantify and compare Pseudomonas spp. and other psychrotrophic bacteria in inspected and non-inspected MFC samples, evaluate their lipolytic and proteolytic activities and their metalloprotease production potentials. Twenty MFC samples were evaluated: 10 inspected and 10 non-inspected. Counts of psychrotrophic bacteria and Pseudomonas spp., evaluation of the proteolytic and lipolytic potential of the isolates, and identification of potential producers of alkaline metalloprotease (AprX) were assessed. The mean total psychrotrophic counts were 1.07 (±2.18) × 109CFU/g in the inspected samples and 4.5 (±5.86) × 108CFU/g in the non-inspected, with no significant difference (p=0.37). The average score of Pseudomonas spp. was 6.86 (±18.6) × 105 and 2.08 (±3.65) × 106 CFU/g for the inspected and non-inspected MFC samples, respectively, with no significant difference (p=0.1). Pseudomonas spp. represented 0.06% and 0.004% of psychrotrophic bacteria found in inspected and non-inspected MFC samples, respectively. Collectively, 694 psychrotrophic strains and 47 Pseudomonas spp. were isolated, of which 59.9% and 68.1% were simultaneously proteolytic and lipolytic, respectively. Of the 470 psychrotrophs isolated from inspected and 224 from non-inspected cheese samples, 5.74% and 2.23% contained aprX, respectively, while 100 and 86.96% of the Pseudomonas spp. isolates in inspected and non-inspected cheese samples contained the gene. The production potential of AprX did not, however, determine the proteolytic activity on plates of these isolates under the conditions evaluated in this study. Of total, 65.63% of the psychrotrophs that contained aprX gene were confirmed as Pseudomonas spp., using genus-specific PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of the other psychrotrophs that were potential producers of AprX identified them as Serratia spp. (n=7), Raoultella ornithinolytica (n=1), and Acinetobacter schindleri (n=1) in the inspected samples and Psychrobacter sanguinis (n=1) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides (n=1) in the non-inspected samples. The production conditions of Brazilian MFC of these samples, while meeting the legal determinations, are not sufficient to control Pseudomonas and other spoilage-related psychrotrophs. Thus, stricter hygienic measures are required during the formal production of this type of cheese.

Abstract in Portuguese:

O mais consumido no Brasil, o queijo Minas Frescal (QMF) é altamente suscetível à contaminação microbiana e a produção e comercialização clandestina podem representar um risco para a saúde do consumidor. O armazenamento deste produto fresco sob refrigeração, embora mais apropriado, pode favorecer a multiplicação de bactérias psicrotróficas deteriorantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar e comparar Pseudomonas spp. e outras bactérias psicrotróficas em amostras de QMF inspecionadas e não inspecionadas, avaliar o potencial lipolítico, proteolítico e de produção de metaloprotease alcalina. Vinte amostras de QMF foram avaliadas: 10 inspecionadas e 10 não inspecionadas. Foram avaliadas as contagens de bactérias psicrotróficas e Pseudomonas spp., o potencial proteolítico e lipolítico dos isolados e a identificação de potenciais produtores de metaloprotease alcalina (AprX). A média total das contagens de bactérias psicrotróficas foi de 1,07 (±2,18) × 109UFC/g nas amostras inspecionadas e 4,5 (±5,86) × 108UFC/g nas não inspecionadas, sem diferença significativa (p=0,37). A média de Pseudomonas spp. foi de 6,86 (±18,6) × 105 e 2,08 (±3,65) × 106UFC/g para as amostras QMF inspecionadas e não‑inspecionadas, respectivamente, sem diferença significativa (p=0,1). Pseudomonas spp. representaram 0,06% e 0,004% de bactérias psicrotróficas encontradas em amostras QMF inspecionadas e não‑inspecionadas, respectivamente. Das amostras inspecionadas e não inspecionadas, foram isoladas 694 colônias psicrotróficas e 47 Pseudomonas spp., dos quais 59,9% e 68,1% foram simultaneamente proteolíticos e lipolíticos, respectivamente. Dos 470 isolados de psicrotróficos das amostras de queijo inspecionados e dos 224 isolados das não inspecionadas, 5,74% e 2,23% continham o gene aprX, respectivamente, enquanto 100 e 86,96% das Pseudomonas spp. isoladas em amostras de queijo inspecionadas e não inspecionadas continham o potencial de expressão de AprX. Esse potencial, no entanto, não determinou a atividade proteolítica em placas desses isolados nas condições avaliadas neste estudo. Do total, 65,63% dos psicrotróficos que continham o gene aprX foram confirmados como Pseudomonas spp., utilizando PCR gênero-específico. A análise filogenética do gene 16S rRNA dos outros psicrotróficos que foram produtores potenciais de AprX os identificou como Serratia spp. (n=7), Raoultella ornithinolytica (n=1) e Acinetobacter schindleri (n=1) nas amostras inspecionadas e Psychrobacter sanguinis (n=1) e Leuconostoc mesenteroides (n=1) nas amostras não inspecionadas. As condições de produção do QMF dessas amostras, atendendo às determinações legais, não são suficientes para controlar a Pseudomonas e outros psicrotróficos relacionados à deterioração. Assim, medidas higiênicas mais rígidas são necessárias durante a produção formal deste tipo de queijo.


#3 - Subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis

Abstract in English:

Periodontitis is an inflammatory response in a susceptible host caused by complex microbiota, predominantly composed of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Aiming to characterize the subgingival bacterial microbiota associated with ovine periodontitis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in subgingival periodontal pocket samples of 14 sheep with severe periodontitis and in subgingival sulcus biofilm of 14 periodontally healthy sheep in search mainly of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms considered important periodontopathogens. The most prevalent bacteria in the sheep with periodontal lesions were Tannerella forsythia (78.6%), Treponema denticola (78.6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%), whereas in the healthy sheep, F. nucleatum (42.8%) was the most often detected bacterium. Statistically significant differences were observed for Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola (p<0.05) in the sheep with periodontitis in the comparison between groups. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Porphyromonas gulae were not detected in any of the samples analyzed. In conclusion, C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, and T. denticola were associated with severe lesions caused by ovine periodontitis, and F. nucleatum was the most prevalent microorganism in the subgengival sulcus biofilm of healthy sheep.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Periodontite é a resposta inflamatória de um hospedeiro suscetível causada por complexa microbiota, composta predominantemente por bactérias anaeróbias Gram-negativas. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a microbiota bacteriana subgengival associada à periodontite ovina foi realizada a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de amostras de biofilme subgengival de 14 ovinos com a enfermidade e 14 ovinos periodontalmente saudáveis, com destaque para micro-organismos Gram-negativos e Gram-positivos considerados importantes periodontopatógenos. As bactérias mais prevalentes em 14 animais com lesões periodontais foram Tannerella forsythia (78,6%), Treponema denticola (78,6%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (64,3%) e Porphyromonas gingivalis (50%). Entretanto, nos 14 ovinos sem lesões periodontais, F. nucleatum (42,8%) foi a bactéria mais detectada. Associação estatisticamente diferente foi observada para Campylobacter rectus, Enterococcus faecium, Prevotella nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola (p<0,05) nos ovinos com periodontite em comparação entre os dois grupos. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis e Porphyromonas gulae não foram detectados em nenhuma das amostras pesquisadas. Conclui-se que C. rectus, E. faecium, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia e T. denticola estão associados às lesões resultantes da periodontite ovina com manifestação clínica grave e F. nucleatum o micro-organismo mais prevalente no biofilme subgengival de animais periodontalmente sadios.


#4 - Antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from different types of ulcerative keratitis of dogs in the city of Cuiabá, Brazil

Abstract in English:

The purpose of the present study was to analyze antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria associated with different types of ulcerative keratitis in dogs. The outcome of medical or surgical treatment was also correlated with the type of isolate. Samples for microbiology were obtained by means of sterile swab from 104 eyes of 72 canine patients with ulcerative keratitis without previous history of antibiotic treatment, seen from May 2012 to March 2015. Only patients with no previous treatment with antibiotics were included in the study. Bacterial isolates were identified and the antibiotic susceptibility was tested to neomycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, chloramphenicol, polymyxin B, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and moxifloxacin. In total, 131 species of bacteria were isolated from 96/104 eyes, and Staphylococcus sp. predominated (48.09%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.01%). Shih Tzus were over represented (33.33%) and the number of gram-negative isolates were significantly higher in this breed, in comparison to Pinchers (P=0.003), Filas, Poodles, and other mixed-breeds (P=0.046). All species isolated in this study were more sensitive to ofloxacin (84.55%), that was significantly most efficient than neomycin and polymyxin B (P<0.0001), chloramphenicol (P=0.0001), tobramycin (P=0.0007), gentamicin (P=0.0021) and the other fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin (P=0.0004) and moxifloxacin (P<0.0001). Gram-positive organisms were isolated in a significant larger number of eyes with uncomplicated ulcerative keratitis, in comparison to those eyes with complicated ulcerative keratitis (P=0.011). Likewise, gram-positive were isolated in a larger number than gram-negatives microorganisms in cases that received either medically or surgical treatment, without statistical significance (P=0.745). In the present research, Staphylococcus sp. was the bacteria most commonly isolated in the eyes with uncomplicated ulcerative keratitis. Although Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolate in the eyes with complicated ulcerative keratitis, the majority of cases managed clinically had a successful outcome. Ofloxacin and gentamicin were found to be effective against the majority of isolates, with the exception of Streptococcus. sp, in which chloramphenicol was the most effective antibiotic. Uncomplicated ulcerative keratitis presenting negative culture may evolve to complicated ulcerative keratitis, warring the necessity of anti-collagenolytic treatment in all cases.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Objetivou-se identificar microrganismos isolados de diferentes tipos de ceratite ulcerativa em cães, juntamente com a sua susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos. O resultado do tratamento médico e cirúrgico também foi correlacionado com o tipo de isolado. Amostras para microbiologia foram obtidas com auxílio de swab estéril em 104 olhos de 72 pacientes sem histórico prévio de tratamento com antibióticos tópicos, atendidos no período de maio de 2012 a março de 2015. Os antibióticos testados foram: neomicina, gentamicina, tobramicina, cloranfenicol, polimixina B, ciprofloxacino, ofloxacino e moxifloxacina. No total, 131 bactérias foram isoladas de 96/104 olhos estudados, sendo o gênero Staphylococcus (48,09%) predominante, seguido por Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16,01%). O Shih Tzu foi a raça mais prevalente (33,33%) e o número de isolados gram-negativos foi significativamente maior nessa raça, comparativamente aos Pinschers (p=0,003), aos Filas, aos Poodles e aos sem raça definida (p=0,046). As bactérias isoladas neste estudo apresentaram maior susceptibilidade ao ofloxacino (84,55%), que foi significativamente mais eficaz em relação a neomicina e a polimixina B (p<0,0001), ao cloranfenicol (p=0,0001), a tobramicina (p=0,0007), a gentamicina (p=0,0021) e as outras fluorquinolonas, ciprofloxacino (p=0,0004) e moxifloxacino (p<0,0001). Os organismos gram-positivos foram isolados de um número significativamente maior de olhos que apresentavam ceratite ulcerativa não complicada, comparativamente àqueles com olhos acometidos por ceratite ulcerativa complicada (p=0,011). Igualmente, o número de bactérias gram-positivas foi maior que o de gram-negativas, tanto nos casos que receberam tratamento médico, como nos que foram operados, sem significativa estatística (p=0,745). Na presente pesquisa, Staphylococcus sp. foi a bactéria mais encontrada nas ceratites ulcerativas não complicadas. Já nos olhos com ceratites complicadas, embora a Pseudomonas aeruginosa tenha sido a bactéria mais predominante, o tratamento clínico foi suficiente para cura da afecção corneal na maior parte dos casos. O ofloxacino e a gentamicina foram os agentes mais eficazes contra a maioria dos isolados, com exceção do Streptococcus sp., onde o cloranfenicol se mostrou o mais eficaz. Ceratites ulcerativas sem complicações que apresentem culturas negativas podem evoluir para ceratites ulcerativas complicadas, salientando a necessidade de tratamento anti-colagenolítico em todos os casos.


#5 - Histopathological and histomicrobiological study of root canal therapy medication, comparison of calcium hydroxide versus gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol in the teeth of dogs, p.71-74

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Domingues-F. L.M., Gioso M.A. & Padilha Filho J.G. 2007. Histopathological and histomicrobiological study of root canal therapy medication, comparison of calcium hydroxide versus gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol in the teeth of dogs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(2):71-74. Departamento de Cirurgia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques de Paiva 87, Bloco 8-superior, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: lesliedf@usp.br The presence of microorganisms in dental structures with experimentally induced necrosis was evaluated. The materials were tested to evaluate their antimicrobial activity and tissue repair efficacy. Four dogs were used in this experiment, with a total of 64 roots of premolar teeth, divided into three groups. The root canals of Group I were filled with gutta-percha and zinc oxide/eugenol cement; Group II were filled with calcium hydroxide, and Group III were not filled. All animals were clinically and radiographically examined 15 days after surgery and then again every subsequent 15 days until 120 days, when the teeth were extracted en bloc. Histopathological analysis showed inflammatory infiltration, cement and bone resorption and necrotic tissue in the apical delta in different proportions. Histomicrobiological analysis showed the presence of microorganisms inside the teeth structures, with different concentrations according to the treatment used. There was statistical significance between the groups (p>0.05). Gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol demonstrated good antimicrobial activity; calcium hydroxide was not efficient. The conclusion of this study is that gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol is the better protocol for filling root canals in dogs.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Domingues-F. L.M., Gioso M.A. & Padilha Filho J.G. 2007. Histopathological and histomicrobiological study of root canal therapy medication, comparison of calcium hydroxide versus gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol in the teeth of dogs. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(2):71-74. Departamento de Cirurgia da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques de Paiva 87, Bloco 8-superior, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: lesliedf@usp.br The presence of microorganisms in dental structures with experimentally induced necrosis was evaluated. The materials were tested to evaluate their antimicrobial activity and tissue repair efficacy. Four dogs were used in this experiment, with a total of 64 roots of premolar teeth, divided into three groups. The root canals of Group I were filled with gutta-percha and zinc oxide/eugenol cement; Group II were filled with calcium hydroxide, and Group III were not filled. All animals were clinically and radiographically examined 15 days after surgery and then again every subsequent 15 days until 120 days, when the teeth were extracted en bloc. Histopathological analysis showed inflammatory infiltration, cement and bone resorption and necrotic tissue in the apical delta in different proportions. Histomicrobiological analysis showed the presence of microorganisms inside the teeth structures, with different concentrations according to the treatment used. There was statistical significance between the groups (p>0.05). Gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol demonstrated good antimicrobial activity; calcium hydroxide was not efficient. The conclusion of this study is that gutta-percha with zinc oxide/eugenol is the better protocol for filling root canals in dogs.


#6 - The effect of timing temporary cements to treat induced pulp necrosis in the teeth of dogs, p.85-88

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Domingues-F.L.M., Ferreira J., Lopes F.M., Tymoszczenko A. & Gioso M.A. 2007. The effect of timing temporary cements to treat induced pulp necrosis in the teeth of dogs. Revista Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(2):85-88. Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques de Paiva 87, Bloco 8-superior, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: lesliedf@usp.br During endodontic therapy (pulpectomy, root canal debridement and root canal filling) microbiological management is a major concern. Bacteria present in dentine tubules, apical foramina and apical delta are causally related to failure of the procedure. Studies have shown that during single session endodontic treatment bacteria remain within dental structures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate endodontic treatment performed as two sessions, using temporary endodontic dressing materials for different periods in four groups of experimental dogs. A total of 80 roots of second and third upper premolar teeth and second, third and fourth lower premolar teeth were divided into four groups. The pulp chamber was opened with burrs and the pulp exposed for 60 days to induce pulpal inflammation and necrosis. Groups II, III and IV were treated with calcium hydroxide plus camphorated paramono-chlorophenol (PMCC) for 7, 15 and 30 days, respectively. In all groups, the root canals were filled with zinc oxide-eugenol and gutta-percha cones. Clinical and radiographical measurements were performed every 2 weeks. After 60 days a small block section containing the teeth, surrounding periapical tissues and the periodontium was removed for histological and microbiological study. Histological analysis revealed intense inflammatory response in all groups. Microbiological analysis showed microbial reduction inversely proportional to the period of time that the intracanal temporary medicament was left in place.

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Domingues-F.L.M., Ferreira J., Lopes F.M., Tymoszczenko A. & Gioso M.A. 2007. The effect of timing temporary cements to treat induced pulp necrosis in the teeth of dogs. Revista Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(2):85-88. Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando de Marques de Paiva 87, Bloco 8-superior, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil. E-mail: lesliedf@usp.br During endodontic therapy (pulpectomy, root canal debridement and root canal filling) microbiological management is a major concern. Bacteria present in dentine tubules, apical foramina and apical delta are causally related to failure of the procedure. Studies have shown that during single session endodontic treatment bacteria remain within dental structures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate endodontic treatment performed as two sessions, using temporary endodontic dressing materials for different periods in four groups of experimental dogs. A total of 80 roots of second and third upper premolar teeth and second, third and fourth lower premolar teeth were divided into four groups. The pulp chamber was opened with burrs and the pulp exposed for 60 days to induce pulpal inflammation and necrosis. Groups II, III and IV were treated with calcium hydroxide plus camphorated paramono-chlorophenol (PMCC) for 7, 15 and 30 days, respectively. In all groups, the root canals were filled with zinc oxide-eugenol and gutta-percha cones. Clinical and radiographical measurements were performed every 2 weeks. After 60 days a small block section containing the teeth, surrounding periapical tissues and the periodontium was removed for histological and microbiological study. Histological analysis revealed intense inflammatory response in all groups. Microbiological analysis showed microbial reduction inversely proportional to the period of time that the intracanal temporary medicament was left in place.


#7 - Sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from bovine mastitis to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs

Abstract in English:

Antibiotic and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of 951 cultures of Staphylococcus sp., 590 cultures of Streptococcus sp. and 550 cultures of Corynebacterium sp., isolates of bovine mastites were studied. Staphylococcus sp. showed the highest levels of sensitivity (75-90%) to Cephalothin, Nitrofurantoin Vancomycin and Novobiocion: Complete resistance was seen against Phosphomycin, Polymyxin B, Colestin Sulphate and Rifamycin. In relation to Streptococcus sp., the most effective antibiotics were Chloramphenicol, Novobiocin and Vancomycin (72-77%). High levels of resistance (90-100%) were seen with Rifamycin, Streptomycin, Colestin Sulfate, Sulfomethoxazole, Phosphomycin and Polymyxin B. As for the cultures of Corynebacterium sp., the greatest sensitivity was seen with Cephalosporin (100%), followed by Erythromycin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin, Kanamycin, Tetracycline, Carbenicillin and Tobramycin (80-97%). None of the samples of Corynebacterium sp. studied showed complete resistance to any of the drugs tested.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Estudou-se in vitro a sensibilidade a antimicrobianos de 951 amostras de bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus, 590 amostras do gênero Streptococcus e 550 do gênero Corynebacterium, isoladas de mastites bovinas. Obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados em relação às bactérias do gênero Staphylococçus: os maiores índices de sensibilidade (75 a 90%) foram os observados frente à cefalosporina, nitrofurantoína, vancomicina e novobiocina. Observou-se 100% de resistência frente à fosfomicina, polimixina B, sulfato de colistina e rifamicina. Em relação a Streptococcus sp., os antimicrobianos mais efetivos foram cloranfenicol, novobiocina e vancomicina (sensibilidade de 72 a 77%). Altos índices de resistência (90 a 100%) foram observados frente à rifamicina, estreptomicina, sulfato de colistina, sulfametoxazol, fosfomicina e polimixina B. Quanto às amostras de Corynebacterium sp., a maior sensibilidade foi observada frente à cefalosporina (100%), seguida da eritromicina, cloranfenicol, gentamicina, canamicina, tetraciclina, carbenicilina e tobramicina (97 a 80%). Não foi observada resistência máxima (100%) aos antimicrobianos nas amostras de Corynebacterium sp. estudadas.


Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal SciELO Brasil CAPES CNPQ UNB UFRRJ CFMV